• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제16권2호통권69호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2004

현재 합성 구조가 사용성 측면에서 경제적이고 작업성이 좋으며, 시공상의 편의성 등의 장점이 있다는 것은 일반화된 사실이지만, 자체의 춤이 깊기 때문에 철골조 건물에 적용하기에 여러 가지 비효율적 측면이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 합성보의 전체 춤을 절감할 수 있도록 철골보의 춤내에 콘크리트를 삽입하여 일체화함으로써 철골조 고층건물에서 층고를 최소화 할 수 있는 이른바 "슬림플로어" 공법에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 콘크리트에 매입된 비대칭 철골보를 가지는 부분 합성 슬림플로어 시스템의 휨거동에 관한 것이다. 총 8개의 실대형 실험체를 철골보 춤, 전단연결 유무, 슬래브 유효폭, 및 콘크리트 토핑두께 별로 제작하여 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 별도의 전단연결재를 설치하지 않은 실험체는 자체가 가지고 있는 기계적 화학적 부착응력으로 인해 완전합성보에 비해서 $0.53{\sim}0.95$의 전단합성비를 나타내었다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2001

상업건축물에서 사용이 증가하고 있는 철골조 건물은 일반적으로 콘크리트 바닥 슬래브와 함께 합성거동하도록 설계된다. 현제 "합성 구조"가 사용성 측면에서 경제적이고 작업성이 좋으며, 시공상의 편의성 등의 장점이 있다는 것은 일반화된 사실이지만, 자체의 춤이 깊기 때문에 철골조 아파트에 적용되기에는 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 합성의 전체 춤을 절감할 수 있는 반슬림플로어 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 시스템은 철골보 춤내에 콘크리트 슬래브를 삽입하여 일체화함으로써 철골조 고층건물에서 층고를 최소화 할 수 있는 공법이다. 실험은 12개의 합성슬래브 실험체를 데크현상, 슬래브폭, 스터드볼트의 유무와 콘크리트 토핑두께를 변수로하여 휨성능을 평가하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 상시진동계측에서 얻은 시계열파형에서 하프파워법과 RD법을 통하여 감쇠율을 산정하여 해석법에 따른 감쇠율의 변동성을 분석하였다. 상시진동계측은 국내 철골조 건물 2개동과 철골철근콘크리트조 건물 1개동을 대상으로 실시하였다. 하프파워법(half- power bandwidth method)의 변수는 앙상블 데이터수를 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192로 변화시키면서 감쇠율의 변화 경향을 분석하여 하프파워법의 적용성을 검토하였다. 상시진동계측 데이터에서 앙상블의 데이터 사이즈를 1024 에서 8192로 증가함에 따라서 하프파워법에 의한 감쇠율은 감소하면서 일정한 값으로 수렴하면서 RD법에 의한 감쇠율과 비슷해짐을 확인하였다. 또한 하프파워법에 대한 감쇠율은 일반적으로 RD법에 의한 감쇠율보다 다소 큰 것을 확인하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.295-315
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• 2014

This paper presents the results of an analytical study on seismic reliability of viscoelastically damped frame systems in comparison with that of conventional moment resisting frame systems. In order to exhibit the reliability of the frame systems with viscoelastic dampers, seismic reliability analyses were carried out for steel framed buildings, 5 and 12 storeys in height, designed as: (a) Case 1: Conventional moment resisting frame, (b) Case 2: Frame with viscoelastic dampers providing supplemental effective damping ratio of 10%, and (c) Case 3: Frame with viscoelastic dampers providing supplemental effective damping ratio of 20%. Nonlinear time history analyses were utilized to develop seismic fragility curves whilst monitoring various performance objectives. To obtain robust estimators of the seismic reliability, a database including 15 natural earthquake ground motion records with markedly different characteristics was employed in the fragility analysis. The results indicate that depending upon the supplemental effective damping ratio, frames designed with viscoelastic dampers have considerably lower annual probability of exceedance of performance limit states for structural components, showing up to a five-fold reduction in comparison to conventionally designed moment resisting frame system.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.147-165
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• 2023

The paper contrasts conventional seismic design with a design that incorporates buckling-restrained bracing in three-dimensional reinforced concrete buildings (BRBs). The suboptimal structures may be found using the multi-objective chimp optimization algorithm (MEN-ChOA). Given the constraints and dimensions, ChOA suffers from a slow convergence rate and tends to become stuck in local minima. Therefore, the ChOA is improved by niching and evolutionary operators to overcome the aforementioned problems. In addition, a new technique is presented to compute seismic and dead loads that include all of a structure's parts in an algorithm for three-dimensional frame design rather than only using structural elements. The performance of the constructed multi-objective model is evaluated using 12 standard multi-objective benchmarks proposed in IEEE congress on evolutionary computation. Second, MEN-ChOA is employed in constructing several reinforced concrete structures by the Mexico City building code. The variety of Pareto optimum fronts of these criteria enables a thorough performance examination of the MEN-ChOA. The results also reveal that BRB frames with comparable structural performance to conventional moment-resistant reinforced concrete framed buildings are more cost-effective when reinforced concrete building height rises. Structural performance and building cost may improve by using a nature-inspired strategy based on MEN-ChOA in structural design work.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.139-150
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• 2022

In most self-center braces, decreasing residual deformation is possible only by increasing pretension force, which results in lower energy dissipation capacity. On the other hand, increasing energy dissipation capacity means higher values of residual deformation. The goal of this research was to find the best design for a self-centering buckling restrained brace (SC-BRB) system by balancing self-centering capability and energy dissipation. Three, six, and nine-story structures were investigated using OpenSees software and the TCL programming language to achieve this goal. For each height, 62 different SC-BRBs were considered using different values for the pretension force of cables, the area of the buckling restrained brace (BRB) core plate, and the yield stress of the core plate. The residual deformation and dissipated energy of all the models were calculated using nonlinear analyses after cyclic loading was applied. The optimum design for each height was determined among all the models and was compared to the structure equipped with the usual BRB. The residual deformation of the framed buildings was significantly reduced, according to the findings. Also the reduction of the energy dissipation was acceptable. The optimum design of SC-BRB in 6-story building has the most reduction percent in residual deformation, it can reduce residual deformation of building 83% while causing only a 57% of reduction in dissipated energy. The greatest reduction in residual deformation versus dissipated energy reduction was for the optimum SC-BRB design of 9-story building, results indicated that it can reduce residual deformation of building 69% while causing only a 42% of reduction in dissipated energy.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제64권6권
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• pp.765-781
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• 2017

The out-of-plane response of infill walls has recently gained a growing attention and has been recognised fundamental in the damage assessment of reinforced concrete and steel framed buildings subjected to seismic loads. The observation of damage after earthquakes highlighted that out-of-plane collapse of masonry infills may occur even during seismic events of low or moderate intensity, causing both casualty risks and unfavourable situations affecting the overall structural response. Even though studies concerning the out-of-plane behaviour of infills are not as many as those focused on the in-plane response, in the last decades, a substantial number of researches have been carried out on the out-of-plane behaviour of infills. In this study, the out-of-plane response is investigated considering different aspects. First, damages observed after past earthquakes are examined, with the aim of identifying the main parameters involved and the most critical configurations. Secondly, the response recorded in about 150 experimental tests is deeply examined, focusing on the influence of geometrical characteristics, boundary conditions, prior in-plane damage, presence of reinforcing elements and openings. Finally, different theoretical capacity models and code provisions are discussed and compared, giving specific attention to those based on the arching theory. The reliability of some of these models is herein tested with reference to experimental results. The comparison between analytically predicted and experimental values allows to appreciate the extent of approximation of such methods.