• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.50-55
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• 2002

The standard approach of image resampling is to fit the original image with continuous model and resample the function at a desired rate. We used the B-spline function as the continuous model because it oscillates less than the others. The main purpose of this paper is the derivation of a nonuniform optimal resampling algorithm. To derive it, needing approximation can be computed in three steps: 1) determining the I-spline coefficients by matrix inverse process, 2) obtaining the transformed-spline coefficients by the optimal resampling algorithm derived from the orthogonal projection theorem, 3) converting of the result back into the signal domain by indirect B-spline transformation. With these methods, we can use B-spline in the non-uniform resampling, which is proved to be a good kernel in uniform resampling, and can also verify the applicability from our experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2017

It may be reasonable to consider density per unit area over time rather than analyze traffic volume, which is simply the traffic volume per unit of time, in assessing the maritime traffic congestion of a certain area. This study contributes to the standardization of maritime traffic congestion assessment methods for the maritime traffic safety diagnosis institute while seeking a new method to minimize evaluation error due to converted traffic volume per ship tonnage level. To solve this problem, a method to evaluate maritime traffic congestion by comparing the area occupied by a vessel with the area of its route using vessel identification data from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) has been proposed. In this new model, it is possible to use actual data due to the development of information and communication technology, reducing conversion error while allowing for the evaluation of maritime traffic congestion by route.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.460-475
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• 2016

The existing Proxy Mobile IPv6 suffers from a long handover latency which in turn causes significant packet loss that is unacceptable for seamless realtime services such as multimedia streaming. This paper proposes an OpenFlow-enabled proxy mobile IPv6 (OF-PMIPv6) in which the control of access gateways is centralized at an OpenFlow controller of a foreign network. The proposed OF-PMIPv6 separates the control path from the data path by performing the mobility control at the controller, whereas the data path remains direct between a mobile access gateway and a local mobility anchor in an IP tunnel form. A group of simple OpenFlow-enabled access gateways performs link-layer control and monitoring activities to support a comprehensive mobility of mobile nodes, and communicates with the controller through the standard OpenFlow protocol. The controller performs network-layer mobility control on behalf of mobile access gateways and communicates with the local mobility anchor in the Proxy Mobile IPv6 domain. Benefiting from the centralized view and information, the controller caches the authentication and configuration information and reuses it to significantly reduce the handover latency. An analytical analysis of the proposed OF-PMIPv6 reactive and proactive handover schemes shows 43% and 121% reduction in the handover latency, respectively, for highly utilized network. The results gathered from the OF-PMIPv6 testbed suggest similar performance improvements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.519-524
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• 2006

This paper describes an application of information presentation based geographic map for maritime information, including navigation information. The work is motivated by the need to prepare maritime information representation and distribution for future generation Web network technology. This works consist of map generation using GML and application to maritime information. GML 3.0 became an adopted specification of the Open Geospatial Consortium(OGC) in January 2003, and is rapidly emerging as the world standard for the encoding, transport and storage of all forms of geographic information. This paper looks at the application of GML to one of the more challenging areas of maritime information. Specific features of GML of interest to maritime information provider are discussed and then illustrated through a series of maritime information case studies. The first phase of the work consists of the construction of GML application schema for using as a base map of maritime information. Maritime information is acquired from multiple sources, including standards documents, database schemas, lexicons, collections of symbol definition. The sources of GML ontological knowledge and the contribution of each source to the overall ontology are described in this paper. In the second phase, the prepared GML is used to create a prototype of the mixed maritime information as a base map - for tagging documents within the maritime domain. An overview of this prototype is included. One application area for these information elements described here is the integrated retrieval of maritime information from diverse sources, ranging from Web sites to nautical chart databases and text documents.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.9B
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• pp.1713-1720
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• 1999

This paper presents a new key frame extraction technique, for scene change detection, using the proposed AHIM (Accumulative Histogram Intersection Measure) from the DC image constructed by DCT DC coefficients in the compressed video sequence that is video compression standard such as MPEG. For fast content-based browsing and video retrieval in a video database, we also provide a novel coarse-to-fine video indexing scheme. In the extracted key frame, we perform the region segmentation as a preprocessing. First, the segmented image is projected with the horizontal direction, then we transform the result into a histogram, which is saved as a database index. In the second step, we calculate the moments and change them into a distance value. From the simulation results, the proposed method clearly shows the validity and superiority in respect of computation time and memory space, and that in conjunction with other techniques for indexing, such as color, can provide a powerful framework for image indexing and retrieval.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.719-727
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• 2011

Botulism is a neuroparalytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum, which produces seven (A-G) antigenically diverse neurotoxins (BoNTs). BoNTs are the most poisonous substances known to humans, with a median lethal dose ($LD_{50}$) of approximately 1 ng/kg of body weight. Owing to their extreme potency and lethality, they have the potential to be used as a bioterrorism agent. The mouse bioassay is the gold standard for the detection of botulinum neurotoxins; however, it requires at least 3-4 days for completion. Attempts have been made to develop an ELISA-based detection system, which is potentially an easier and more rapid method of botulinum neurotoxin detection. The present study was designed using a synthetic gene approach. The synthetic gene encoding the catalytic domain of BoNT serotype B from amino acids 1-450 was constructed with PCR overlapping primers (BoNT/B LC), cloned in a pQE30 UA vector, and expressed in an E. coli M15 host system. Recombinant protein production was optimized at 0.5 mM IPTG final concentration, 4 h post induction, resulting in a maximum yield of recombinant proteins. The immunogenic nature of the recombinant BoNT/B LC protein was evaluated by ELISA. Antibodies were raised in BALB/c mice using various adjuvants. A significant rise in antibody titer (p<0.05) was observed in the Alum group, followed by the Titermax Classic group, Freund's adjuvant, and the Titermax Gold group. These developed high-titer antibodies may prove useful for the detection of botulinum neurotoxins in food and clinical samples.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.512-521
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• 2017

Telemetry ground station use very high gain directional antenna systems that are sensitive to interference from other RF communication systems, Without appropriate interference protection, these systems could be severely impacted or even rendered useless for mission support. In ECC, we suggested ans interference analysis method between LTE-TDD system and telemetry ground station using 2.3GHz. In this paper, based on the interference analysis scenario considered in Electronic Communication Committee, We have derived mutual coexistence separation distance between telemetry ground station and LTE-TDD system(Base station, User equipment) in Spatial domain.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.449-455
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• 2004

This paper presents a novel defect detection method for one chip RF front end with fault detection circuits using input matching measurement. We present a BIST circuit using 40.25{\mu}m$ CMOS technology. We monitor the input transient voltage of the RF front end to differentiate faulty and fault-free RF front end. Catastrophic as well as parametric variation fault models are used to simulate the faulty response of the RF front end. This technique has several advantages with respect to the standard approach based on current test stimulus and frequency domain measurement. Because DUT and fault detection circuits are implemented in the same chip, this test technique only requires use of digital voltmeter (RMS meter) and RF voltage source generator for simpleand inexpensive testing.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3407-3411
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• 2015

In the process of extending the UML model for a various domain, comply with the UML metamodel and it is possible to obtain a number of advantages. However, the UML metamodel is necessary to redefine the diagram must be defined via the Profile in order to expand and transformation the UML metamodel from a variety of sources using the UML metamodel is becoming increase massive scale. it is necessary to use only those extracts the element relative to the target to be used to extend a UML metamodel. Used to re-define the extension of the UML Metamodel and Profile based UML modeling tools and metadata repositories by analysis tools, can develop more quickly and easily, by utilizing these tools can improve the quality of development in the SW industry. In this paper, we present an algorithm that of the profile through the expansion of the UML metamodel and shows the results in actually applying e-government standards framework.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.11
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• pp.2786-2800
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• 1997

In this paper, we investigate how well the channel memory (statistical dependence in the occurrence of transmission errors) can be used in the evaluation of widely used error control schemes. For this we assume a special case named as the simplest Markovian block-error pattern with two states, in which each block is classified into two classes of whether the block transmission is in error or not. We apply the derived pattern to the performance evaluation of the practical link-level procedures, LAPB/D/M with multi-reject options, and investigate both throughput and user-perceived response time behaviors on the discrete-time domain to determine how much the performance of error recovery action is improved under burst error condition. Through numerical examples, we show that the simplest Markovian block-error pattern tends to be superior in throughput and delay characteristics to the random error case. Also, instead of mean alone, we propose a new measure of the response time specified as mean plus two standard deviations 50 as to consider user-perceived worst cases, and show that it results in much greater sensitivity to parameter variations than does mean alone.