• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 1998

Rotifer culture fed on five types of artificial microparticle diets were evaluated to substitute the natural diets such as Chlorella or w-yeast. These microparticle diets including solidified blood using squid oil (SBSO), solidified blood using soybean oil (SBSB), nylon protein walled particle (NPW) simple coacervation oil capsule (SCO), complex coacervation oil capsule(CCO), were tested for the evaluation of feeding efficiency. The prepared micro particle diets had diameters ranging from 3 to 30 Jim. Rotifer culturing experiments were carried out in 3-liter beakers for 13-16 days. The initial inoculum density of rotifers was 10 ind./ml. The rotifers fed on Chlorella or $\omega-yeast$ showed maximal densities of 2,000 ind./ml in 9 days or 500 ind./ml in 7 days, respectively. Those fed on SBSO, SBSB or NPW showed maximal densities of 1568 ind./ml, 586 ind./ml or 503 ind./ml, respectively and the reproductive rates for those diets were equivalent to or better than w-yeast. However, the coacervated oil capsule showed lower maximal densities of 400 ind./ml for SCO and less than 100 ind./ml for CCO due to the unbalanced diet formulation and indigestibility.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2003

The pork quality was determined with following treatments. The meat samples were obtained from pigs which had been fed finishing pig diets containing 5% beef tallow(Control), 3% beef tallow and 2% perillar seed oil(T1), 250 ppm vitamin E(a-tocopheryl acetate) in T1(T2), 3% beef tallow and 2% squid viscera oil(T3), 250 ppm vitamin E in T3(T4), 3% beef tallow and 2% CLA(Conjugated linoleic acid, T5). T1 had the lowest sarcomere length, salt solubility and total protein contents among the treatments. Salt solubility and total protein content of T2 and T4 which had been fed diets containing Vit. E were higher than those of T1 and T3 which had not been fed diets without Vit. E. pH and water holding capacity(WHC) values of control were higher than those of T1, T3 and T5, while WHC of T2 and T4 was higher than those of T1, T3 and T5. The hunter L value of meat and a value of fat showed higher in T5 than those in control, T, T3. The adhesiveness of T3 and the springiness of T5 in cooked meat showed higher level than other treatments.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.445-450
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of dietary lipid sources on growth performance and body composition of juvenile far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. Three replicate groups of fish (average weight 3.6 g) were fed with one of the following experimental diets containing 10% beef tallow (BT), 5% BT plus 5% corn oil (CO), 5% BT plus 5% linseed oil (LO), or 5% BT plus 5% squid liver oil (SO) as the lipid source for 5 weeks. No significant difference was observed in the survival among groups. The weight gain of fish fed the LO (high in 18:3n-3) and SO (high in n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid) diets was significantly higher than that of the fish fed the CO (high in 18:2n-6) and BT diets (P<0.05). The feed efficiency of fish fed LO and SO diets was significantly higher than that of the fish fed the BT diet (P<0.05), but not significantly different from that of the fish fed the CO diet. The protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the SO diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CO and BT diets (P<0.05), but not significantly different from that of fish fed the LO diet. The 18:1n-9 of whole-body polar lipid fraction in fish fed the BT diet increased compared to that of fish fed the other diets. Fish fed the CO and LO diets had significantly higher contents of 18:2n-6 and 20:4n-6, and 18:3n-3, than the fish fed the other diets in polar and non-polar lipid fractions, respectively (P<0.05). Significantly higher contents of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 were observed in the whole-body polar lipid fraction of fish fed the SO diet compared with fish fed the other diets (P<0.05). The study results indicate that linseed oil and squid liver oil containing n-3 fatty acids are good dietary lipid sources for the growth of far eastern catfish.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 1992

This study was aimed to observe dose-response effects of squid liver oil enriched in n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFA) on the metabolism of streptozotocint(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In this experiment, 24 STZ-induced diabetic male rats of Sprague Dawley strain were divided into 4 groups and fed for 4 weeks with basal diet(0%). 33%,67% and 100% squid liver oil(SLO) of total fat content, and 6 normal rats were fed with 0% SLO diet at the same time. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Rat group fed with 33% SLO diet showed the least body weight loss and changes in blood glucose, while ones of 100% SLO diet showed the highest level. 2. Serum total protein and ratio of albumin to globulin of all the groups were below the standard level, but did not show significantly different among diet groups. 3. Serum creatinine concentration of all the groups were stayed whthin normal range, but BUN were 3 to 4 times higher than normal rats. BUN concentration of rats fed with 0% and 33% SLO diet was significantly lower than those of others. 4. Total-cholesterol level of serum increased in all the groups except 33% SLO diet, but since HDL-chol, levels and TG concentration went up with an incerase of SLO in the diets, the ratio of HDL-chol. to total-chol, of rats fed with 67% and 100% SLO diet showed higher than those with 0%, and 33% SLO, and TG concentration of rats fed with 67% and 100% SLO diet decreased significantly.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.361-364
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• 2004

EPA and DHA extracted from methyl esterified squid oil were purified by silver exchanged resin, silver nitrate-impregnated silica gel, silver exchanged zeolite, and silica gel column chromatography, among which column chromatography using mixture of silver exchanged resin and silica gel (10% by weight) showed the best result. By this simple purification method, EPA and DHA were concentrated from 12.5 to 27.9% (yield, 86,0%) and from 21.7 to 49.5% (yield, 87.3%), respectively. Silver exchanged resin had additional advantages of outstanding reusability and simple recovery of silver.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.696-703
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• 1994

To utilize waste of squid effectively, antioxidant properities of squid viscera were elucidated. Major fatty acids of total lipid, neutral lipid and phospholipid were $C_{16:0},\;C_{18:1}\;and\;C_{20:5},\;C_{22:6}$ and consisted $63{\sim}71\%$ of total fatty acids. Total lipid did not show significant antioxidant activity when added to the fish oil at the concentration below $5.0\%$, Antioxidant activity of hexane extract was lower than total lipid or tetra carbon chloride-methanol($CCl_4-MeOH$) extract. Extracts with $CCl_4-MeOH$ exerted higher antioxidant activity as the methanol ratio was increased, suggesting that polar lipid plays and important role.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2003

All diets were based on feeds of fattening period pigs(LY x D, ca. 90 kg) with six treatments, which were the control, containing 5% beef tallow(C), 3% beef tallows and 2% perilla seeds oil(T1), 250 ppm vit. E(${\alpha}$-tocopheryl acetate) in T1(T2), 3% beef tallow and 2% squid viscera oil(T3), 250 ppm vit. E in T3(T4), and 3% beef tallow and 2% CLA(T5), respectively. Produced porks and their carcass characteristics were as follows. The daily gain of pigs was higher in T2 and 73 than any other treatments(p<0.05). Its T2 and T3 was 3.71 and 3.80 respectively, however, there was no significance in feed intake. The highest back fat thickness was shown in control group on market weight, while there was no significant difference on their initial weight. Loin-eye muscle area did not show any significant difference on initial weight and on market weight, however, its T5 was about twice as large as T2's. Content of triglyceride in blood was high in control group as compared to others; especially, the values for T3, T4 and T5 were significantly low(p <0.05). There was no significant difference in total cholesterol contents, and the ratio of HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol was higher in vit. E treated samples than untreated sample. Atherogenic index was high in sample with T3 and low in sample with T2. The perilla seed oil, squid fish oil, and vit. E decreased atherogenic index. Dressing percentage, back fat thickness, and grade did not show any significant difference(p >0.05); however, T2, C and T3, T1 and T5 showed 4.67, 4.29, 4.00 respectively, in grades.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.227-235
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• 2003

The results were obtained from pigs which had been fed finishing pig diets containing 5% beef tallow(C) as control and 2% perilla seed oil(Tl), 3% beef tallow and 2% squid viscera oil(T2), 3% beef tallow and 2% CLA(conjugated linoleic acid, T3). All porks were stored at 1$^{\circ}C$ for 28 days. pH value of control group was higher than other treatments. Water holding capacity(WHC) did not show any significant difference among treatments, however, WHC of C and T3 was increased as storage days increased. Protein solubility of T3 was higher than the other treatments, but that of all groups increased up to 14 days of storage and then decreased. The a* value of C was higher than the others, but b* value was low on 28 days of storage. Volatile base nitrogen(VBN) value of T3 showed the highest level, but that of Tl was the lowest. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) of T2 and T3 were' higher than those of C and Tl. In sensory analysis, meat color and overall acceptability of C were higher than those of the other treatments in raw meat, and meat appearance was higher than level in Tl.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.79-87
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• 2011

A fishing lamp is fishing gear to gather fish in the night. But the cost of oil which is used to a light fishing lamp, goes significantly up to almost one hundred million won for 50 tonnage vessels and forty million won in case of vessels less than 10 tonnages. This cost has almost taken 30.40% of total fishing costs. As oil price increases, the business condition of the fishery gets worse and worse. Therefore, it is very urgent to develop an economical fishing lamp, to solve the problem of fishery's business difficulty. This research aims at developing a fishing lamp for squid jigging fishery and hairtail angling fishery using the LED, which has excellent efficiency and durability. One fishing lamp has about 160Watt capacity and five fishing lamps are installed one aluminium panel in which sea water flows to emit generated heat from LED to outside. Developed fishing lamp lights to an effective direction of jigging and angling operation. This fishing lamp can be controlled to light the direction of fish shoal because the aluminium panel can be controlled to up and down direction. The wave length of fishing lamp has white and blue color. White color light is to gather fish shoal of horizontal direction and blue color light is to gather fish shoal of vertical direction. After development of this fishing lamp, 60.110 units are established on the boat, and operated fishing. Consequently, in the case of squid jigging, spent energy was reduced to 39%, in the case of hairtail angling, 68% of spent energy was reduced. And the catch was more than another boat.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 2009

The fishing lamp is a fishing gear that gathers fish at night. But the cost of oil, which is used to light fishing lamp, has been risen significantly up to 30-40% of total fishing costs. Therefore it is very urgent to develop an energy economical fishing lamp in order to solve the business difficulties of fisheries. Under this background, this research aims at developing a fishing lamp for squid jigging and hairtail angling fishery using the LED, which has excellent energy efficiency and durability. The LED fishing lamp developed can be controlled to fix a fit direction of fish shoal deep because a fishing lamp can be adjustable up and down directions. One unit of fishing lamp has about an 80Watt capacity and the frame of fishing lamp is made of aluminium to emit generated heat of LED to outside. The LED lamp developed was highly durable, only 5.7% of emitting efficiency decreased for 18 months. The illuminance of a unit LED lamp was 2,070lux at 1m and 21lux at 10 m distance, and the intensity of LED lamp system emitted 2,580lux and 400lux at the respective distances. After development of this fishing lamp, 100 units are installed on operating fishing vessels. Experimental results show that energy consumption of squid jigging and hairtail angling was reduced by 40% and 87%, respectively. In conclusion, our methods showed elevated fishing power, compared with traditional fishing method: 37.7% for squid jigging and 24.5% for hairtail angling.