• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 1998년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.370-375
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• 1998

Spectral reflectance signatures of upland crops at OSMI bands were collected and evaluated for the feasibility of crop discrimination knowledge-based on crop calendar. Effective bands and their ratio values for discriminating corn from two other legumes were defined with OSMI equivalent bands and their ratio values. June 22 among measurements dates was the best date for corn discrimination from two other legumes, peanut and soybean, because all OSMI equivalent bands and their ratio values in June 22 were highly significant for corn separability. Phenological growth stage of a silage corn (rs510) could be estimated as a function of spectral reflectance signatures in vegetative stage. Five growth stage prediction models were generated by the SAS procedures REG and STEPWISE with OSMI equivalent bands and their ratio values in vegetative stage.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제38권5_1호
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• pp.523-533
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• 2022

이 논문에서는 상호보완적인 공간 및 분광해상도를 가진 다중센서 위성영상을 이용하여 공간해상도와 분광해상도를 향상시키기 위해 영역-점 회귀 크리깅(area-to-point regression kriging, ATPRK) 기반의 2단계 spatio-spectral fusion method (2SSFM)을 제안하였다. 2SSFM은 ATPRK와 random forest 회귀 모형을 결합하여 다중센서 위성영상에서 높은 공간해상도를 갖는 분광 밴드를 예측한다. 첫 번째 단계에서는 다중센서 위성영상 사이의 공간해상도 차이를 감소시키기 위해 ATPRK 기반 공간 상세화를 수행한다. 두 번째 단계에서는 다중센서 위성영상 사이의 분광 밴드의 관계성을 정량화하기 위해 random forest를 이용한 회귀 모델링을 적용하였다. 2SSFM의 예측 성능은 적색 경계와 단파 적외선 밴드를 생성하는 사례 연구를 통해 평가하였다. 사례 연구에서 2SSFM은 실제 분광 밴드와 유사한 분광패턴을 보이면서 공간해상도가 향상된 적색 경계와 단파 적외선 밴드를 생성할 수 있었으며, 2SSFM가 고해상도 위성영상에서 제공하지 않은 분광 밴드 생성에 유용함을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 2SSFM을 통해 실제로 획득 불가능하지만 환경 모니터링에 효과적인 분광 밴드를 예측함으로써 다양한 분광 지수를 생성할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 1999년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.396-402
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• 1999

The aim of this study is to assess the OSMI (Ocean Scanning Multi-spectral Imager), whose central bands are 443nm, 490nm, 510nm, 555nm, 670nm, and 865nm, for agricultural applications. Radiance measurements, used to determine per cent reflectance of canopies and soils, were acquired with spectro-radiometers (Li-1800;330~1,100nm, GER-SFOV;350 ~2,500nm, and MSR-7000; 300~2,500nm) in situ for crops and indoors for soils. OSMI equivalent bands and their ratio values were prepared(20nm interval for bands 1~5; 4nm interval for band 6) by averaging spectral reflectance values to the real OSMI bands and analyzed as to crop growth parameters, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter, and growth index in crops and physiochemical properties in soils. Spectral variations for each growth stage in rice and for crop discrimination in upland crops were significant statistically. In soils, clay and water content, CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity), free iron oxide, and some cation content were correlated with the OSMI equivalent bands. The result of this study shows OSMI wave bands would be promising for agricultural application in terms of spectral information and resolution.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.307-319
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• 1999

The aim of this study is to assess the OSMI (Ocean Scanning Multi-spectral Imager), whose central bands are 443nm, 490nm, 510nm, 555nm, 670nm, and 865nm, for agricultural applications. Radiance measurements, used to determine per cent reflectance of canopies and soils, were acquired with spectro-radiometers (Li-1800;330∼1,100nm, GER-SFOV;350∼2,500nm, and MSR-7000; 300∼2,500nm) in situ for crops and indoors for soils. OSMI equivalent bands and their ratio values were prepared(20nm interval for bands 1∼5; 40nm interval for band 6) by averaging spectral reflectance values to the real OSMI bands and analyzed as to crop growth parameters, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter, and growth index in crops and physiochemical properties in soils. Spectral variations for each growth stage in rice and for crop discrimination in upland crops were significant statistically. In soils, clay and water content, CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity), free iron oxide, and some cation content were correlated with the OSMI equivalent bands. The result of this study shows OSMI wave bands would be promising for agricultural application in terms of spectral information and resolution.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제29권3E호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2010

This paper proposes a novel spectral hole substitution technique for low bit-rate audio coding. The spectral holes frequently occurring in relatively weak energy bands due to zero bit quantization result in severe quality degradation, especially for harmonic signals such as speech vowels. The enhanced aacPlus (EAAC) audio codec artificially adjusts the minimum signal-to-mask ratio (SMR) to reduce the number of spectral holes, but it still produces noisy sound. The proposed method selectively predicts the spectral shapes of hole bands using either intra-band correlation, i.e. harmonically related coefficients nearby or inter-band correlation, i.e. previous frames. For the bands that have low prediction gain, only the energy term is quantized and spectral shapes are replaced by pseudo random values in the decoding stage. To minimize perceptual distortion caused by spectral mismatching, the criterion of the just noticeable level difference (JNLD) and spectral similarity between original and predicted shapes are adopted for quantizing the energy term. Simulation results show that the proposed method implemented into the EAAC baseline coder significantly improves speech quality at low bit-rates while keeping equivalent quality for mixed and music contents.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.343-352
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• 1998

주요 밭작물인 옥수수, 땅콩, 콩에 대한 시계열 분광반사율 자료를 수집하여, 작물의 재배력과 분광반사 특성 차이에 따른 작물간 구분여부를 살펴보았다. 분광반사계를 이용하여 각 작물의 생육기간 동안 0.33~1.10 $mu{m}$ 범위의 파장영역에서 약 12회 분광반사율을 측정하였다. OSMI의 중심 파장역 또는 중심 파장역과 가장 가까운 채널인 445nm, 490nm, 510nm, 555nm, 690nm, 865nm를 각각 OSMI 동등 밴드 1,2,3,4,5,6 으로 하였다. OSMI 동등 밴드와 밴드간 비율을 이용하여 일반선형모형(GLM) 분석한 결과, 분광반사율 측정일 중 옥수수와 두류작물을 구분하기에 가장 적합한 시기는 6월 22일인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 옥수수 생육에 따른 분광반사율과 밴드간 비율을 이용하여 청예용 옥수수인 rs510의 영양생장기 동안 생육단계를 추정하는 다중회귀식을 만들었다.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.44-50
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• 2002

The fast Fourier transform (FFT) is a good method to estimate spectral density, but the frequency resolution is limited to the sampling window, and thus the precise characteristics of the spectral density for short signals are not clear. To solve the limitation, a multiple band-pass filter was introduced to estimate the precise time course of the spectral density for flash visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Signals were recorded during -200 and 600 ms using balanced noncephalic electrodes, and sampled at 1 K Hz in 12 bits. With 1 Hz and 10 ms resolutions, spectral density was estimated between 10 and 100 Hz. Background powers at the alpha-and beta-bands were high over the posterior scalp, and powers around 200ms were evoked at the same bands over the same region, corresponding to P110 and N165 of VEPs. normalized's spectral density showed evoked powers around 200 ms and suppressed powers following the evoked powers over the posterior scalp. The evoked powers above the 20Hz band were not statistically significant. However, the gamma band was significantly evoked intra-individually; details in the gamma bands were varied among the subjects. Details of spectral density were complicated even for a simple task such as watching flashes; both synchronization and desynchronization occurred with different distributions and different time courses.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1400-1402
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• 2003

The objective of this paper is to determine the suitable spectral bands for monitoring growth status change during a long period. The long-term ground-level reflectance spectra as well as LAI and biomass were obtained in xiaotangshan area, Beijing, 2001. The narrow-band NDVI type spectral indices by all possible two bands were calculated their correlation coefficients R$^2$ with biomass and LAI. The best NDVIs must have higher R$^2$ with both biomass and LAI. The reasonable band centers and band widths were determined by a systematically increasing bandwidth centered over a wavelength. In addition, the first 19 bands of MODIS were simulated and investigated. Each developed spectral indices was then validated by the biomass and LAI time series using the generalized vector angle. It turned out that six new NDVI type indices within 750-1400nm were developed. NDVI(811_10,957_10) and NDVI(962_10,802_10) performed best. No satisfactory conventional NDVI formed by red and NIR bands were found effective. MODIS_NDVI(band19, band17) and MODIS_NDVI(band19, band2) were much better than MODIS_NDVI(band2,band1) for growth monitoring.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.561-571
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• 2019

In this paper, we analyze the effect of the representative spectral indices, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference water index (NDWI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) on classification accuracies of Landsat-8 OLI image.After creating these spectral index images, we propose five methods to select the spectral index images as classification features together with Landsat-8 OLI bands from 1 to 7. From the experiments we observed that when the spectral index image of NDVI or NDWI is used as one of the classification features together with the Landsat-8 OLI bands from 1 to 7, we can obtain higher overall accuracy and kappa coefficient than the method using only Landsat-8 OLI 7 bands. In contrast, the classification method, which selected only NDBI as classification feature together with Landsat-8 OLI 7 bands did not show the improvement in classification accuracies.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.208-208
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• 2002

Relationship between chlorophyll a in the East China Sea and spectral bands (412, 443,490, (510), 555, (676,765) in) of OSMI (Ocean Scanning Multi-Spectral Imager) including the profile multi-spectral radiometer (PRR-800) was studied. The values of remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) at the bands corresponding to the field chlorophyll a in α in the East China Sea were much higher than those in clear waters off California, USA. In case of the particle absorptions related to the chlorophyll a concentration at the spectral bands (440, 670 nm) were much higher in the East China Sea than the ones in the clean waters off California. The normalized water leaving radiances (nLw) at 412, 443, 490, 555 m of OSMI and field chlorophyll a in the East China Sea were correlated each other. According to the results, the relationship between field chlorophyll a and nLw 410 m in OSMI bands was the lowest, whereas that between the field chlorophyll a and nLw 555 nm in the bands was the highest. Reciprocal action between the field chlorophyll a and the band ratio of the OSMI bands (nLw410/nLw555, nLw443/nLw555, nLw490/nLw555) was also studied. Correlation between the chlorophyll a and the band ratio (nLw490/nLw555) was highest in the OSMI bands. Relationship between the chlorophyll a and the ratio (nLw443/nLw555) was higher than one in the nLw410/nLw555. The difference in the estimated chlorophyll α (mg/m3) between OSMI and SeaWiFS (Sea Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor) at the special observing stations in the northern eastern sea of Jeju Island in february 25, 2002 was about less than 0.3 mg/m3 within 3 hours. It is suggested that OC2 (ocean color chlorophyll 2 algorithm) be used to get much better estimation of chlorophyll α from OSMI than the ones from the updated algorithms as OC4.