• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.683-689
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• 2001

In order to study the anti-stress effect of hyangbujapalmultang, several measures of stress, including body weight changes, organ weight changes and catecholamine changes. The following result have been obtained: 1. The weight loss of contol group was $28.5{\pm}1.8g$, that of sample group was $20.3{\pm}1.6g$. This differance was statistcally significant. 2.The organ weight(Liver,Spleen,Kidney,Adrenal gland) was the only significant change in the spleen, in sample group comparing to control group. 3. The norepinephrine contents of control group was $695.5{\pm}22.7pg/ml$, that of sample group was $607.4{\pm}21.7pg/ml$. This shows significant difference in sample group comparing to contol group. 4. The epinephrine contents of control group was $212.8{\pm}9.8pg/ml$, that of sample group was $182.6{\pm}8.4pg/ml$. This shows significant differance in sample group comparing to control group. 5. The dopamine contents of control group was $504.5{\pm}31.3$, that of sample group was $463.4{\pm}27.8pg/ml$. This shows the value decreased, but none of it is significant. Based on avove results, it may be conculed that hyangbujapalmultang has anti-stress effects.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 1992

In Nan-Gyung, showed that could know the lung condition taking pulse with the weight of three beans, the heart condition taking pulse with the weight of six beans, the spleen condition taking pulse with the weight of nine beans, the liver condition taking pulse with the weight of twelve beans, the kidney condition pressing to bone(骨). This theory is first suggested in Nan-Gyung(難經). In those case, the weight of three, six, nine, twelve beans and pressing to bone don't mean not the real weight but the relative weight(輕重) of taking pulse(按脈). In other words, those represent Boo Jung Chin(浮中沈), which are the conception of the upper, the meddle, the lower part(上中下). So, we could take pulse of the heart and the lung condition in Boo(浮), the spleen condition in Jung(中), and the liver and the kidney condition in Chim(沈). The heart and the lung pulse showed in the Boo(float level) must be seen with Boo-Mack(부맥 : float pulse), the liver and the kidney pulse showed in Chim (sinklevel) must be seen also with Chin-Mack(沈脈 : sink pulse). The result of the method of taking pulse of viscera with relative weight focused on the as pect of mornal pulse(平脈) and disease pulse(病脈) of five viscera in Mack-Gyung publeshed later than Nan-Gyung and special works which made a comprehensive survey the result is as follow. 1. In normal pulse of five viscera, the heart and the lunk pulse were shown with Boo-Mack(浮脈:float pulse) as the central figure, the liver's and the kidney's pulse were shown centering around Chim-Mack(沈脈: sink pulse) and the spleen's pulse was shown with Wan-Mack(緩脈) which is vital force of stomach(胃氣) and seen in only middle part. 2. In disease pulse of five viscera, frequently, the heart and the lung pulse was shown as Chim-Mack(sink pulse), the liver and the kidney pulse was seen as Boo-Mack (float pulse). 3. In the case of normal pulse. the method of taking pulse with relative weight in Nan-Gyung agree with the normal pulse of five viscera in Mack-Gyung. But in the case of disease pulse, they didn't correspond with the other. 4. So the method of taking pulse with relative weight in Nan-Gyung is not the exam pulse which ca be used in the clinical diagnosis but one of the feeling pulse way to bring in the conception of location of the visceras. 5. From now on, the method of taking pulse rdlated to relative weight need to be looked into minutely compared with later physician's theory than Mack-Gyung.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.3-12
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• 1993

This study was performed to investigate effects of dietary fat content and degree of saturation on the function of the immune system. Sixty male BALB/c mice average-weighing 17g were divided into three dietary groups: 5% safflower oil group, 20% safflower oil group, 19.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil group. Food intake and body weight were measured every day. At 4th, 7th, 10th week after dietary treatment, organ weight measurements, delayed-type hypersensitivity test, plaque forming cell test, agglutination test, differential white cell count and histological examination of spleen were performed. Results are follows; 1) Body weight, food intake and calorie intake were not different in the three dietary groups during the experimental period($\alpha$=0.05). 2) Liver weight was significantly higher in 5% safflower oil group($\alpha$=0.05). Spleen index was slightly higher in mice fed 5% safflower oil and 19.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil. Thymus index in all mice was decreased by aging. 3) Delayed-type hypersensitivity of the mice fed 5% safflower oil and 19.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil was significantly higher than that of the mice fed 20% safflower oil. 4) The number of plaque forming cell was significantly reduced at 10th week compared to 7th week in all group($\alpha$=0.05). Although there was no difference in plaque forming cell among three groups at 10th week, 5% safflower oil group showed slightly higher plaque forming cell than 20% safflower oil group at 7th week. 5) At 4th week, agglutination test seems to be higher in 5% safflower oil group and 19.3% beef tallow & 0.7% safflower oil group compared to 20% safflower oil group. 6) Percentage of neutrophil and eosinophil was slightly reduced in 20% safflower oil group. 7) Spleen tissue was not affected by and dietary treatments. According to our results, the higher the fat content & unsaturation of the diet the lower the cell-mediated immunity of the mice. Humoral-immunity did not appear to be affected by the dietary manipulation. However humoral-immunity was decreased significantly by aging in all dietary groups.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2022

Objectives : Green gram (mung bean) has a cold nature and has been known to detoxify against various side effects that belong to hot in nature. In particular, since it has the effect of detoxifying fever and detoxification to treat swelling, it was also used externally to treat febrile dermatological diseases such as erysipelas and rubella. This study was designed to determine whether green gram exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on contact dermatitis in mice. Methods : We investigated the effects of green gram extract (70% ethanol extract) on skin lesion, skin thickness and weights, melanin and erythema index and spleen body weight ratio in mice with contact dermatitis induced by repeated application of 1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Results : Topical application of green gram extract ameliorates skin lesions of contact dermatitis such as scale and roughness induces by 1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. green gram extract also suppressed enlargement of skin thicknesses and weights significantly. In addition, green gram extract treatment also lowered erythema index significantly compared to those in the control group. In the histopathological observation, green gram extract prevented epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis in inflamed tissues. Finally, green gram extract did not affect changes in body weights and the spleen body weight ratio, unlike dexamethasone, which significantly prevented body weight gain and lowered the spleen body weight ratio. Conclusions : These results imply that green gram, which is known to have a detoxifying effect in Korean medicine, can be used in the treatment of contact dermatitis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary zinc on immune response in mice. Weanling male mice was placed individually in stainless steel cages and fed a zinc dificient diet and control diet. All mice were given deionized water ad libitum. The introduction of extraneous zinc was minimized in all cage by washing feed jars and water bottles sequentially with 4mM EDTA and conc-nitiric acid followed by deionized water. After 4 and 5 weeks of the diets, mice were immunized with lx 106 Naegleria fowleri intraperitoneally. Mice were weighed once a week. The results from this study are summarized as followed ; 1) Mice fed the zinc dificient diet showed growth retardation. After 3 weeks of diets, mean body weight of zinc deficient mice was 21.4g and that of control was 25.0g. This difference is singnificant statistically (p<0.01). The more time passed, the more remarkable difference was found. 2) The weigth of organs were measured on liver, kidney, spleen, thymus, heart, lung, brain. Difference in weight were observed only in liver and spleen. 3) Proliferative response of spleen cells of zinc deficient mice to con A was lower than that of control mice after one week on immunization(p<0.005). 4) Stimulation index was lower in zinc deficient mice to phytohemagglutinin after two weeks on immunization (p<0.05). 5) Blastogenesis of speen cells of zinc deficient mice to Naegleria fowleric lysate was lower after 10 days on immunization (p<0.05). 6) Immunoglobulin G antribody titers of zinc deficient mice sera by ELISA was lowered to control mice after 5 weeks on immunization (p<0.005).

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.451-462
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• 2018

Hubakmawhang-tang (HMT), listed in Geumgweyoryak, is an oriental medicine used for the symptoms of asthma, such as cough and dyspnea. In this study, we investigated the HMT effects on ovalbumin-induced asthmatic in mice. We examined weight changes, airway hyperresponsiveness, histopathological abnormalities, immune cell infiltrations, immunoglobulin and inflammatory cytokine levels, and spleen body weight ratios in asthmatic mice. HMT inhibited airway hyperresponsiveness, immune cell infiltration, and airway remodeling and caused a significant lowering of serum IgE and IgG1 levels. The asthmatic mice had elevated IL-4 levels in lung tissue and this elevation was effectively prevented by HMT. HMT did not cause changes in body weight or in the spleen body weight ratio. Therefore, HMT might have an anti-asthmatic effect in the ovalbumin-induced mouse model.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.349-355
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• 2006

Dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DXM) has been widely used as a nonopioid antitussive drug with low toxicity and low potential for drug dependency. DXM is a psychotropic drug since 2003 in our country. This study was performed to investigate the immunotoxicity induced by abuse of DXM. Mice were orally exposed to DXM dissolved in saline as concentration of 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg b.w. before (day-2) or after (day+2) immunization (OVA-antigen, day 0). Thereafter, we measured the increased rate of body weight, relative weight of organ (thymus, spleen, liver, kidney) and OVA-specific IgM level in sera. In addition, mouse splenocytes were exposed to various concentration of DXM $(0.001{\sim}100{\mu}M)$ and cultured with B cell mitogen (LPS) and splenocytes proliferations (SP) were measured by MTT-assay. Thymus-weight were slightly changed on day 9 after administration of DXM, but body-, spleen-, liver-, and kidney-weight were not different between control group and DXM-treated group. SP to LPS were significantly decreased at high concentration $(100{\mu}M)$ when compared with controls. When DXM was administered before or after immunization with OVA-antigen, OVA-specific IgM levels were significantly lowered in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that DXM nay depress the primary humoral immune response to the initial antigenic challenge.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.162-166
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• 1996

This study was done to investigate whether cholic acid derivatives have anti-stress activity and what is a cause of this anti-stress effect. Seven cholic acid derivatives (cholic acid, taurocholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, tauroursodeoxychoic acid, chenodeoxy cholic acid, dehydrocholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid) were used, silymarin and valproic acid were used as positive controls. Stress was induced by restraint immobilization technique plus water immersion (24hrs) and adrenal weight, spleen weight, adrenal ascorbic acid, serum cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), adrenal cholesterol, glucose and corticosterone levels were measured as stress indicators. Most cholic acid derivatives markedly decreased the adrenal weight, and TUDCA and DHCA increased the spleen weight. The restraint stress induced increments in serum LDH, ALP and cholesterol were attenuated by most cholic acid derivatives. Cholic acid, taurocholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid only increased the content of adrenal ascorbate. While valproic acid showed an inhibitory effect against stress, silymarin did not. Our findings suggest that most cholic acid derivatives have anti-stress effect and that their anti-stress effect is, in part, related to choleretic activity.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.43-45
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• 2001

비위의 허한증에 사용하는 이중탕(理中湯)을 비위허한증 환자에 사용하여 체중조절에 도움이 되었기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.56-73
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• 2002

Objective : We need to develop a new treatment method which can curve cancer growth and enhance immunity of patients with various kinds of cancer more safely and effectively, for conventional anticancer treatment has lots of problems to be overcomed, in other words, Its efficacy can be recognizible but it doesn't actually give aid to patients due to its side effects. This study was taken up to evaluate the anticancer and immune-enhancing effect of Scutellariae Barbatae Herba, Alli bulbus, Oldenlandiae Herba(SAO) Herbal acupuncture. Methods : SAO Herbal acupuncture solution was made from Scutellariae Barbatae Herba, Alli bulbus, Oldenlandiae Herba by decoction. Experimental group was divided into normal(N), control(TC, cancer group induced by S 180), high and low concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group. In the high and low concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group, SAO Herbal acupuncture solution was injected, on the left and right Chok-samni(足三里, ST36) of ICR-male S 180 rats alternatively, by 200mg/kg and 100mg/kg respectively. In vitro, S 180 was cultured with $200{\mu}g$ and $500{\mu}g$ of SAO Herbal acupuncture solution. In each experimental group, we examined the effect of SAO complex Herbal acupuncture on body weight, antitumor, organ weight, activity of macrophage, activity of B cell, spleen cell division, IL-2 production and population of lymphocytes. Results : 1. In Body weight, no significant change was shown, but In solid cancer weight, the high concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group showed signigicant(P<0.05) decrease and significant(P<0.05) increase in the weight of kidney, compared with control group. 2. In activity of macrophage, low concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group showed significant(P<0.01) increase, but in vitro, there was no significant increase, compared with control group. 3. In activity of B cell, high and low concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group showed no significant decrease, but in vitro, low concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group showed significant(P<0.01) increase, compared with control group. 4. In spleen cell division, high and low concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group had no significant influence on spleen cell division induced by Co A, meanwhile, it was found that macrophge promote spleen cell division in low concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group(P<0.05), compared with control group. 5. In IL-2 production, high concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group showed significant((P<0.05) increase, compared with control group. 6. In population of lymphocytes, high concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group showed significant increase of CD3+(P<0.05), CD4+(P<0.05), CD3+ and CD4+ T cell(P<0.01) and B cell(P<0.05), while low concentration SAO complex Herbal acupuncture group showed significant increase of CD4+(P<0.05), CD8+ T cell(P<0.05) and B cell(P<0.01), compared with control group. Conclusion : SAO Herbal acupuncture inhibited cancer growth and enhanced immunity.