• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.313-323
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• 2016

Water temperature affects physical and biological processes in ecologies on river system and is important conditions for growth rate and spawning of fish species. The objective of this study is to compare models for water temperature during the summer season for the Fourchue River (St-Alexandre-de-Kamouraska, Quebec, Canada). For this, three different models, which are CEQUEAU, Auto-regressive Moving Average with eXogenous input and Nonlinear Autoregressive with eXogenous input, were applied and compared. Also, future water temperature in the Fourchue river were simulated and analyzed its result based on the CMIP5 climate models, RCP 2.6, 4.5, 8.5 climate change scenarios. As the result of the study, the water temperature in the Fourchue river are actually changed and median water temperature will increase $0.2{\sim}0.7^{\circ}C$ in June and could decrease by $0.2{\sim}1.1^{\circ}C$ in September. Also, the UILT ($24.9^{\circ}C$) for brook trout are also likely to occurred for several days.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.244-248
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• 2013

"Hwaseong 5ho" was developed by the method of Di-mon mating between monokaryotic strains derived from "Hwaseong 1ho" and dikaryotic strain "PSC109". The color of pileus was dark grayish brown, the shape of pileus was convex or infundibuliform. The length of stipe was longer and the thickness of stipe was some thinner than Suhan 1ho. Material properties of stipe of "Hwaseong 5ho" was higher in strength, hardness, chewingness and brittleness than Suhan 1ho, but similar in elasticity and cohesion. RAPD using URP-primer showed not the same between two strains. Days of primordia formation period were 22-27 days after spawning, that was a little later than Suhan 1ho. In the trial using culture box containing composted cotton waste, yield index of 'Hwaseong 5ho' was 16.6% higher than Suhan 1ho. The farm field trial were showed stable productivity in each different growing conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.428-444
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• 2012

The species composition and seasonal variation of fisheries resources in Jinhae bay and Jinju bay, were studied using shrimp beam trawl through a year of 2010. During the study period, a total of 117 species were collected in Jinhae bay. Species included were 63 species in Pisces and 24 in Crustacea. And a total of 106 species were collected in Jinju bay. Species included were 57 species in Pisces and 31 in Crustacea. The dominant species were Zoarces gilli, Crangon hakodatei and Oratosquilla oratoria in Jinhae bay, and Crangon hakodatei, Leiognathus nuchalis and Charybdis bimaculata in Jinju bay. The samples were mainly grouped according to the location and season on the SOM. Group 1 with sample sites in Jinju bay, was characterized by high values of Parapenaeopsis tenella, Leiognathus nuchalis and Hexagrammos otakii. Group 2 with sample sites in April, were dominant Crangon hakodatei and Luidia quinaria. The samples in Group 3 were high values of Charybdis bimaculata and Pleuronichthys cornutus. Group 4 with sample sites in Jinhae bay, was characterized by high densities of Zoarces gilli and Pholis fangi. The dominant species, Crangon hakodatei, were catched egg-bearing females until June. Zoarces gilli and Leiognathus nuchalis were presented small size individuals during study period. It represented that study area is an important role in spawning and nursery ground for fisheries resources.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.452-468
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• 2012

Marine organisms were collected by the stow nets and the stow net on boat fisheries from April 2010 to November 2011 in the Han River Estuary and categorized as 126 species, 61 families, and 5 taxa. The species were consisted with 34 in Crustacea, 5 in Cephalopoda, 79 in Pisces, unidentified jellyfishes in Cnidaria, and Finless porpoise in Mammals. The major species were composed of fish and crustaceans in the Han River Estuary. The dominant species in Crustacea were Chinese ditch prawn (Palaemon gravieri), blue crab (Portunus trituberculatus), Ridgetail prawn (Exopalaemon carinicauda), and mantis crab (Oratosquilla oratoria), and those in Pisces were Korean anchovy (Coilia nasus), and Japanese grenadier anchovy (Coilia mystus). The length structures of the six dominant species have more than one mode in the Han River Estuary. It reflects that the species inhibit during a part of and/or whole lifetime in the Han River Estuary where they utilize as spawning and/or nursery grounds. Freshwater fishes were collected from station D where is the closest location to the Han River stream, and their appearances were well matched with the large amount of freshwater discharge due to flood periods. Principal components analysis (PCA) was carried out with species compositions and showed temporal and spatial differences by the variations of species.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.282-290
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• 2011

Two species of demersal fish, Liparis tessellates (cubed snailfish) and Hemitripterus villosus (shaggy sea raven), were investigated in relation to seasonal chemical composition. Total fat contents of the two fish were very low and were not appreciably different throughout the year, whereas their fatty acid compositions were significantly different depending on season. Noticeable changes in the moisture and protein contents in the two fishes were observed before and after spawning. Cubed snailfish showed relatively high amounts of total amino acids and free amino acids during summer months, whereas the levels of those in shaggy sea raven remained relatively unchanged throughout the year. Regardless of season, the major fatty acid of the two fishes was palmitic acid and most of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were n-3 PUFAs. Lead was over the legislative limit in some samples of the two fishes.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.219-224
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• 2014

This study was conduct to the reduction and elimination of Limnoperna fortunei that problem in the facilities and water supply pipeline is done to review proposals for the controls. In order to effectively removal the larva and the adult of that, chlorination and being used to an existing method is to be commended. The water temperature of Limnoperna fortunei spawning season was ranged 16 to $17^{\circ}C$ during May to early November. A chlorination of this period is appropriate in order to control a larva. However, existing in the attached young and old shell at the same time consistently been deemed to apply, because it must be taken into account. The range of concentration of chlorination to control the biomass for Limnoperna fortunei was from 0.5 to 1.0 ppm. Proliferation attached to the mitigation or appropriate technology to solve the domestic situation the priorities of the choice of a more urgent. Also, the monitoring of water temperature and larva will constantly to be done. And development of larva monitoring method as well as after chlorine treatment is effective analysis needed. Finally, we are expecting to good use in validating the results presented in this study.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.489-500
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• 1987

Annual reproductive cycle of Bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus (RAFINESQUE) were studied in the natural population. Based on these informations, reproductive mechanism of the fish including activation, degeneration and remature were examined under the controlled conditions of temperature and photoperioe. In the natural populations, gonads began to grow with the temperature increase in March ana matured in June, and spawning occurred in July. With the onset of the shorter day-length and the maximum temperature condition in August, the gonads began to degenerate. Resting stage was continued during winter season. In the laboratory-reared population, activation of the gonads was initiated by the complex environmental factors including higher temperature$(>15^{\circ}C)$ and longer photoperiod $(>14L)$. For the maturation, photoperiod of more than 14 hours was critical. Under this condition higher temperature was the only compensative factor. Regeneration of the gonads was induced by higher temperature$(>25^{\circ}C)$ and the shorter photoperiod accelerated the regenerative processes. Even from the resting stage the gonads can be induced to matured stage by the longer photoperiod $(>15L)$. Based on these observations, the reproductive rhythm of this fish is supposed to be artificially controlled.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.501-508
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• 1987

Gonadal development, the annual reproductive cycle and the first sexual maturity of hen clam, Mactra chinensis were studied histologically. Sexuality of the species was dioecious. The gonads were irregularly arranged from the subregion of mid-intestinal 91an4 in visceral cavity to the reticular connective tissue of the foot. The ripe eggs were about $50-60\;{\mu}m$ in diameter, and they were surrounded by gelatinous membrane. The spawning period was from May to September when the water temperature ranged $18.5-27.0^{\circ}C$, with the peak in June and July. The annual reproductive cycle of Mactra chinensis could be classified into five successive stages; multiplicative, growing, mature, spent, and degenerative and resting. The monthly changes of the fatness coefficient closely correlated with the annual reproductive cycle. Percentages of the first sexual maturity of female and male clams were over $50\%$ among those individuals ranging from 3.5 to 3.9cm, and $100\%$ in those over 5.0cm in shell length.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.713-718
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• 2014

The seasonal variation in the proximate composition, pH, and glycogen contents of oysters Crassostrea gigas collected in Geoje and Jaran Bays on the southern coast of Korea was studied between March 2012 and February 2013. In the Geoje Bay oysters, the moisture content was 77.49-81.50 g/100 g, lipids ranged between 1.22 and 2.47 g/100 g, proteins between 9.46 and 13.11 g/100 g, and ash between 1.88 and 2.58 g/100 g. In the Jaran Bay oysters, the moisture content was 74.22-82.05 g/100 g, lipids comprised 1.32-2.37 g/100 g, proteins 9.19-13.35 g/100 g, and ash 1.96-2.45 g/100 g. The moisture content was highest in October and January in Geoje and Jaran Bay, respectively, and tended to increase from July until September. The highest protein levels occurred in August in both bays, which coincided with the timing of oocyte maturation, and then decreased at the beginning of total spawning. The highest lipid levels occurred in April in Geoje Bay, and February in Jaran Bay. The glycogen content was 0.40-2.28 g/100 g in Geoje Bay, and 0.61-3.53 g/100 g in Jaran Bay, and was highest in February and decreased from March onwards. The lowest glycogen content occurred in September and then increased from October onwards. The pH ranged between 6.29 and 6.48, and 6.32 and 6.59, for Geoje and Jaran Bay, respectively, and was highest in February.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.188-196
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• 2006

Annual reproductive cycle of small yellow croaker, Larimichthys polyactis were histologically investigated based on samples captured nearby the coast around Chujado, Youngkwang and Kanghwa, South Korea from February $2004{\sim}February$,2005. By histological survey, the annual reproductive cycle was classified into the following successive stages: The primary growth stage from September to October, the second growth stage from October to December, the mature stage from January to April, the final mature, ovulation and spawning stage from May to June, the degeneration stage from June to July and the rest stage from August to September. Throughout anatomical observation of the ovary, it is found that the small yellow croaker, L. polyactis belongs to an asynchronous and multiple spawner from late spring to early summer.