• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.44-51
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• 1987

In metal cutting various types of chips are produced in consequence of cutting conditions. Flow-type chips have been studied in most cases because they are easier to be analyzed, but the actual surfaces of chips are not smooth, but crushed. This paper deals with saw-toothed chips, special types of flow-type chips, which have deep concaves and high convexes and sharp angles on the free surface. I tried to establish the theory of saw-toothed chip mechanism through experimental observation, that is, the mathmatical model of the cutting energy and cutting mechanism through the geometrical observation of the chips by using a microscope. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The mechanism of saw-toothed chips is diffenent from that of general flow-chips. 2. In the case of saw-toothed chips, the shear angle must be measured by the hypotenuse angle and the rake angle, and the shear angle is more affected by the rake angle than by the hypotenbuse angle. 3. The friction angle is represented by .beta. = . pi. /4+ .alpha./ sub n/- .phi. which is different from Merchant's equation. 4. The pitch and the slip are greatly influenced by depth of cut, but the influence of the rake angle on it is small. 5. The normal stress and the shear stress on the shear plane decrease with the increase of the cutting depth, and they are almost independent on the variation of a rake angle. 6. The unit friction energy on the tool face, the unit shear energy on the shear plane, and the total cutting energy per unit volume decrease with the increase of rake angle and cutting depth.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2008

Pediatrics in Geumwon(金元) age had fanned peculiar children's etiology, Byeonggihak(病機學) and Byeonjeungnon(辦證論) curative system grounded on medical theory in Geumwonsadaega(金元四大家). Yuwanso(劉完素), who was front-running man in that age, used so many times 'Yanggyeoksan(凉隔散)' or 'Bangpungtongseongsan(防風通聖散)' which have Hanryang(寒凉) disposition for curing children's disease in view of pathology in Yeoldahanso(熱多寒少), which is his special academic thought, after then Judangye(朱丹溪) succeed Yuwanso(劉完素)'s this view of pathology, Yang-eumjahyeol(養陰滋血) developed the one and made it a standing rule to cure children. Also Idongwon(李東垣) grasped that the main cause of disease is starvation because of war. As a result of it, he insisted on theory, internal cause's outbreak of person's illness, Naesangbiwi(內傷脾胃), Baekbyeong-yusaeng(百病由牛). In this view of this principle, he assorted and used following medicine 'Seungma(升麻), Siho(柴胡), Hwanggi' as 'Seungbalyanggi(升發陽氣)' method to cure children, and concentrated on children's spleen and stomach cure with this way. Jangjongjeong(張從政) applied 'Purgation therapy[攻下法]', Hantoha(汗吐下) centered on the theory of exogenous factors[外因說] , which explains that children's disease is Sagichimseup(邪氣侵襲), too. Like this, in Geumwon(金元) age, they had studied very seriously about main cause of children' s disease in two part, an internal cause and an external cause. Also, in pathological part they had approached academically 'Hwayeolchibyeong(火熱致病)' and 'Gigiseunggangsiljo(氣機乘降失調)' from diverse angles.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.36-54
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• 2008

A jet stream applied tangential to a curved surface in fluid increases lift force by strengthening circulation around the surface and this phenomenon is known as the Coanda effect. Many experimental and numerical studies have been performed on the Coanda effect and the results found to be useful in various fields of aerodynamics. Recently, preliminary studies on Coanda control surface are in progress to look for practical application in marine hydrodynamics since various control surfaces are used to control behaviors of ships and offshore structures. In the present study, the performance of a Coanda control surface with different geometries of the jet injection nozzle was surveyed to assess applicability to ship rudders. A numerical simulation was carried out to study flow characteristics around a section of a horn type rudder subjected to a tangential jet stream. The RANS equations, discretized by a cell-centered finite volume method were used for this computation after verification by comparing to the experimental data available. Special attentions have been given to the sensitivity of the lift performance of a Coanda rudder to the location of the slit (outlet) and intake of the gap between the horn and rudder surface at the various angles of attack. It is found that the location of the water intake is important in enhancing the lift because the gap functions as a conduit of nozzle generating a jet sheet on the rudder surface.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2019

전방향 3차원 라이다 센서와 비전 카메라는 자동차나 드론 등의 자율주행기술 개발에 활용되고 있다. 한편 라이다 센서와 카메라 좌표계 사이의 변환 관계를 보정하기 위한 기존의 기술들은 특수한 보정물체를 제작하거나 보정물체의 크기가 큰 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 한 개의 구형물체를 사용하여 두 센서 사이의 기하보정을 간편하게 구현하는 방법을 소개한다. 구형 물체의 3차원 거리정보에서 RANSAC으로 네 개의 3차원 점을 선택하여 구의 중심좌표를 계산하고, 카메라 영상에서 물체의 2차원 중심점을 구하여 두 센서를 보정하였다. 구는 다양한 각도에서 영상을 획득하여도 항상 원형의 형상을 유지하기 때문에 데이터 획득 시 유리한 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법으로 약 2픽셀의 투영오차의 결과를 얻었고, 기존의 방법과의 비교실험을 통하여 제안 기술의 성능을 분석하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.663-678
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• 2020

This paper proposes a novel topology optimization method generating multiple materials for external linear plane crack structures based on the combination of IsoGeometric Analysis (IGA) and eXtended Finite Element Method (X-FEM). A so-called eXtended IsoGeometric Analysis (X-IGA) is derived for a mechanical description of a strong discontinuity state's continuous boundaries through the inherited special properties of X-FEM. In X-IGA, control points and patches play the same role with nodes and sub-domains in the finite element method. While being similar to X-FEM, enrichment functions are added to finite element approximation without any mesh generation. The geometry of structures based on basic functions of Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) provides accurate and reliable results. Moreover, the basis function to define the geometry becomes a systematic p-refinement to control the field approximation order without altering the geometry or its parameterization. The accuracy of analytical solutions of X-IGA for the crack problem, which is superior to a conventional X-FEM, guarantees the reliability of the optimal multi-material retrofitting against external cracks through using topology optimization. Topology optimization is applied to the minimal compliance design of two-dimensional plane linear cracked structures retrofitted by multiple distinct materials to prevent the propagation of the present crack pattern. The alternating active-phase algorithm with optimality criteria-based algorithms is employed to update design variables of element densities. Numerical results under different lengths, positions, and angles of given cracks verify the proposed method's efficiency and feasibility in using X-IGA compared to a conventional X-FEM.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.94-100
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• 2002

During the last years, great progress has been made in the fields of welding power sources and filler materials for the MIG-welding of magnesium alloys. This advice resulted in a better welding process, md, therefore, in highly improved welding results. Furthermore the gap between short-circuiting- and spray-arc-trunsfer could be closed by the triggered short-circuiting- and the short-circuiting-arc with pulse overlay. A crucial contribution to the welding process is the energy input into the filler material. Many problems result from the physical properties of magnesium, for instance its narrow interval between melting point 600$^{\circ}C$ and vaporization point 1100$^{\circ}C$. The energy input into the filler material has to be regulated in such a way that the wire will melt but not vaporize. For th is reason, special characteristics of power sources hue been examined and optimized with the help of high-speed-photographs of the welding process with particular consideration of the drop detachment. An important improvement of the weld seam profile has been achieved by using filler material of only 1.2 mm in diameter. The experiments hue been made with 2.5 mm thick extruded profiles of AZ31 and AZ6l. The results of tensile testing showed strength values of 80 to 100% of the base metal. B ending angles up to 60$^{\circ}$ have been reached. The fatigue strength under reversed bending of the examined magnesium alloys after welding reaches 50% of the strength of the base metal. When the seam reinforcement is ground of the fatigue strength can be raised up to 75% of the base metal.

• Composites Research
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 대형 LCD 패널 제조용 복합재 롤러에 대한 3차원 회전체 동역학 해석을 수행하였다. 전산해석은 로터시스템의 회전에 의한 자이로스코픽 영향을 고려한 일반적인 유한요소법에 근거하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유럽의 범용 상용 유한요소해석 프로그램인 SAMCEF를 활용하였으며 이는 전문적인 로터해석 모듈을 포함하고 있다. 전산해석 기법의 검증을 위해 베어링 지지된 2중 회전축 로터 모델에 대한 해석 및 비교결과를 제시하였다. 설계된 복합재 롤러 모델에 대한 상세 유한요소 모델을 구축하였으며, 중력 효과를 고려한 전산해석을 통하여 실제 운용환경에서의 진동특성을 고찰하였다. 이의 결과로 다른 회전조건에 대한 로터 안정성 선도 및 불평형 응답에 대한 결과들을 제시하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.469-472
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• 2022

최근 지능형 교통 시스템의 발전에 따라 딥러닝을 기술을 적용한 다양한 기술들이 활용되고 있다. 도로를 주행하는 불법 차량 및 범죄 차량 단속을 위해서는 차량 종류를 정확히 판별할 수 있는 차종 분류 시스템이 필요하다. 본 연구는 YOLO(You Only Look Once)를 이용하여 이동식 차량 단속 시스템에 최적화된 차종 분류 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템은 차량을 승용차, 경·소·중형 승합차, 대형 승합차, 화물차, 이륜차, 특수차, 건설기계, 7가지 클래스로 구분하여 탐지하기 위해 단일 단계 방식의 객체 탐지 알고리즘 YOLOv5를 사용한다. 인공지능 기술개발을 위하여 한국과학기술연구원에서 구축한 약 5천 장의 국내 차량 이미지 데이터를 학습 데이터로 사용하였다. 한 대의 카메라로 정면과 측면 각도를 모두 인식할 수 있는 차종 분류 알고리즘을 적용한 지정차로제 단속 시스템을 제안하고자 한다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.440-452
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• 2005

Objective: In the winter of 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) began to spread throughout the world. More than 5,000 cases were reported in China, including over 1,700 cases in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(Hong Kong SAR). The total number of cases reported from Canada and Singapore was more than 200. The total number of SARS cases world-wide reached 8,437 with incidences in 29 counties. Mortality from SARS is estimated at $10{\sim}12%$. When the SARS outbreak occurred in China, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China immediately initiated clinical research projects on the use of integrated herbal medicine and Western medicine for treating SARS. and, in Hong Kong SAR, research on the use of herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of SARS. Reports were released during convalescence. The objective of this study is to overview twelve clinical SARS reports of WHO on the treatment of SARS with herbal medicine and evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment of SARS with herbal medicine, and further to share experiences and knowledge of the treatment of SARS. Methods: Twelve clinical reports about SARS from the WHO were selected, overviewed and evaluated for efficacy and safety of treatments of SARS. Results and Conclusion: Twelve clinical reports about SARS showed that the integrated treatment may have advantages, and the advantages are reflected in the following findings: Firstly, herbal medicine is not targeted only at a specific etiology or a certain pathological link, but also at the pathological status of the patients at that particular time. Therefore, comprehensive readjustment was made through various angles, targets and channels to restore the balance of the body. Secondly, there are advantages in the differentiation of the disease and the treatment. Based on the various symptoms, herbal medicine enables the physician to adopt the most suitable principle, provide individual treatment, and to administer medicine in accordance with the actual process and nature of the illness. Thirdly, there are advantages in the results of the treatment; herbal medicine can relieve symptoms, promote absorption of lung inflammation, improve the degree of blood oxygen saturation, regulate immunological functions, reduce the required dosage of glucocorticoid and other Western medicines, and reduce case fatality rate, in addition to lowering the cost of treatment.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

다중빔 음향측심기는 수심의 3∼4배되는 주사 폭으로 넓은 지역을 동시에 측량하므로 자료의 정밀도와 작업효율성이 단빔 음향측심기보다 상대적으로 높다. 그러나 빔의 생성 및 계측 원리가 정교하여 탐사선의 움직임에 영향을 많이 받기 때문에 부가장치의 정확한 조정 작업이 필수적으로 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 다중빔 음향측심기의 정확도 향상을 목적으로 평탄 해저지형에서 빔의 중앙과 ± 45°의 빔각을 이루는 지역의 수심단면을 가시·통계적으로 분서한 결과, 관성센서의 진동과 부가장치의 오정렬에 의한 오차가 발생하여 부가장치에 대한 조정이 필요하였다. 따라서 방진재를 관성센서에 부착하여 선체로부터 받는 진동을 저감시키고, 선체 자세요소와 부가장치의 오프셋 값을 정밀 계측하여 수평자세요소 값으로 변환·정렬시켰다. 그 결과, ±45° 빔각 지역의 수심 정확도는 IHO S44의 1등급 수로측량 수준에서 특등급 수로측량 수준으로 향상되었으며, 오정렬에 의한 중첩구역의 물결무늬 현상도 현저히 감소하였다.