• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.213-221
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• 1998

Pulmonary mucormycosis is an uncommon, but important opportunistic fungal infection associated with diabetes mellitus, leukemia, lymphoma and other immunocompromised states. Mucor species grow best in acidic-high glucose medium. which explaining the particular susceptibility of diabetic patient who are ketoacidic. Early consideration of this diagnosis, along with aggressive diagnostic evaluation, is critical to effective therapy and patient survival. We have experienced a case of pulmonary murcomycosis mimicking bilateral pulmonary edema on chest Xray that associated with diabetic ketoacidosis. A brief review of the literature was given.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.166-171
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• 1997

To find out an alternative prey of Orius strigicollis Poppius in the laboratory continuous rearing system, cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), two spotted spider mite (Tetmnychus urticae) and mold mite (Tyrophagus putrescenriae) were tested as alternative prey. Development and oviposition of 0. strigicollis were observed at 25f l0C, RH 60-80% and 16L:8D. Survival rate and developmental period of the nymphal stages of 0. strigicollis was 81. 6% and 11.6 days when fed on cotton aphid, 56.796, 14.6 days, 42.3% and 16.5 days when fed on two spotted spider mite and mold mite, respectively. Total oviposition of 0. strigicollis was 68.5 eggslfemaie fed on cotton aphid, 46.1 and 26.5 eggsifemale fed on two spotted spider mite and mold mite, respectively. Cotton aphid seems to be most suitable prey for rearing 0 . strigicollis among the three prey species tested.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.233-241
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• 2010

In vitro elimination of Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) from infected sweet potato is difficult due to low number of virus-free plants obtained from meristem tip culture and long growth period required for the virus detection. In this study, efficient production of the SPLCV-free sweet potato by in vitro therapy coupled with a PCR assay for virus detection was investigated. Infected shoots cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium were treated at three different temperatures for 7 weeks followed by meristem tip culture on the medium with or without ribavirin at 50 mg/L. The regenerated plantlets were tested for virus infection by a PCR assay. The results showed that the both heat- and cold-treatments, and addition of the ribavirin did not have significant effect on efficiency of the virus elimination. The meristem size, however, greatly affected the survival rate. Meristems sized over 0.4 mm survived better than smaller ones (0.2-0.3 mm). The PCR assay was approved to be a rapid, sensitive and reliable for the SPLCV detection in regenerated plantlets. Therefore, combination of cultivating meristem tips sized 0.4-0.5 mm on the medium at $22^{\circ}C$ without ribavirin and detection of SPLCV in the regenerated plantlets by the PCR assay was an efficient system for the SPLCV elimination from infected sweet potato.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.383-393
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• 2011

Because communication facilitates behaviors that are critical for survival and reproduction, it is central to the study of behavior and evolution. One of the most important and difficult issues with respect to communication has been the definition of communication itself. Broadly, it can be defined as an exchange of information from a signaler to a receiver. However, evolution of a signal is likely possible only under conditions in which both the signaler and receiver increase fitness from the exchange of information, often referred to as "true communication." The three primary sensory channels of communication used by animals are chemical, visual, and acoustic. Chemical signals are the oldest and most widespread method of communication. Visual and acoustic signals convey a great deal of information due to ease of modulation, flexibility of signal production, and fast transmission. The most widespread contexts in which animals communicate are sexual interaction and conflict resolution. Signals used for sexual interaction typically contain information about species identity and sexual attractiveness, whereas signals used for conflict resolution may contain information about resource holding potential. Other contexts under which animals communicate include territorial defense, parent-offspring interactions, social integration, sharing of environmental information, and auto-communication.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2000

Dietary value of eight species of benthic diatoms, considered as essential live food for larvae and spat of abalone, was assessed on the retarded spat (ca 4.4 m shell length). Survival of the spat, fed on Caloneis schroderi, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Raphoneis sp. was over 93 % and significantly higher than that of others; spat fed on C かwがwi gained the highest daily growth of 112.6 mm, which was two times faster than that fed on Undaria pinnatifida Spat fed on natural or cultured diatoms of C. schroderi grew at rates, that were not significantly different. C. schroderi is recommended to restore the retarded growth of abalone spat.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.595-600
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• 1989

Protein-polysaccharides(PP) extracted from four species of gulfweed, fusiforme, sea-mustard and sea-tangle were examined for antitumor activity toward sarcoma-180 implanted in mice, ICR. Polysaccharides in protein-polysaccharides extracted from gulfweed, fusiforme, sea-mustard and sea-tangle were 61.48, 55.61, 34.06 and 30.28%, respectively. Monosaccharides of four seaweeds consisted of glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose and xylose, and major amino acids consisted of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, cystein, valine and glycine. Antitumor activity of the protein-polysaccharides extracted from sea-mustard showed the highest inhibition ratio of 69.76% when PP was injected to the mice at the dose of 100mg/Kg/day. PP of sea-tangle showed the maximum survival ratio of 25.22% when injected at the dose of 100mg/Kg/day.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.59-67
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• 2020

In this study, the effects of windbreak fences composed of natural vegetation on one-year-old seedlings were analyzed to develop restoration methods for an endangered subalpine species, the dwarf Siberian pine (Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel). One-year-old seedlings were planted in 2016 by sowing seeds that had been collected from the Daecheongbong area on Mt. Seoraksan, South Korea, in 2014. The area near Daecheongbong was selected as the experimental site, and treatment and control plots (2m×2m) were installed at the site. To analyze the effects of wind protection, windbreak fences were constructed in the treatment plots using hairy Korean rhododendrons (Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. var. ciliatum Nakai) from the surrounding area and weather stations were installed to investigate atmospheric temperature, humidity, and wind speed. In all control plots without windbreak fences, dwarf Siberian pine seedlings were killed by strong winds seven months after planting. In contrast, the average survival rate of the seedlings in treatment plots was 96.7% after seven months, 64.2% after two years, and 45% after three years, with most (85.3%) of the seedlings showing good initial root establishment. Accordingly, windbreak fences composed of natural vegetation are suitable for promoting the early establishment of seedlings in the restoration of dwarf Siberian pine stands.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2020

Primary cell culture is a sufficient method frequently used to study the cellular properties and mechanisms of isolated cells in a controlled environment. In this study, an embryonic cell line (FGBC8) derived from the blastula stages of embryos of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus was developed. Furthermore, conditions for optimal long-term maintenance of this primary embryonic cell culture were investigated. Morphologically, FGBC8 cells were composed primarily of epithelial-like cells. FGBC8 cells were subcultured for >160 passages over ~830 days. The doubling time of FGBC8 cells was 73.8 h, and the modal diploid chromosome number was 48. FGBC8 cells transfected with green fluorescence protein (GFP)-expression plasmid exhibited a strong signal 48 h after transfection. Consequently, we demonstrated that fish serum is a crucial supplement for the long-term survival and maintenance of comparable morphology in these primary embryonic cells. Our results can be used as a guide for primary embryonic cell cultures for other fish species and may be useful for cell biotechnological applications.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.89-92
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• 2005

The effect of cement on survival, LC/sub 50/, safe concentration (SC) and application factors of pollutant (AF) for pond smelt, Hypomesus olidus were investigated for 96 hours. Mean body length of pond smelt used in this experiment was 8.6±1.2 cm. Cement concentrations established in this experiment were 0 (control group), 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 ppm, respectively. All fishes were dead in concentration more than 500 ppm cement within 4 hours. The LC/sub 50/ to cement toxicity was 123.03 ppm for 48h, 91.20 ppm for 72 h and 58.88 ppm for 96h. The value of SC and AF to cement toxicity for this species were 2.64∼9.14 ppm and 0.045∼0.155, respectively.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.357-370
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• 2012

Radiation therapy, the most commonly used for the treatment of brain tumors, has been shown to be of major significance in tumor control and survival rate of brain tumor patients. About 200,000 patients with brain tumor are treated with either partial large field or whole brain radiation every year in the United States. The use of radiation therapy for treatment of brain tumors, however, may lead to devastating functional deficits in brain several months to years after treatment. In particular, whole brain radiation therapy results in a significant reduction in learning and memory in brain tumor patients as long-term consequences of treatment. Although a number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the pathogenesis of radiation-mediated brain injury, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which radiation induces damage to normal tissue in brain remain largely unknown. Therefore, this review focuses on the pathophysiological mechanisms of whole brain radiation-induced cognitive impairment and the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Specifically, we review the current knowledge about the effects of whole brain radiation on pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory pathways, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) system and extracellular matrix (ECM), and physiological angiogenesis in brain. These studies may provide a foundation for defining a new cellular and molecular basis related to the etiology of cognitive impairment that occurs among patients in response to whole brain radiation therapy. It may also lead to new opportunities for therapeutic interventions for brain tumor patients who are undergoing whole brain radiation therapy.