• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop a dental communication course in dental hygiene schools that included theory, practice, and skill for effective dental communication. Thirty-six senior dental hygiene students in a dental hygiene school took a dental communication course and responded to a questionnaire. The instrument used in the study was a modified form of Kim's communication skill self-assessment sheet. The self-assessment questionnaire about communication competencies was administered before and after the class, and the difference between scores at each time point was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. Among seven elements of dental communication competencies, the competency of "information gathering" was significantly improved (p=0.008). Students' scores on perception of the importance (p=0.019) and necessity (0.016) of a communication course significantly increased after the course. Competencies in communication are essential requirement for dental hygienists. This study showed the possibility of communication skill training. An objective evaluation tool regarding students' communication competencies should be developed. Further studies with larger samples size are needed to develop a standardized comprehensive communication course in dental hygiene schools.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• v.33 no.47
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• pp.292.1-292.10
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• 2018

Background: We investigated the incidence of active tuberculosis among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, with or without latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Methods: The study was performed at a Korean tertiary referral center between January 2011 and June 2017. In total, 740 patients with IBD who underwent LTBI screening tests and were followed-up for ${\geq}1$ year after TNF inhibitor treatment initiation were enrolled. LTBI was detected on the basis of tuberculin skin test results, interferon-gamma release assay results, chest X-ray findings, and previous tuberculosis treatment history. The patients were classified into LTBI (n = 84) or non-LTBI (n = 656) group. The risk of developing tuberculosis in each group was assessed on the basis of standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for active tuberculosis. Results: Mean patient age was 33.1 years, and patients with Crohn's disease were predominant (80.7%). Within 1 year after the initiation of TNF inhibitor treatment, 1 patient in the LTBI group (1/84; 1.2%) and 7 patients in the non-LTBI group (7/656; 1.1%) developed active tuberculosis. The overall 1-year incidence of tuberculosis among the patients was significantly higher than that among the general population (SIR, 14.0; 95% CI, 7.0-28.0), and SIR was not affected by LTBI status (LTBI group: 14.5, 95% CI, 2.0-102.6; non-LTBI group: 14.0, 95% CI, 6.7-29.4). Conclusion: Patients with IBD undergoing TNF inhibitor treatment showed a higher 1-year incidence of tuberculosis than the general population irrespective of LTBI status.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.181-204
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study is to integrate the results of the previous studies from 1900 to 2016 according to the types of dependent variables individually and statistically to obtain the results of the overall level of the marital education program I need to figure it out. In other words, the general and valid study on the overall effectiveness of the marriage education program will lead to more concluded conclusions and draw up an integrated and holistic conclusion about the effectiveness of the marriage education program. Method: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of married couples' education program on married couples' education program. The results of this study are as follows. First, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. In other words, funnel plot, forest plot, and trim & fill were used to analyze all the variables related to the education of the couple, and homogeneity test After choosing an analytical model for the analysis, we calculated the 'standardized mean difference' effect size (d) that can compare different individual studies through the analytical model. The results of this study are as follows. Results: The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall effect size of domestic couples education programs after 1990, and to investigate the effect sizes of dependent variable types and program - related variables. First, the total effect size of the domestic marriage education program was close to the level of the large effect size and had a substantial and preventive effect. Self-esteem, communication, marital adjustment, emotion, and self control have a substantial and prophylactically significant change depending on the type of subordinate variables related to the marital education program But there was no change in origin family and life satisfaction. Third, as a result of the categorization of the dependent variable categorization of the Korean couple education program, it was found that the marital relations of the participant in the individual inner and the marital relations The effect was significant enough to change. Fourth, Korean couple education program was most effective when mixed age couples were participated in various family life cycle. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to study more deeply about marital education program effect of marriage education for various special groups such as married couples who are in a crisis of divorce, . It also means that the results of the research for the last 30 years from 1900 to 2016 were comprehensively and systematically summarized through meta - analysis. The results of this study provide information on how to provide the most effective couples education programs for practitioners in the field. The result of this study will be the data of judgment about how to organize the marital education program for people of any ages and characteristics in the future.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.123-144
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• 2017

The purpose of the study was to analyze American teacher quality management system and provide it's implications. For this, the study analyzed the main traits of American teacher policy, Pennsylvania State University's teacher cultivation system, Pennsylvania State's teacher certification, selection, and recruit system, the master teacher system of New Jersey and New York State. The main results are as the followings. First, American teacher policy is variously operated by state government and school district based on variety and autonomy. Second, for teacher cultivation in American teacher policy, the evaluation on the teacher cultivation program of teacher cultivation institute(mainly university) is strictly administrated. Third, for teacher certification, various tests for gaining teacher certificate are administered and standardized tests are used for the tests. Fourth, for teacher selection and recruit, there is no special test for selection and teacher recruit is done by contract. Fifth, for quality management using excellent teacher, America is administering master teacher that is similar with master teacher system in Korea. Finally, the innovation of teacher cultivation institute by introducing Every Student Succeeds Act(ESSA) is anticipated. Based on these results, the implications for Korean teacher policy were provided.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.110-120
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• 2014

Objectives : We performed a clinical study to investigate autonomic conditions in persistent allergic rhinitis depending on various pattern identifications and the availability of heart rate variability (HRV) as a pattern identification diagnostic tool. Methods : 32 patients with persistent allergic rhinitis were asked to interview with doctor of Korean Medicine and perform the four pattern questionnaires (Cold-Heat Pattern, Phlegm Pattern, Yin Deficiency pattern, bloodstasis pattern). Then, they were examined their autonomic conditions with heart rate variability test. Results : Patients were classified as three pattern groups (Lung-stomach heat, Lung qi deficiency cold, Lung-spleen qi deficiency) by doctor. In the Lung qi deficiency cold group, Total power of the HRV (TP) and the power of the low frequency component (LF) significantly higher than in the Lung-stomach heat or Lung-spleen qi deficiency group (P < 0.05). Also, Patients were classified as 8 pattern groups (Cold/Heat, Phlegm/Non-phlegm, Yin deficiency/Non-yin deficiency, Bloodstasis/Non-bloodstasis) by four pattern questionnaires. Only in the Yin deficiency group, the power of the low frequency component (LF) significantly lower than in the Non-yin deficiency group (P < 0.05). There were not any significant differences in the rest groups. Conclusions : The result may provide that HRV doesn't reflect well the differences in the various pattern groups, and the HRV's availability is low. Continuous studies are needed to develop the objective and standardized pattern identification diagnostic tool for allergic rhinitis.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.470-476
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• 2018

Facial motor evoked potential (FMEP) by multi-pulse transcranial electrical stimulation (mpTES) can complement free-running electromyography (EMG) and direct facial nerve stimulation to predict the functional integrity of the facial nerve during cerebello-pontine angle (CPA) tumor surgery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the standardized test methods and the usefulness of FMEP as a predictor of facial nerve function and to minimize the incidence of facial paralysis as an aftereffect of surgery. TES was delivered through electrode Mz (cathode) - M3/M4 (anode), and extracranially direct distal facial muscle excitation was excluded by the absence of single pulse response (SPR) and by longer onset latency (more than 10 ms). FMEP from the orbicularis oris (o.oris) and the mentalis muscle simultaneously can improve the accuracy and success rate compared with FMEP from the o.oris alone. Using the methods described, we can effectively predict facial nerve outcomes immediately after surgery with a reduction of more than 50% of FMEP amplitude as a warning criterion. In conclusion, along with free-running EMG and direct facial nerve stimulation, FMEP is a useful method to reduce the incidence of facial paralysis as a sequela during CPA tumor surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.129-144
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• 2019

This study aimed at developing an accelerated collection method that reduces measurement and collection time by improving and complementing the desiccator method, which is mainly used for quality control in wood-based panels and furniture production sites. First, this study measured the formaldehyde emissions from the wood-based panels by grade using the desiccator method. Further, this study compared the desiccator method with the developed process and analyzed the correlation in optimal temperature, time, and exposed area. The results showed that the developed process resulted in relatively similar outcomes in comparison to the desiccator method when the temperature was $100^{\circ}C$, the time was 1 h, and two specimens were used, at which the correlation was high. To verify the developed process, this study commissioned Korea Conformity Laboratories with the standardized temperature, time, and the number of specimens to compare them with the specimen that was not used in the actual test. As a result, the correlation to the desiccator method was shown to be very high. However, the formaldehyde emission measured by the accelerated collection process was mostly higher than that measured by the desiccator method. The formaldehyde emission grades from several specimens were one level higher. However, from the perspectives of quality control, it was determined that the accelerated collection method developed in this study could be sufficiently used.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment-BIG(LSVT-BIG) intervention which consisted of standardized exercise programs and occupation-based activities for people with Parkinson Disease(PD) on motor functions and quality of life Methods: This study applied a one group pretest-posttest design. The experiment was divided into two parts: pre intervention and post intervention period. Before and after LSVT-BIG intervention, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS), Time up and go(TUG), Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39(PDQ-39) were used to measure the participants' motor functions and quality of life. Based on the LSVT-BIG protocol, three participants received 16 one-hour sessions over 4 weeks by a certified occupational therapist. The results were analyzed by using SPSS. Results: There were improvements in UPDRS and TUG. Additionally, PDQ-39 scores decreased in all participants, which means that their quality of life was improved. Conclusions: The study demonstrated positive effects of LSVT-BIG intervention on motor functions and quality of life of patients with PD.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.1414-1422
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• 2019

Objective: Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of adaptation time and inclusion level of sugar beet pulp (SBP) on nutrient digestibility and to evaluate the ileal amino acid digestibility of SBP fed to pigs. Methods: In Exp. 1, thirty-six crossbred barrows ($85.0{\pm}2.1kg$) were allotted to 6 diets in a completely randomized design with six replicates per diet. Diets included a corn-soybean meal diet and 5 test diets containing 14.6%, 24.4%, 34.2%, 43.9%, or 53.7% SBP, respectively. The adaptation time consisted 7, 14, 21, or 28 d consecutively for each pig followed by 5 d for fecal collection. Feces were collected from d 8 to 13, d 15 to 20, d 22 to 27, and d 29 to 34, respectively. In Exp. 2, six pigs ($35.1{\pm}1.7kg$) with T-cannulas at the terminal ileum were fed to 3 diets in a replicated $3{\times}3$ Latin square design with 3 periods and 2 replicate pigs per diet. Each period consisted 5 d for diet adaptation followed by 2 d for digesta collection. Results: The digestible energy (DE) value and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE), dry matter (DM), ash, and organic matter in diets linearly decreased (p<0.05) as the adaptation time increased or as the dietary SBP increased, while the ATTD of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in diets linearly increased (p<0.01) as the dietary SBP increased. The DE value and the ATTD of GE and crude protein (CP) in SBP linearly increased (p<0.05) as the adaptation time increased, while the ATTD of CP in SBP linearly decreased (p<0.01) as the inclusion level increased. The standardized ileal digestibility of Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp in SBP was 37.03%, 51.62%, 40.68%, and 46.22%, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the ATTD of energy and nutrients were decreased as inclusion rate of SBP increased.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.121-132
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• 2017

This study is a narrative research study to understand the degree of awareness and practice of nursing college students' patients' health information protection and to grasp the relationship between them.. The subjects of this study were 122 nursing college students who experienced clinical practice in two nursing colleges in GwangJu city. Data collection was done from October 13 to 28, 2017. Using SPSS/WIN 21.0 Program, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were performed. As a result of the study, the degree of awareness and practicability of patient' health information protection were 4.44(SD=0.44) and 4.28(SD=0.62), respectively. There was a difference in the awareness of health information protection when they were educated about patients' health information protection at school (t=5.094, p<.001) and hospital (t=2.028, p=.045) in the case of having experience in patients' health information protection in hospitals(t=2.551, p=.012). There was a significant positive(+)correlation between patient's health information protection perception and practicing degree, and the degree of health information protection practitioner's communication domain (r=.420, p<.001). There was a significant positive correlation with the domain (r=.368, p<.001) and the referral domain (r=.304, p=.001). Based on these results, we sought to protect the personal information of patients and to provide necessary basic data to develop for standardized education program.