• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.356-369
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• 2013

Objective : We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records and radiographic images of patients who never underwent spinal treatment including diagnosis. The objective of this study is to explain the biomechanical and physiologic characteristics of cervical alignment related to thoracic inlet angle including T1 slope changes in each individual. Methods : We reviewed the cervical CT radiographs of 80 patients who visited ENT outpatient clinic without any symptom, diagnosis and treatment of cervical spine from January 2011 to September 2012. All targeted people were randomized without any prejudice. We assessed the data-T1 slope, Cobb's angle C2-7, neck tilt, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) C2-7 and thoracic inlet angle by the CT radiographs. Results : The relationships between each value were analyzed and we concluded that Cobb's angle C2-7 gets higher as the T1 slope gets higher, while the SVA C2-7 value decreases. Conclusion : We propose that the T1 slope is background information in deciding how much angle can be made in the cervical spinal angle of surgical lordotic curvature, especially severe cervical deformity.

• Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.500-507
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• 2018

Background: The sagittal alignment of the spine and pelvis is not only closely related to the overall posture of the body but also to the evaluation and treatment of spine disease. In the last few years, the EOS imaging system, a new low-dose radiation X-ray device, became available for sagittal alignment assessment. However, there has been little research on the reliability of EOS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intrarater and interrater reliability of EOS for the sagittal alignment assessment of the spine and pelvis. Methods: Records of 46 patients were selected from the EOS recording system between November 2016 and April 2017. The exclusion criteria were congenital spinal anomaly and deformity, and previous history of spine and pelvis operation. Sagittal parameters of the spine and pelvis were measured by three examiners three times each using both manual and EOS methods. Means comparison t-test, Pearson bivariate correlation analysis, and reliability analysis by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intrarater and interrater reliability were performed using R package "irr." Results: We found excellent intrarater and interrater reliability of EOS measurements. For intrarater reliability, the ICC ranged from 0.898 to 0.982. For interrater reliability, the ICC ranged from 0.794 to 0.837. We used a paired t-test to compare the values measured by manual and EOS methods: there was no statistically significant difference between the two methods. Correlation analysis also showed a statistically significant positive correlation. Conclusions: EOS showed excellent reliability for assessment of the sagittal alignment of the spine and pelvis.

• 대한추나의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2003

Objectives : The purpose of this study is researching for possibility that Moire topography be applied in group school screening for scoliosis known school health problem, and find acceptable method of early detection and early treatment for scoliosis Methods : The authors practiced Moire topography for primary & middle school 1,895 students[male 976, female 919] in Jeonju, korea in 2001. After we distinguished students who had abnormal finding in Moire topography and then re-examined spinal X-ray analysis. The data was analysed and evaluated statistically Results : According to this research, the abnormal finding in Moire topography was 53.7% (1,018 students), and students needed X-ray re-examination were 11.2% (213 students). Students diagnosed scoliosis by X-ray re-examination were 1.8%. According to statistical analysis, interval between vertical base line of pelvis and vertical base line of neck, gap between left distance and right distance to the vertical base line of pelvis and difference of contour lines have strong correlations with deformity degree of the body surface examined by Moire. Conclusions : Following this research, throughout early detection for scoliosis by Moire topography could reduce exposure from scoliosis radiographs, and could detect trunk asymmetry that couldn't be found existing X-ray examination, so it made selecting students under observation who have bad posture possible.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.489-493
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• 1999

새가슴은 흉골이 전방으로 돌출 되는 흉벽 기형의 하나로 전방 흉벽이 함몰되는 누두흉보다 그 빈도가 훨씬 적다. 남자에게서 흔하며, 척추 측만증(scoliosis)을 가장 많이 동반한다. 새가슴의 수술적 교정 \ulcorner1952년 Ravitch가 연골흉골병형(chondromanubrial type)에서 다발 기형 늑골 절제와 이중 골 절단술을 처음으로 시행하였다. 저자들은 출생 시부터 관찰되어 성장에 따라 심해진 비대칭성 새가슴 환자 1례에서 양측 기형 늑연골의 연골막하 부분 절제술과 흉골의 단일 골 절단술을 시행하였다. 술후 합병증은 없었으며, 만족할만한 결과를 얻었기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.177-181
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• 2012

We present a case of an athetoid cerebral palsy with quadriparesis caused by kyphotic deformity of the cervical spine, severe spinal stenosis at the cervicomedullary junction, and atlantoaxial instability. The patient improved after the first surgery, which included a C1 total laminectomy and C-arm guided righ side unilateral C1-2 transarticular screw fixation. C1-2 fixation was not performed on the other side because of an aberrant and dominant vertebral artery (VA). Eight months after the first operation, the patient required revision surgery for persistent neck pain and screw malposition. We used intraoperative VA angiography with simultaneous fluoroscopy for precise image guidance during bilateral C1-2 transarticular screw fixation. Intraoperative VA angiography allowed the accurate insertion of screws, and can therefore be used to avoid VA injury during C1-2 transarticular screw fixation in comorbid patients with atlantoaxial deformities.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.74-77
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• 2010

Tuberculous spondylitis is a very rare disease, but it can result in bone destruction, kyphotic deformity, spinal instability, and neurologic complications unless early diagnosis and proper management are done. Because the most common symptom of tuberculous spondylitis is back pain, it can often be misdiagnosed. Atypical tuberculous spondylitis can be presented as a metastatic cancer or a primary vertebral tumor. We must make a differential diagnosis through adequate biopsy. A 30-year-old man visited our clinic due to back and chest pain after a recent traffic accident. About 1 year ago, he had successfully recovered from tuberculous pleurisy after taking anti-tuberculosis medication. We performed epidural and intercostal blocks but the pain was not relieved. For the further evaluation, several imaging and laboratory tests were done. Finally, we confirmed tuberculous spondylitis diagnosis with the biopsy results.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.282-285
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• 2019

Scoliosis is a 3-dimensional spinal deformity defined as lateral curvature of the spine in the coronal plane of more than $10^{\circ}$. This study describes a case of functional scoliosis after hip injury. In this case, the patient fell whilst inline skating (June 2015) causing severe tilting of her spine, and left hip pain. She received outpatient treatment from July 14, 2015 to December 28, 2015. For approximately 5 months, acupuncture therapy was performed to relax the tension in both hips, Chuna therapy, and foot orthosis were applied to reduce the body's imbalance. Based on X-ray images, the Cobb angle had decreased from $14.73^{\circ}$ (pretreatment) to $1.90^{\circ}$ (posttreatment). This case report suggested that Korean medicine treatment could be an effective therapeutic choice for functional scoliosis.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.455-460
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• 2022

Oxybenzone (Benzophenone-3; BP-3) is a compound used in sunscreens and enters the oceans due to improper disposal. It is known to disrupt the endocrine signaling in marine organisms, leading to immune and reproductive abnormalities in corals, shellfish and fishes. In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of BP-3 (0, 10, 100 and 1,000 ㎍/L) on the fertilized eggs and hatched larvae of Oplegnathus fasciatus. The morphological changes and hatching and survival rates during embryo development were assessed. In addition, the levels of triiodothyronine (T3) were also measured. The hatched larvae exposed to BP-3 at concentrations of 10 and 100 ㎍/L for 24 h displayed malformation of the tail. After 36 h of exposure to BP-3, spinal deformity was observed at all tested concentrations. The hatching rate was significantly low when exposed to 100 ㎍/L of BP-3. A high levels of T3 was observed when the larvae were exposed to BP-3 at a concentration of 1,000 ㎍/L for 96 h (the end of the experiment). This may be related to increased size of larvae at 1,000 ㎍/L BP-3. In conclusion, our results suggested that BP-3 may interfere with embryo development, resulting in a reduction in hatching rate and malformation of larvae.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제66권6호
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• pp.611-617
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• 2023

The cervical spine plays a critical role in supporting the skull, maintaining horizontal gaze, and facilitating walking. Its unique characteristics, including the widest range of motion among spinal segments, have led to extensive research on cervical sagittal alignment. Various parameters have been proposed to evaluate cervical alignment, with studies investigating their clinical significance, correlation with symptoms, and implications for surgical interventions. Recent findings suggest that cervical sagittal alignment not only impacts the cervical spine but also influences global spine-pelvic alignment through compensatory mechanisms. This comprehensive review examines classical and new parameters of cervical sagittal alignment and considers the dynamic and muscular factors associated with it.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2018

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) by a single neurosurgeon in a single institution. Methods : Thirty-four consecutive patients with severe spinal deformities who underwent PVCR between 2010 and 2016 were enrolled. The radiographic measurements included a kyphotic angle of PVCR levels (VCR angle), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis (LL), and spinopelvic parameters. The data of surgical time, estimated blood loss, duration of hospital stay, complications, intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring, and the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 questionnaire were collected using a retrospective review of medical records. Results : The VCR angle, LL, and SVA values were significantly corrected after surgery. The VCR and LL angle were changed from the average of $38.4{\pm}32.1^{\circ}$ and $-22.1{\pm}39.1^{\circ}$ to $-1.7{\pm}29.4^{\circ}$ (p<0.001) and $-46.3{\pm}23.8^{\circ}$ (p=0.001), respectively. The SVA was significantly reduced from $103.6{\pm}88.5mm$ to $22.0{\pm}46.3mm$ (p=0.001). The clinical results using SRS-22 survey improved from $2.6{\pm}0.9$ to $3.4{\pm}0.8$ (p=0.033). There were no death and permanent neurological deficits after PVCR. However, complications occurred in 19 (55.9%) patients. Those patients experienced a total of 31 complications during- and after surgery. Sixteen reoperations were performed in twelve (35.3%) patients. The incidence of transient neurological deterioration was 5.9% (two out of 34 patients). Conclusion : Severe spinal deformities can be effectively corrected by PVCR. However, the PVCR technique should be utilized limitedly because surgery-related serious complications are relatively common.