• KSBB Journal
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1992

항체 유도 염증 반응인 항체 매개형 과민 반응과 지연형 과민 반응은 족척 두께가 다당류에 의해 거의 정상 수준까지 회복되었다. anilline으로 유도한 methemoglobin의 함량도 거의 차이가 없었다. PFC/spleen cell과 PEC/$10^5$ slpeen cell의 경우 다소 증가를 나타내었으나, PEC는 뚜렷한 증가나 감소를 나타내지 않았으며, 적혈구 응집소가는 다소 증가하였으나 적혈구 용혈소가는 거의 차이가 없었다. 마우스의 plasma corticosterone의 농도는 사육실 및 다당류 투여에 따른 stress요소는 거의 없었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.584-589
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• 2006

Bifidobacteria has been suggested to exert health promoting effects on the host by maintaining microbial flora and modulating immune functions in the human intestine. We assessed modulatory effects of the different cell fractions of Bifidobacterium sp. BGN4 on macrophage cells and other immune cells from the spleen and Peyer's patches (PP) of mouse. Cell free extracts (CFE) of the BGN4 fractions induced well-developed morphological changes in the macrophages and increased the phagocytic activity more effectively than other fractions in the mouse peritoneal cells. Nitric oxide (NO) production was significantly reduced by both the cell walls (CW) and CFE in the cultured cells from the spleen and PP. The production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) was eminent in the spleen cells treated with experimental BGN4 cell fractions. However, in the PP cells, IL-6 was slightly decreased by the treatment with the whole cell (WC) and CW, whereas IL-10 was significantly increased by the treatment with the CW and CFE. These results suggest that different types of bifidobacterial cell fractions may have differential immunomodulatory activities depending on their location within the host immune system.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2012

Mycobacterial cell-wall skeleton (CWS) is an immunoactive and biodegradable particulate adjuvant and has been tried to use for immunotherapy. The CWS of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG-CWS) was studied as an universal vaccine vehicle for antigen conjugation, to develop potentially effective and safe vaccine. Although a variety of biological activities of BCG-CWS have been studied, the effects of BCG-CWS on spleen cells are not fully elucidated. Using MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion test, we found that BCG-CWS significantly enhanced the viability and proliferation of cells. Multiple clusters, indicating proliferation, were observed in BCG-CWS-treated spleen cells and surface marker staining assay revealed that BCG-CWS promoted the proliferation of $CD19^+$ B lymphocyte rather than $CD4^+$ or $CD8^+$ T lymphocyte. In addition, BCG-CWS up-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic molecules such as bcl-2, bcl-xL. BCG-CWS increased the surface expression of CD25 and CD69 as well as IL-2 production of spleen cells, suggesting increased activation. Furthermore, BCG-CWS enhanced the antigen-specific cell proliferation and interferon-gamma production of spleen cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate the immunostimulatory effects of BCG-CWS on spleen cells via multiple mechanisms, providing valuable information to broaden the use of BCG-CWS in clinical and research settings.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.257-276
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• 1998

Introduction The effects of Samchulkunbitang on the immunosuppression induced by methotrexate in rats were investigated in this experument. The multiple parameters of immunity assessed in each rats includes the rate of body weight loss, weight changes in thymus, spleen and axillary lymphnode. The number of lymphocytes and CD4+ T cell count in the blood, thymus, spleen and axillary lymphnode were also measured. Methodology Male Sprague-Dawley rats were chosen as an experiment object and were divided into 4 groups by a random selection. Each group consisted of 6 rats. The normal group didn't receive any treatment. The control group was administered with methotrexate for 5 days. The sample Ⅰ group was administered with Samchulkunbitang for 5 days. The sample Ⅱ group was administered with both Samchulkunbitang and methotrexate for 5 days. The dosage of medication was 2cc/day, 1cc given at 10 AM and another 1cc given at 5 PM. Results The rate of body weight loss was significantly increased in the Sample Ⅰ and Sample Ⅱ group. The weight of thymus and spleen were significantly increased in Sample Ⅰ and Sample Ⅱ groups While the weight of axillary lymphnode did not show much increase. No significant differences were measured among the experimental groups. Blood lymphocyte count, blood CD4+ T cell count, spleen lymphocyte count, axillary lymphnode lymphocyte and CD4+ T cell count were significantly increased in Sample Ⅰ and Sample Ⅱ groups while spleen CD4+ T cell count did not show much increase. No significant differences were measured among the experimental groups. Conclusion As one can witness from the above results, administration of Samchulkunbitang played potent role in increasing immune system among the rats treated with methotrexate which induces immunosuppression. Overall increase of lymphocyte count and CD4+ T cell count in the sample groups with Samchulkunbitang effectively proves its ability to boost the immune system.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.129-141
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• 1994

Intracellular ions which have a major role in cellular function have been reported to affect repair of radiation damage. Recently it has been reported that ouabain sensitizes A549 tumor cellls but not CCL-120 normal cells to radiation. Ouabain inhibits the $Na^+-K^+$-pump rapidly thus it increases intracellular Na concentration, Vanadate which is distributed extensively in almost all living organisms is known to be a $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase inhibitors, This study was performed to see any change in radiosensitivity of tumor cell by vanadate and any role of $Na^+-K^+$ATPase in radiosensitization. Experiments have been carried out by pretreatment with vanadate in human cell line(A549, JMG) and mouse cell line(L1210, spleen). For the cell survival MTT assay was performed for A549 and JMC cells and frypan blue dye exclusion test for L120, and spleen cells. Measurements of $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase activity in control, vanadate treated cell, radiation treated cell (9 Gy for A549 and JMG, 2 Gy for L1201, spleen), and combined $10^{-6}M$ vanadate and radiation treated cells were done. The results were summerized as fellows. 1. L1210 cell was most radiosensitive, and spleen cell and JMG cell were intermediate, and A549 cell was least radiosensitive. 2. Mininum or no cytotoxicity was seen with vanadate below concentration of $10^{-6}M$. 3. In A549 cells there was a little change in radiosensitivity with treatment of vanadate. However radiation sensitization was shown in low dose level of radiation i. e. 2- Gy. In JMG cells no change in radiosensitivity was noted. Both L1210 and spleen cell had radiosensitization but change was greater in tumor cell. 4. $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase activity was inhibited significantly in tumor cell by treatment of vanadate. 5. Radiaiton itself inhibited $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase activity of tumor cell with high $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase concention. Increase in radiosensitivity by vanadate was closely associated with orginal $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase contents. From the above results vanadate had little cytotoxicity and it sensitized tumor cells to radiation. Inhibitory effect of vanadate on $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase activity might be one of the contributing factors for radiosensitization to tumor cells which has greater enzyme activity than that of normal cell. It was suggested vanadate could be used as a potential radiosensitizer for tumor cells.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.581-589
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• 2006

These studies were investigated the effects of Gamicheungpyehwadam-tang (CPHDT) on immune-cell regulation in association with bronchial asthma in OVA-induced mouse model. The administration of 400 mg/kg CPHDT significantly reduced the number of total cells in lung, peripheral lymph node and spleen in OVA-induced bronchial asthma mouse model. The administration of 400 mg/kg CPHDT significantly reduced $CD3^+,{\;}CD19^+$and $CD3^+,{\;}CD69^+$ cell numbers separated from lung, peripheral lymph node and spleen in OVA-induced bronchial asthma mouse model. CPHDT significantly reduced $CD3^+/CCR3^+,{\;}CD4^+,{\;}B220^+/IgE^+$, and $CD3^+/DX5^+$ cell numbers separated from lung, peripheral lymph node and spleen in OVA-induced bronchial asthma mouse model in a dose dependent manner, However, CPHDT significantly reduced $CD8^+$ cell numbers from only lung and spleen. The administration of CPHDT significantly reduced $NK^+$ cell numbers separated from lung of OVA-induced bronchial asthma mouse model in all concentrations, but 200 mg/kg CPHDT reduced $NK^+$ cell numbers separated from peripheral lymph node. These results suggest that CPHDT has anti-asthma and anti-allergy effects. In addition to, CPHDT may be useful treatment of asthma based on the further studies about the individual efficacy search of the components of CPHDT and the adding of variety drugs to CPHDT.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.278-284
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• 1999

This study deals with the biological changes in mice after ${\gamma}-irradiated$. Four weeks old BALA/c mice were irradiated with 6.5Gy of ${\gamma}-ray$ on the fifth day after oral administration of radioprotectants such as ascorbic acid, tocopherol and cysteine. Control group was irradiated with 6.5Gy without pre-administration of radioprotectors. Blood cells and sperm cells were counted and body, testis and spleen were weighed 3 days after irradiation. And also liver antioxidant activity and range of spleen immune cells were measured. Differences in most biological parameters were not clearly distinguished between experimental groups. However, the relative spleen weight, the relative testis weight and the population size of spleen immune cells such as T helper cells, B cells and macrophages measured by means of FACS showed significant difference between irradiated and radioprotectant administered group. It is concluded that the relative spleen weight, the relative testis weight and the population size of spleen immune cells are easy and useful parameters for assessing the effect of radioprotective substances and for quantifying biological damage of radiation, as well.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

In review of "invigorating spleen and supplementing qi" of clinical and experimental studies on malignant tumor, we obtained the conclusions as follows 1. Asthenic splenic qi is an important factor in mutation, occurrence and development of tumor. 2. The anti-tumor mechanism of "invigorating spleen and supplementing qi" is improvement of immune suveillance, controling cell proliferating period and enhancing body metabolism. 3. "Invigorating spleen and supplementing qi" is often used with "nourishing kidney" or "expelling pathogen" for treating cnacer. 4. In experimental studies, "invigorating spleen and supplementing qi" has effects on inhibiting occurrence and development of tumor, protecting mutation, inhibiting recurrence and metastasis, immune activity, enhancing metabolism, promoting bone marrow hemopoietic cell proliferation, increasing anti-tumor effect and protecting normal cells. 5. In clinical studies, "invigorating spleen and supplementing qi" has effects on prolonging the survival period of cancer patients, improving clinical symptoms and quality of life of cancer patients, degrading the side effects of western therapie(operation, chemotherapy and radiotherapy). 6. "Invigorating spleen and supplementing qi" is an extensive discipline of syndrome differentiation used to inhibit occurence, development, recurrence and metastasis.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.453-460
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• 2000

Experimental studies were performed to investigate the effect of Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture on the growth of Melanoma 816 tissue and Mononuclear cell subsets in mice. The results are as follows : 1. In the study of lymphocytes numbers in mice circulating blood, Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture showed inhibitory effect, but without stastistical significance. 2. In the study of $CD4^+$ T cell percentage in mice circulating blood, Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture showed inhibitory effect, but without stastistical significance. 3. In the study of $CD8^+$ T cell percentage in mice circulating blood, Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture showed inhibitory effect, with stastistical significance. 4. in the study of lymphocytes numbers in mice spleen tissue, Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture showed inhibitory effect, but without stastistical significance. 5. In the study of $CD4^+$ T cell percentage in mice spleen tissue, Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture showed inhibitory effect, but without stastistical significance. 6. In the study of $CD8^+$ T cell percentage in mice spleen tissue, Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture showed inhibitory effect, but without stastistical significance. 7. In the measurement of melanoma tissue weight, Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture showed increasing effect, but without stastistical significance. According to above results, it is concluded that Houttuyniae herba Aqua-acupuncture is effective upon immune responses in Melanoma 816 inoculated mice.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.33-49
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was designed to elucidate the anti-pathogenetic and curative effects of Gyehyeoldeungbokhap-bang(Jixietengfuge-fang, GCP) on Type II collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) in mice. Methods : In experiment, twenty four mices were divided into non-treated normal group(n=6), bovine type II collagen-induced control group(n=6), collagen immunized and treated two group medicated with extract of GCP(concentration of extraction: 200 mg/kg n=6, 400 mg/kg n=6) for 4 weeks after collagen immunization, Various experimental such as arthritis, incidence, index, total cell number of spleen, total cell number of peripheral lymph node(PLN), paw joint total cell number, analysis on the percentage of immunofluorescent cells of spleen in CIA induced mice, effects of inflammatory gene expression in spleen, PLN and paw joint of CIA mice, production of cytokine(IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-4, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6), analysis of rheumatoid factor(anti-collagen lgG, lgM level in serum) and histopathological study on the paw joint. The arthritis index, incidence were measured a week over 4 weeks after second boosting. Total cell number of spleen, peripheral lymph node, paw joint were measure after performed experiment over 7 weeks. Concentration of cytokine and rheumatoid factor in serum were measured after experiment finished. Histopathological study on the paw joint was measured after 40 days medicated with extract of GCP. Results : 1. Incidence of arthritis and index of arthritis were significantly decreased in treated group with 400 mg/kg. 2. Total cell number of spleen, PLN and paw joint were significantly decreased in treated group. 3. Analysis on the percentage of immunofluorescent cells of spleen in CIA induced mice were significantly controled compare with control group. 4. Effects of inflammatory gene expression in spleen, PLN and paw joint of CIA induced mice were significantly controled compare with control group. 5. IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, concentration($pg/m{\ell}$) in serum of treated group was significantly decreased compare with control group. But IL-4 was significantly increased. 6. lgM and lgG concentration($pg/m{\ell}$) in serum of treated group was significantly decreased compare with control group. 7. Histopathologically, suppurative and destructive lesion of synovial membrane, articular cartilage and subchondral bony tissue in treated group were alleviated compare with those of control group. Conclusions : Based on the results described above, it might be consider that Gyehyeoldeungbokhap-bang(Jixietengfuge-fang, GCP) has antiarthritic and analgesic effects and also inhibitory effects on the progression of collagen-induced arthritis mice.