• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 2020

People counting has always been a method of interest for maximizing energy saving by identifying the congestion level or amount of use of a specific facility to efficiently manage the facility, or automatically implementing a power saving function by identifying the number of people entering and exiting a specific place such as a toilet. The method of counting people by image processing is very expensive and has the disadvantage of being severely affected by the surrounding environment of the lighting. In the case of the area sensor, there is a disadvantage of counting as one person when the number of people passes close with arms folded. In order to solve the existing method, which is expensive, affected by lighting, or inaccurate the number of people in certain cases, this paper proposes a new method of counting people using the principle of LiADAR. Accurate counting of the number of people entering the hospital will help manage hospital facilities, but it will also help to establish effective quarantine measures at the present time when Corona 19 is prevalent.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2009

The relationship between light and space is fundamental In an opera stage design. In contemporary stage design, light, color and space themselves became one of tile most important elements to express and symbolize the content of the opera. This was very different compared to the primitive and medieval opera stage design in the past. The designer tried to represent the same periodical background of the opera with exact replica of the buildings as well as costumes. In comtemporary performance art, light became one the most important aspects in design. Max Keller is one of the living pioneers in stage lighting design. This thesis that is based on his lighting experiments and projects attempts to examine how contemporary stage design and light are applied and what kind of characteristics they have. One of the Wagner's opera, "Tristan und Isolde" was selected to be further analyzed. Three different "Tristan und Isolde" opera stage designs were carefully studied in terms of how three designs are differently constructed for specific same contents of the opera. This sort of comparison study is crucial when there is a strict parameter that is the opera itself. It was found that three opera stages have very different stage designs and unique ways of expressing the opera flow and contents. However, in some parts, very similar lightings were used. This sort of multi-disciplinary study can be helpful to re-think the interior environment by applying light as a fundamental medium.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2019

A specific example of how to practical engineering education was conducted through the results of the formation of an insomniac mitigation system using aromatic substance and lighting that were conducted over three semesters of a series of curricula related to the composition of graduation works and graduation thesis writing in electronic engineering majors is given as a criteria conditions to certify graduation. Propose the systematic process of the learning achievement process, having learned how to solve problems and to communicate on a team basis. In addition, is analyzed the results of the achievement satisfaction in the major courses conducted with the acquisition of knowledge in engineering, and confirmed that it was included in the level descriptor of engineering issues on the results of the performance measurement and learning in the curriculum.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.933-940
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• 2017

This thesis shows the emotional light that stabilizes various human heart rates through the three elements of LED. This experiments confirm the change of heart rates when subjects see the static LED, fluid LED That was controlled by the guitar chord and beat in a given music and without light Consequently, the experiment proved that the bpm slope of test subject during specific time in liquid LED, -12.85, was steeper than -12.05 in static LED and -11.05 without light, which showed that fluid LED is more effective to stabilize heart rate than other conditions.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.223-234
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• 2015

Objective:This study aims to investigate the correlation between office environment satisfaction levels and workers' subjective symptoms by conducting surveys asking office workers to state their subjective symptoms and office satisfaction levels. Background: The increased number of office workers and their work hours have led to new understandings of the importance of office environments including its temperature, humidity, noise levels, lighting, space arrangements, and quality of air. Method: Specific details on office work, office environment, office space satisfaction levels, workplace related symptoms, absence from work, due to workplace-related symptoms, were analyzed based on the survey answers given by 451 office workers who were the subjects of this research. Results: Office workers showed different characteristics of subjective symptoms depending on their gender, age, work experience, and time spent resting and on computers. Also, differences in symptoms were found for workers with different satisfaction levels for office environment (temperature, humidity, noise levels, quality of air, lighting) and office space arrangements (location of monitors, area and display of office space, chairs and desks). Conclusion and Application: Relationship between workers' satisfaction levels with the office environment and their subjective symptoms is expected to be serve as essential data for systematic management of the workplace.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2024.07a
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• pp.479-486
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• 2024

This study reviews the recently conducted case studies to explore the innovative integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in the domain of building facility management and predictive maintenance. It systematically examines recent developments and applications of advanced computational methods, emphasizing their role in enhancing asset management accuracy, energy efficiency, and occupant comfort. The study investigates the implementation of various AI and ML techniques, such as regression methods, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), and deep learning models, demonstrating their utility in asset management. It also discusses the synergistic use of ML with domain-specific technologies such as Geographic Building Information Modeling (BIM), Information Systems (GIS), and Digital Twin (DT) technologies. Through a critical analysis of current trends and methodologies, the paper highlights the importance of algorithm selection based on data attributes and operational challenges in deploying sophisticated AI models. The findings underscore the transformative potential of AI and ML in facility management, offering insights into future research directions and the development of more effective, data-driven management strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.64-72
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• 2014

In the past, prism patterns have been linear triangular shapeswith a $90^{\circ}$ angle; however, new micro prism patterns having acute angles or obtuse angles have recently been the subject of demandin the display, lighting and photovoltaic industries. Micro-cutting experiments for micro-prism patterns having $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, and $120^{\circ}$ angles on an electroplated Ni mold were performed and it was found in this study that the specific cutting resistance increased with a decrease in the tool angles (prism pattern angles). The cause of this variation had been thought to be the increase of the ploughing force due to tip rounding and the friction force due to the edge effect. However, the depth of the cut was large enough that it was possible to neglect these effects. Therefore, this study introduced the concept of representative stress of indentation. The measured stress was varied according to the indentation depth eventhoughthetestedspecimenswereidentical ; the varied stress was termed the representative stress. According to indentation theory, the strain that the Ni mold experienced increased with a decrease in the tool angle. Based on the stress-strain relationship, higher strain means higher stress and higher specific cutting resistance. Therefore, the specific cutting resistance was higher at smaller tool angles that had higher strain and stress.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.133-142
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The objective was to develop the advanced method which could not explain each observation's specific characteristic in the present negative binomial method that results in under-estimation of the standard error(t-value inflation) and affects the confidence of whole derived results. METHODS : This study dealt with traffic accidents occurring within interchange segment on highway main line with RPNB(Random Parameter Negative Binomial) method that enables to take account of heterogeneity. RESULTS : As a result, AADT and lighting installation type on the road were revealed to have random parameter and in terms of other geometric variables, all were derived as fixed parameter(same effect on every segment). Also, marginal effects were adapted to analyze the relative effects on traffic accidents. CONCLUSIONS : This study proves that RPNB method which considers each observation's specific characteristics is better fitted to the accident data with geometrics. Thus, it is recommended that RPNB model or other methods which could consider the heterogeneity needs to be adapted in accident analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1996.06c
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• pp.773-779
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• 1996

Dried oak mushroom have complex and various visual features. Grading and sorting of dried oak mushrooms has been done by the human expert. Though actions involved in human grading looked simple, a decision making underneath the simple action comes from the result of the complex neural processing of the visual image. Through processing details involved in human visual recognition has not been fully investigated yet, it might say human can recognize objects via one of three ways such as extracting specific features or just image itself without extracting those features or in a combined manner. In most cases, extracting some special quantitative features from the camera image requires complex algorithms and processing of the gray level image requires the heavy computing load. This fact can be worse especially in dealing with nonuniform, irregular and fuzzy shaped agricultural products, resulting in poor performance because of the sensitiveness to the crisp criteria or specific ules set up by algorithms. Also restriction of the real time processing often forces to use binary segmentation but in that case some important information of the object can be lost. In this paper, the neuro net based real time recognition algorithm was proposed without extracting any visual feature but using only the directly captured raw gray images. Specially formated adaptable size of grids was proposed for the network input. The compensation of illumination was also done to accomodate the variable lighting environment. The proposed grading scheme showed very successful results.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.894-902
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• 2022

This study investigated the effects of photoperiod (NL 12L:12D and LL 24L:0D) and body sizes (30 g and 50 g) on parr-smolt transformation, post-smolt growth and blood properties in the off-season parr-smolt stage of Atlantic salmon reared in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Potential off-season salmon smolt were reared in a freshwater RAS for 80 days and then all experimental fish were transferred to seawater. In both LL groups (LL-30 and LL-50), we recorded and increase in specific growth rate and reduction in feed conversion, although there were no significant difference in body size. The values of osmolality, and serum Na⁺, Cl^- and cortisol concentrations in the LL groups were maintained at lower levels than in NL group fish, and LL group fish were observed to recover to the pre-seawater adaptation state more rapidly than those in the NL group. ID chips were inserted in all smolts reared in freshwater. These fish were subsequently transferred to full-strength seawater and thereafter individual growth rates were monitored for 120 days. The results indicated that compared with smolt reared under natural photoperiodic condition, 24 h lighting in freshwater contributed to enhancing post-smolt specific growth rate in seawater.