• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2013

Fillers have been used for printing paper to improve printability, sheet formation and optical properties and to reduce production costs by replacing expensive wood pulps. However, an increased filler content will decrease paper strength because filler particles interfere with fiber-fiber bonding. In order to increase filler content without sacrificing too much paper strength in high filler content papers, the surface of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) has been modified by adsorbing anionic polyacrylamide and cationic starch in series. The adsorbed polymer layers would enhance interactions between the filler surface and the fiber surface, improving internal bonding. It was found that the modified PCC increased paper strength at a given filler content compared to the coventional method. Negligible differences in optical properties and formation of paper, filler and fines retention and drainage on the wire section were observed between the modified and the conventional PCC. However, the decreased bulk of paper was observed when the modified PCC was used.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.38 no.2 s.115
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• pp.22-34
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• 2006

To improve the mechanical properties of Hanji, starches such as maize, konyaku, and wheat powders were added at various concentrations in the manufacturing processes of Hanji. The effect of starches on the physical properties of Hanji was as follows. Filling rates of surface of hanji were increased with the increase of the concentration of starch. Hanji surface were completely filled at the 3.0% konyaku treatment. Konyaku powder showed higher filling rates than maize and wheat powder. The breaking length was increased with the increase of filling rates. Konyaku powder showed the highest breaking length: Tear index of hanji treated with maize and wheat powder were a little improved but that of hanji treated with konyaku powder were a little decreased compared to non-treated hanji. In conclusion, starch treatment showed the increase of the breaking length, but no effect on tear index.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.47-53
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• 1999

The effect of coating of liner components with oxidized starch on the properties of corrugated box was examined . Coating was carried out on liner components of B flute, single-wall corrugated board(SK180/S120/K200) , and corrugated box was made from the treated corrugated board. Box was made in a regular slotted container (RSC) style, and box compression strength was determined in the direction of top-to-bottom compression. The compression strength of box coated on outside liner component showed 15.4% improvement for 1.58g㎡ coating. On the other hand, the strength of box coated on outside liner component showed only 1.45% improvement for 1.41g/㎡ coating and 3.46% improvement for 2.32g/㎡ coating. Coating on inside liner component with oxidized starch at low coating weight more significantly improved box compression strength than coating on outside liner component, and the improvement was marked at the coating weight of 1.5-2.5g/㎡. In estimating top-to-bottom box compression strength, the experimental values were closer to the calculated values from McKee's equation suing edgewise compression strength of the combined board measured by column crush test than those from Kellicutt's equation using compression strength of component paperboards measured by ring crush test.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2012

Structural stability and shock absorption are important properties for corrugated board. In order to maintain structural stability, adhesive properties between top/bottom liners and corrugated medium are not only essential but also important for productivity and product quality. Borax has been an essential ingredient in corrugating adhesive solution. Borax increases viscosity, bonding between starchs and green adhesive bond. The objective of this research is to improving adhesive strength and viscosity stability by adding cross-linking agent instead of borax. Rheology and penetration of main starch gelatinization slurry were affected by borax addition level. Borax increased viscosity and decreased viscosity stability, while cross-linking additives increased viscosity stability and adhesive strength by anchoring effect.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

Part of SB latex in pre-coating color was substituted with newly developed starch-based bio-binder in order to investigate the effect of starch-based bio-binder in pre-coating color on the properties of coating color and coated paper. Smoothness and gloss of coated paper were decreased with the increase of bio-binder substitution ratio. Brightness and whiteness did not show the significant changes, but stiffness was improved with bio-binder. Ink set-off, dry-pick and wet pick were decreased with the increase of bio-binder substitution ratio. In general, when all SB latex is substituted with bio-binder, ink set-off, dry- and wet-pick were deteriorated. However, it was found that if the bio-binder substitution ratio is controlled below 50%, similar qualities with coated paper manufactured by the use of SB latex binder can be obtained.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.62-68
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• 2012

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of PCC loading at thick stock on the physical properties of paper. The effect of starch addition(2, 4 and 6%) and mixing time(5, 10 and 20 min.) on the filler retention and paper properties were investigated. Optimum dosage of cationic starch as a fixing agent was 4%, and mixing time did not showed any significant effect on the filler retention. PCC loading at thick stock was more effective to improve bulk and opacity than PCC loading at thin stock, although their improvement was not so significant. It was also found that the strength properties could be improved by the loading at thick stock. PCC loading method at thick stock could be considered as one of potential approaches for further improving of paper properties, although further research works are required in order to apply the PCC loading at thick stock in the paper mill.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.38 no.4 s.117
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• pp.68-75
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• 2006

Electromagnetic shielding sheet using the carbon and wood fiber mixture was manufactured in an effort to develop an electromagnetic shielding packaging material. Carbon fibers were cut into 5, 10, and 15 mm using the automatic cutting device and blown and dispersed using compression air passed through the fine nozzle. Then carbon fibers were slurried with water (0.1% consistency), and softwood kraft pulp along with cone starch were added. The wet mats were manufactured by dewatering in modified hand-sheet machine. The wet mats were pressed upto $4kgf/cm^2$ in the carbon and wood fiber mixture mat press. The wet mats were dried in the automatic controlled plate dryer. Investigation on the formation and surface structure of the newly developed carbon and wood fiber mixture electromagnetic shielding sheet were carried out using the scanning electron microscopy and the image analyzer. Finally electromagnetic shielding characteristics of the newly developed carbon and wood mixture sheet were measured using net-work analyser. The result was promising in the light of the fact that this method could open a new way to substitute the expensive imported electromagnetic shielding sheet.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.21-29
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• 2011

Recently, the use of recycled fibers was increased in order to replace the virgin pulp for low production cost and forest conservation. However, the recycled fibers decreases drainage rate, papermaking efficiency and product quality by short fibers and low wettability because of hornification. To overcome the limitation of low drainage rate, the technology of organic fillers were applied. Wooden fillers gave high bulk and stiffness of paper, but they reduced the strength of paper. In order to improve strength properties 4 types of strength additives were added and analyzed. Cationic starch, branched strength additive, linear wet strength additive, and linear dry strength additive were used. The drainage rate and paper properties such as bulk, air permeability and tensile strength were measured. As results of analysis, addition of branch type of strength agent such as C-starch was effective than linear type of strength agent in the drainage rate. Nevertheless there was no effect on the drainage rate by adding the pretreated wooden fillers. By adding the pretreated wooden fillers, bulk, air permeability and tensile strength of handsheets were improved with low dosage than non-pretreated fillers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.192-210
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• 2004

Application methods of chemicals were investigated tn minimize strength reduction of corrugated boards under the high humidity environment encountered in the cold chain system. Starch insolubilizers were introduced in the starch solution preparation of the Stain hall method and their insolubilization effect of starch binder were estimated. The performance of water repellent agents(WRA) and moisture proof agents(MPA) were evaluated in terms of water and moisture resistance. And effects of the combination of the chemicals and the coating method were also examined. Addition of the polyamine polyamide insolubilizer to the main part in the Stain hall process improved the binding force and water resistance of starch, which contributed to minimize the strength reduction of paper under the high humidity environment. AZC and Glyoxal type insolubilizers could not be used in the experiment due to an excessively increased viscosity of starch solution and the poor stability. Conventional WRA treatment to the base paper enhanced water and moisture resistance very slightly even though water repellency of the paper reached R10 by the treatment. MPA showed excellent performance than WRA not only in water and moisture resistance but in water repellency. Double coating on paper with MPA was more effective than the single coating at the same coating weight. A newly developed MPA showed excellent performance and runnability only by a single coating instead of a double coating.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1040-1046
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• 2006

Studies were carried out with a repeated $4{\times}4$ Latin square design with eight cannulated pigs fed four experimental diets to investigate the effect of dietary fiber and starch sources on apparent ileal and fecal amino acid digestibility. Each period lasted 15 d, with diet acclimation from d 1 to 7, feces collection for 48 h on d 8 to 9 and ileal sample collection for 12 h on d 13 to 15. The four experimental diets consisted mainly of cooked rice with the addition of protein sources (CON), partial replacement of cooked rice with either potato starch (PS), sugar beet pulp (SBP) or wheat bran (WB). Chromic oxide was used as an indigestible marker. With the exception of histidine, lysine and tryptophan, no differences were observed in the apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids between diets. The inclusion of potato starch did not affect the ileal and fecal amino acid digestibility. In comparison with diet CON, a decreased (p<0.05) ileal digestibility of histidine was found in pigs fed diet SBP, while the ileal digestibilities of histidine, lysine and tryptophan were decreased (p<0.05) by the inclusion of wheat bran. Inclusion of fiber sources (sugar beet pulp and wheat bran) caused a reduction (p<0.05) in the fecal amino acid digestibility and the net disappearance of amino acids in the large intestine. Of the indispensable amino acids, there was a 'net synthesis' for methionine in the large intestine of pigs when diets were supplemented with dietary fiber. The decrease in fecal amino acid digestibility with the addition of dietary fiber indicates an increase in the synthesis of bacterial protein in the large intestine.