• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.96-104
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• 2017

Objective: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in sibling oocytes. Additionally, we evaluated whether the implementation of split insemination contributed to an increase in the number of ICSI procedures. Methods: A total of 571 cycles in 555 couples undergoing split insemination cycles were included in this study. Among them, 512 cycles (89.7%) were a couple's first IVF cycle. The patients were under 40 years of age and at least 10 oocytes were retrieved in all cycles. Sibling oocytes were randomly allocated to IVF or ICSI. Results: Total fertilization failure was significantly more common in IVF cycles than in ICSI cycles (4.0% vs. 1.4%, p<0.05), but the low fertilization rate among retrieved oocytes (as defined by fertilization rates greater than 0% but < 30%) was significantly higher in ICSI cycles than in IVF cycles (17.2% vs. 11.4%, p<0.05). The fertilization rate of ICSI among injected oocytes was significantly higher than for IVF ($72.3%{\pm}24.3%$ vs. $59.2%{\pm}25.9%$, p<0.001), but the fertilization rate among retrieved oocytes was significantly higher in IVF than in ICSI ($59.2%{\pm}25.9%$ vs. $52.1%{\pm}22.5%$, p<0.001). Embryo quality before embryo transfer was not different between IVF and ICSI. Although the sperm parameters were not different between the first cycle and the second cycle, split insemination or ICSI was performed in 18 of the 95 cycles in which a second IVF cycle was performed. Conclusion: The clinical outcomes did not differ between IVF and ICSI in split insemination cycles. Split insemination can decrease the risk of total fertilization failure. However, unnecessary ICSI is carried out in most split insemination cycles and the use of split insemination might make ICSI more common.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.43
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• pp.314-358
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• 2008

This study examined how the meaning of news stories covering the split of national opinion was constructed in the media to represent social conflicts. To clarify the function of the term 'split of national opinion' as an ultimate term, this study examined the meaning of the term in the context of both text and society. Ten newspapers were included in the content analysis. The frequency of words used for the purpose of metaphor and equivalent in describing the split of national opinion was calculated to determine their meaning in the textual context. The frequency of incidents and subjects involved in allegedly causing the split of national opinion was calculated to determine their meaning in the social context. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, the term 'split of national opinion' was coined by the newspapers as a metaphor of disease, disaster, and cost. The attitudes or the ways in which the split of national opinion was dealt with were generally negative and passive. Second, the term 'split of national opinion' was dealt with an equivalent status of such terms as national policy, national loss, societal problems, and ideology. Third, each newspaper reported that the split of national opinion had been caused by certain subjects, which indicates that each newspaper had its own position of viewing who was the key player in splitting the national opinion. The implication was also discussed that the use of the ultimate term would incur the unbalance of power between participants and the existing players, which would make individuals or groups who were involved in the social actions excluded and make the newspapers exercise the rhetorical power as news media.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2017

In this paper, we implement a spatial big data analysis prototype based on Spark which is an in-memory system and compares the performance by the spatial split algorithm on this basis. In cluster computing environments, big data is divided into blocks of a certain size order to balance the computing load of big data. Existing research showed that in the case of the Hadoop based spatial big data system, the split method by spatial is more effective than the general sequential split method. Hadoop based spatial data system stores raw data as it is in spatial-divided blocks. However, in the proposed Spark-based spatial analysis system, there is a difference that spatial data is converted into a memory data structure and stored in a spatial block for search efficiency. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an in-memory spatial big data prototype and a spatial split block storage method. Also, we compare the performance of existing spatial split algorithms in the proposed prototype. We presented an appropriate spatial split strategy with the Spark based big data system. In the experiment, we compared the query execution time of the spatial split algorithm, and confirmed that the BSP algorithm shows the best performance.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.245-251
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• 2020

From the perspectives of grammaticalization and corpus, the purpose of this study is to examine the motivation of the emergence of the split infinitives in American English and to discuss the justification of the split infinitives based on the corpus empirical data such as COHA and COCA. The formerly ungrammatical split infinitives in the form of [to + adverb + verb] are now definitely grammatical forms in Present Day English (PDE). The corpus-based data confirms the legitimacy of the split infinitives with the empirical reasons like clarifying sentences (i.e., disambiguation) or strongly focused readings. In addition, the split infinitives are natural consequences caused by the grammaticalization of an infinitival particle to and most crucially by the loss of verb movement. When verb movement to T position does not occur in infinitival clauses, the word order results in [to + AdvP + V], thus forming the split infinitives. The split infinitives are no longer a matter of discussion and will continue to increase in both formal and informal contexts as being definitely grammatical forms.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2011

This study was designed to determine the effect of season and split-sex feeding on performance, stress and carcass quality of finishing pigs. Two hundred and seventy cross-bred finishing pigs $(82.1{\pm}0.82kg)$ were randomly divided into six groups in 2 seasons (summer and winter) ${\times}$ 3 split-sex feeding (female only, castrated male and mixed) factorial arrangement of treatments. In winter, feed intake and weight gain of finishing pigs were better than summer (p<0.05). Split-sex feeding was affected the feed conversion, feed conversion of finishing pigs were superior in winter and mixed groups. Plasma concentrations of cortisol as a stress indicators was greater in the mixed groups vs female only and castrated male groups. There were no interactions between the season and split-sex feeding in their effects on these blood variables. The season was affected the carcass characteristics and PSE incidence of the finishing pigs, PSE incidence was low in winter and mixed groups. Meat quality did not show any significant difference due to the difference of season and split-sex feeding of finishing pigs. There was no significant difference in the pH, drip loss and meat color of pork loin between the season and split-sex feeding of finishing pigs. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that we need more precise on-farm management practice in summer and application of split-sex feeding skills to reduce the stress and improve welfare status of finishing pigs.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the suitable conditions for seed germination of Rosa davurica PALL. In the characteristics of the fruit and seed of Rosa davurica, fruit length and width was 1.3cm and 0.9cm , respectively, and seed number was eighty-nine. Artificial and low temperature storage at 4$^{\circ}C$ increased the rate of split achene pericarp until 46.6% and storage at 15$^{\circ}C$ incubator decreased the rate of split achene pericarp (10.5%). The rate of seed germination of split achene pericarp in control at 15$^{\circ}C$ was 90% and of non-split achene in GA$_3$100ppm at 15$^{\circ}C$ was 36.8%. Average germination day of split achene pericarp seeds in GA$_3$150ppm at 2$0^{\circ}C$ was 4.2 days and non-split achene pericarp in GA$_3$100ppm at 2$0^{\circ}C$ was 7.3 days. Seed germination was not different between various concentrations of GA$_3$ treatments in split achene pericarp seeds but the rate of germination was more reduced in high concentration of 200ppm. Only the treatments of GA$_3$ was increased germination rate at 4$^{\circ}C$ and immature seed of Rosa davurica.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.478-485
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• 2013

This paper focuses on the design and control of a new concept for wind turbines with a planetary gearbox to realize a power split. This concept, where the generated wind power is split into two parts, is to increase the utilization of the wind power and may be particularly suitable for large scale off-shore wind turbines. In order to reduce the cost of the power electronic devices, a synchronous generator, which is driven by the planetary gear, is directly connected to the power grid without electronic converter. A servo drive, which functions as the control actuator, is connected to the power grid by a power electronic converter. With small scale power electronic device, the current harmonics can also be reduced. The speed of the main shaft is controlled to track the optimal tip speed ratio. Meanwhile the speed of the synchronous generator is controlled to stay at the synchronous speed. The minimum rated power of the servo motor and the converter, is studied and discussed in this paper. Different variants of the wind turbine with a planetary gear are also compared. The controller for optimal tip speed ratio and synchronous speed tracking is given.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.1443-1445
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a exclusive-OR TCP coding technic imply with TCP Hybla on split PEP for enhancing the file transfer speed of the satellite communication. To evaluate performance of the proposed method, we set up a test-bed of satellite communication network. As a result of the performance evaluation, the file transmission speed enhanced more than 12% within high packet loss range. Therefore, we can expect that the proposed methodology could contribute to enhancing of data transmission speed in the satellite communication.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.114-121
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• 2007

In this study, a modified reverse flow type, one of the triple effect absorption cycles, is studied for performance improvement. The cycle simulation is carried out by using EES(Engineering Equation Solver) program for the working fluid of $H_2O/LiBr$ solution. The split-ratios of solution flow rate, UA of each component, pumping mass flow rate of solution are considered as key parameters. The results show that the optimal SRH (split ratio of high side) and SRL (split ratio of low side) values are 0.596 and 0.521, respectively. Under these conditions, the COP is maximized to 2.1. The optimal pumping mass flow rate is selected as 3 kg/s and the corresponding UAEV A is 121 kW/K in the present system. The present simulation results are compared to the other literature results from Kaita's (2002) and Cho's (1998) triple effect absorption systems. The present system has a lower solution temperature and a higher COP than the Kaita's modified reverse flow, and it also gives a higher COP than the Cho's parallel flow by adjusting split ratios.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 2015

Backgrounds: The purpose of this study was to compare full thickness skin graft with inguinal skin to split thickness skin graft for coverage of the radial forearm free flap donor site. Patients and Methods: 25 patients who was reconstructed with radial forearm free flap for head and neck cancer were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The graft loss rates of full thickness skin graft were less than split thickness skin graft or split thickness skin graft with dermal substitutes. The recovery times of donor site and skin graft donor site of full thickness skin graft were also shorter than split thickness skin graft or split thickness skin graft with dermal substitutes. Skin texture and aesthetic results of donor site were improved and complications as itching and pain sensation were decreased. Conclusion: Full thickness skin grafts with inguinal skin should be considered for patients requiring a radial forearm free flap.