• Wind and Structures
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.291-306
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• 2003

Many investigations have been conducted to find out the reason behind wind-rain-induced cable vibration in cable-stayed bridges. A single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analytical model, which could capture main features of wind-rain-induced cable vibration, was recently presented by the writers. This paper extends the SDOF model to a 2DOF model by including the equation of motion of upper rivulet. The interaction between the upper rivulet and the cable is described in terms of nonlinear damping force, linear restoring force, and inertia force. The computed results using the 2DOF model are first compared with the results from simulated wind-rain tunnel tests, and the comparison is found satisfactory in general. The possible mechanisms of wind-rain-induced cable vibration are discussed and a parametric study is then conducted. Finally, the computed results using the 2DOF model are compared with those predicted by the SDOF model. The 2DOF model is found better than the SDOF model but the SDOF model is still acceptable for its simplicity.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.741-754
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• 2009

Excessive cable vibrations are detrimental to cable-stayed bridges. Increasing the system damping of cables is a key solution to resolve this severe problem. Equations representing the dynamic characteristics of an inclined cable with a Deck-Anchored Damper (DAD) or with a Clipped Tuned Mass Dampers (CTMD) are reviewed. A theoretical comparison on the performance of cable vibration reduction between the cable-DAD system and the cable-CTMD systems is thoroughly discussed. Optimal system modal damping for the free vibration and transfer functions for the forced vibration for the two cabledamper systems are addressed and compared in detail. Design examples for these two different dampers are also provided.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제9권4호통권33호
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• pp.579-588
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• 1997

사장교의 시공 특성상 여러 가지 원인에 의하여 오차가 발생하고, 복잡한 시공 과정을 거치는 동안 오차가 누적되어 점점 확대된다. 따라서, 설계와는 상당히 달리 부재에 불리한 응력분포와 교량의 과도한 처짐 등이 발생할 수 있다. 부재의 응력분포와 교량의 기하형상을 바람직한 방향으로 수정하기 위해 사장교의 시공 중에 케이블의 장력보정이 불가피하다. 기존의 장력보정 방법은 오차 단위의 차이를(케이블 장력과 주형의 처짐 등) 고려하기 위하여 최적화 과정 중에 가중치 계수를 사용하여야 한다. 하지만 이 가중치 계수를 결정하는 것이 쉽지 않고, 한 차례의 보정을 실시한 후에도 오차가 설계허용범위를 벗어날 때는 새로운 가중치 계수를 도입하여 여러 번 반복 수행해야하므로 상당한 시간이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 점을 고려하여 선형퍼지회귀분석기법을 케이블 장력보정에 적용하였다. 이 방법은 설계자의 의도와 시방 규정을 선형최적화 문제의 구속 조건의 형태로 정식화 과정에 포함시킬 수 있고, 기존의 방법보다 빠르게 현장에서의 장력보정을 수행할 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.210-218
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• 2019

최근 미관과 독창성을 위해서 과감하고 실험적인 형상을 적용한 사장교가 시도되고 있다. 기존에 유사한 사례가 없는 교량의 경우 해석 모델링에 대한 깊은 고민과 검증이 필요하다. S자형 곡선 보도사장교는 역삼각형 트러스 보강거더의 편측에 1면으로 케이블이 배치되어 상시 비틀림이 발생한다. 비틀림 억제를 위해서 중앙 하현재에 배치한 받침을 기준으로 좌, 우측의 상현재에 링크슈를 배치하였다. 첫 번째 연구는 링크슈의 모델링 방법과 격벽 모델링 유무에 관한 것이다. 지점부 횡방향 구조계와 비틀림 강성을 정확히 반영하기 위해서 받침의 회전강성을 이용하는 간접적인 방법이 아닌 링크슈와 격벽을 직접 모델링하는 것이 필요하였다. 두번째 연구는 압축전담 요소인 받침과 인장전담 요소인 링크슈의 횡방향 배치방법에 관한 것이다. 방법1은 곡선반경 외측에서부터 링크슈, 받침, 링크슈의 순서로 배치하는 것이고, 방법2는 받침, 받침, 링크슈로 배치하는 방법이다. 방법2는 방법1과 비교하여 외측 상현재의 응력은 커지고 내측 상현재의 응력은 감소하였다. 받침과 링크슈의 횡방향 배치방법에 따라 상현재의 응력 조정이 가능한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권6A호
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• pp.799-808
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• 2008

국내 교통 현실을 반영한 중(重)차량에 대한 하중 분석은 케이블 교량의 유지관리시 잔존수명 예측을 위한 피로하중모델 개발이나 교량의 설계시 해석에 필요한 활하중 모델 개발시 반드시 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 강합성 사장교 상부구조 하면에 설치된 변형률 센서에서 측정한 신호를 이용하여 교량을 주행하고 있는 중차량의 하중정보를 얻기 위하여, 인공신경망 및 영향선을 이용한 차량하중분석시스템을 개발하였다. 인공신경망의 학습과 테스트를 위한 데이터 확보에 있어서 이론적인 수치 시뮬레이션을 통하지 않고, 실제 교량을 주행하는 임의 차량에 대해 직접 측정한 데이터를 이용하였다. 또한, 학습된 신경망의정확도를 검증하기 위하여 3종류의 시험재하차량을 반복 주행시켜 구한 값과 계량소에서 측정한 정적 값을 비교하였다. 교량의국부거동을 고려하기 위하여 가로보를 이용하였고, 인공신경망을 이용한 방법과 영향선을 이용한 방법의 분석결과를 비교한 결과, 인공신경망이론을 적용한 분석방법이 하중 판별의 정확도에 있어서는 영향선 분석방법보다 높은 정확도를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.956-963
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• 2002

In a recent construction industry, cable supported structures such as a cable-stayed bridge or space stadium have been increasingly constructed according to rapidly upgrade their related technologies. Generally stay cables as a critical member need to be rearranged for being satisfied with design tension forces. In this purpose, a vibration method has been applied to estimate the tension forces exerted on existing stay cables. In this study, cable vibration tests were tarried out to evaluate the cable tension forces comparing with theoretical and practical formulas. Using the measured frequencies obtained from free vibration and Impulsive tests, an accuracy of the estimated tension forces is confirmed according to use the first single mode only or higher multiple modes.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.575-589
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• 2020

For vibration control of stay cables in cable-stayed bridges, viscous dampers are frequently used, and they are regularly installed between the cable and the bridge deck. In practice, neoprene rubber bushings (or of other types) are also widely installed inside the cable guide pipe, mainly for reducing the bending stresses of the cable near its anchorages. Therefore, it is important to understand the effect of the bushings on the performance of the external damper. Besides, for long cables, external dampers installed at a single position near a cable end can no longer provide enough damping due to the sag effect and the limited installation distance. It is thus of interest to improve cable damping by additionally installing dampers inside the guide pipe. This paper hence studies the combined effects of an external damper and an internal damper (which can also model the bushings) on a stay cable. The internal damper is assumed to be a High Damping Rubber (HDR) damper, and the external damper is considered to be a viscous damper with intrinsic stiffness, and the cable sag is also considered. Both the cases when the two dampers are installed close to one cable end and respectively close to the two cable ends are studied. Asymptotic design formulas are derived for both cases considering that the dampers are close to the cable ends. It is shown that when the two dampers are placed close to different cable ends, their combined damping effects are approximately the sum of their separate contributions, regardless of small cable sag and damper intrinsic stiffness. When the two dampers are installed close to the same end, maximum damping that can be achieved by the external damper is generally degraded, regardless of properties of the HDR damper. Field tests on an existing cable-stayed bridge have further validated the influence of the internal damper on the performance of the external damper. The results suggest that the HDR is optimally placed in the guide pipe of the cable-pylon anchorage when installing viscous dampers at one position is insufficient. When an HDR damper or the bushing has to be installed near the external damper, their combined damping effects need to be evaluated using the presented methods.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.367-382
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• 2001

Wind tunnel tests were conducted on a model of deck section from the Ting Kau cable stayed bridge. The purpose of the tests was to determine the set of aerodynamic derivatives conventionally used to describe the motion-induced forces arising from the wind flow, and to investigate the stability of the deck under different conditions of turbulence and angle of attack. The study shows that except for large negative angles of attack the deck section itself is stable up to a high wind speed, and that when instability does occur it is essentially a single degree of freedom (torsional) flutter.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.453-476
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• 2013

DuraMote is a remote sensing system developed for the "NIST TIP project: next generation SCADA for prevention and mitigation of water system infrastructure disaster". It is designed for supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) of ruptures in water pipes. Micro-electro mechanical (MEMS) accelerometers, which record the vibration of the pipe wall, are used detect the ruptures. However, the performance of Duramote cannot be verified directly on a water distribution system because it lacks an acceptable recordable level of ambient vibration. Instead, a long-span cable-stayed bridge is an ideal test-bed to validate the accuracy, the reliability, and the robustness of DuraMote because the bridge has an acceptable level of ambient vibration. The acceleration data recorded on the bridge were used to identify the modal properties of the structure and to verify the performance of DuraMote. During the test period, the bridge was subjected to heavy rain, wind, and a typhoon but the system demonstrates its robustness and durability.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.421-428
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• 2000

The preliminary stage of structural design is very crucial step whose results have great effects on the structural performance, construction, economy, and aesthetics through the following design stages. However, it is extremely difficult to computerize the information and knowledge used in the preliminary design stage because it lacks of formality of representation of designers' experience and intuition. To address such issue the concept of an artificial neural network has been adopted to develop preliminary design system for cable-stayed bridges in this paper. The artificial neural network has been proved that it has the ability of learning design experience and providing a good design alternative.