• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.243-260
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• 2006

The continuing enlargement, deepening integration of EU and penetration of extra-EU enterprise into EU market are forming a new geographical restructure of the production system. In this paper, I analyse the changing geography of the EU automotive production system. The globalization and regionalisation of production activity intensify a competition among the enterprise. The European automotive production system changes to a platform system and a modular system for a diminution of productive costs, a development of various products and a frequent innovation of products. The European automotive enterprise is restructuring geographically the production functions and products in order to promote efficiency on a new production system, enlarged production space and intensified economic integration. The European automotive industry tends to a spatial specialization and agglomeration according to the locational factors of production functions and products and the locational condition of regions. This intensifies the geographical hierarchic structure of production activity between the core and the periphery.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.219-230
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• 2004

The aims of this study are to construct database using geostatistics and Geographic Information System (GIS), and to derive the spatial relationships between manganese nodule abundance and each factor affecting nodule abundance, such as metal grade, slope, aspect, water depth, topography, and acoustic characteristics of the subbottom using the GIS and probability methods. The greater is the copper and nickel grade, the higher is the rating. The distribution pattern of nickel grade is similar to that of copper grade. The slopes are generally less than $3^{\circ}$, excluding seamounts and cliff areas. There is no increment in the rating with increasing slope. The rating is highest for slopes between 2.5 and $3.5^{\circ}$ in block B2 and between 3 and $6^{\circ}$ in block C1. The topography is classified into five groups: seamount, hill crest, hill slant, hill base or plain, and seafloor basin or valley. The ratings prove lowest for seamount and hill crest. The results of the study show a decrease in the rating with an increase in water depth in the study area. There was a poor relationship between manganese nodule abundance and the thickness of the upper transparent layer in block C1. Using GIS, it is possible to analyze a large amount of data efficiently, and to maximize the practical application, to increase specialization, and to enhance the accuracy of the analyses.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.277-290
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• 2009

This paper aims to draw essential facts of network city, to analyze the urban corridor in South-East region, Korea, as a network city. Firstly, the characteristics of the network city is examined theoretically. The global economy is developing an innovative class of network cities. A network cities evolve when two or more previously independent cities, potentially complementary in function, strive to cooperate and achieve significant scope economies aided by-fast and reliable transport and communications infrastructure. Network Cities place a higher priority on knowledge-based activities like research, education and the creative arts. Each constituting city stands to benefit from the synergies of interactive growth via reciprocity, knowledge exchange and unexpected creativity. Secondly, we discussed the network structure of cities in South-East region, Korea itself intensively. We survey the network location and outline of the urban corridor in South-East region, spatial specialization and interaction between the constituting cities. We also discussed the problems of the network cities in South-East region, Korea and introduced the desirable policies and alternatives. We can ascertain from the case study of cities in South-East region that the cities in South-East region corresponds the network city model fairly.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.7
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• pp.232-268
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• 1994

According as we look around a notion of LM-YANG(陰陽) in NAE-KYUNG(內徑) or ancient for example the Book of Changes(周易), we will find that the principle of UM-YANG of philosophy in ancient china was applied medical science by NAE-KYUNG, and Chung-Kyung(仲景) connected principle of UM-YANG in NAE-KYUNG to demonstration and medical treatment(辨證施治) of SANG-HAN disease(傷寒病). According as we look around 3UM-3YANG(三陰三陽) in NAE-KYUNG and various theories of another scholar connected 3UM-3YANG of SANG-HAN-RON(傷寒論), we can know that the whole of SANG-HAN-YUK-KYUNG(傷寒六經) cannot explain by a some conception, we cannot understand precisely rear meaning of SANG-HAN-YUK-KYUNG until theories-JANG-BU(臟腑), GYUNG-RAK(經絡), GI-HWA(氣化), a reigon, a layer, and so on-are studied totally. Therefore 3UM-3YANG of SANG-HAN-RON(傷寒論) is basically the thing of specialization UM-YANG, eventually UM-YANG are two functional characteristics in human body. It is specialized to 3UM-3YANG by spatial and time criteria. When we consider a question in its aspect, YUK-KYUNG is synthetic six classifications of human body's functional system that include(3UM-3YANG)GYUNG-RAK, related JANG-BU, distributional area of GYUNG-RAK, vicissitude of UM-YANG, more or less of GEE-HYUL(氣血), function of GAE-HAB-CHUL(開闔樞), and the like; and disease of YUK-KYUNG of SANG-HAN-RON are the very six types of disease that appeared by dint of mal function of each synthetic functional system.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.201-212
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of the present status of the Jeollanamdo's geographical name task by analyzing it and to suggest ways to improve it. For this purpose, the theoretical review including the definition of the geographical name as the subject of the study is conducted. Also, by analyzing the current structure of geographical name, the enactment and improvement of the ordinance of the committee on geographical name, and the management of committee on geographical name etc, the problems of the geographical name task are derived and suggestions for improvement are proposed. The results of this study are as follows: First, as a plan to improve the professionalism of the organization and the officer in charge of the geographical name task, this study suggests the unification of the department in charge of geographical name task, the specialization of the official in charge, and the development of training and teaching materials related to the geographic name task. Secondly, in order to improve the ordinance and the management of the committee on geographical name, this study suggests the enactment and improvement of the ordinance of committee on geographical name, the guidance and the supervision of the establishment and operation of the committee on geographic name, the simplification of procedures of establishing and changing geographical name, and enactment of geographic name a Law.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2015

The aim of this paper is to explore the formation of the Seoul-focused network city for technological commercialization compared with Seoul as a mega city. The growth of Seoul and subsequently, the Seoul metropolitan region as a mega city and mega region has led the uneven regional development in Korea since the 1960s. To reduce a huge gap between the Seoul metropolitan and the non-metropolitan region, the concept of network city can be suggested in terms of the functional and spatial division of labor. More specifically, such division of labour throughout the formation of the Seoul-focused network city concentrates on technological commercialization which is deeply concerned with R&BD (research and business development). For this network city, there are 4 axes such as the axis of South-North Korean cooperation (the axis of R&BD for complex technologies), that of the expansion of a mega city (that of R&BD for green growth technology), that of the linkage of small and medium-sized cites (that of R&BD for life science and technology) and that of megalopolis (that of R&BD for basic technology) with regards to the axis of urban development and technological specialization. It shall be argued that the formation of Seoul-focused network city can be an alternative to the contemporary uneven regional development between the Seoul metropolitan and non-metropolitan region in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1158-1168
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• 2022

In this study, the specialized marine industry in the area (Incheon) of the case study was identified and the issues related to the current status of marine space utilization were diagnosed. Marine space utilization was selected as the specialized marine industry activity in Incheon through the location quotient index analysis of the marine industry in the target area. A case review of the Yeongheungdo demonstration area and diagnosis of issues in the marine energy development sector with the lowest degree of specialization was conducted, to solve field problems such as overlapping problems in marine-use zones and civil complaints between stakeholders. It was concluded that it is necessary to prepare a policy decision support system based on objective and quantitative grounds.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.741-753
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• 2003

This study begins with paying attention to the agglomeration of 'Residential-Commercial Mixed Use Buildings(hereafter, R-C MU Buildings)', which tend to be a high grade and large sized building cluster at various neighboring areas in Seoul. The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between emerging new housing type and residential area by analyzing the characteristics of residential neighborhood that is mainly created by R-C MU Buildings. For this purpose, the specialization and the regional characteristics(in connection with the hierarchy in urban spatial structure) of R-C MU Building's residential neighborhood were analyzed. In the end, the specific type of housing reveals the tendency to be differentiated in terms of income, education and occupation related with housing and residential area. And the residential characteristics also seem to be different according to the regions based on the central place hierarchical structure. It means that the social and class factors are important in choosing house, but the characteristics of the neighborhood area play an important role in the selection of resident area. Finally, the location of certain type of housing can influence the selecting process of residence and it can also determine the characteristics of the resident area in turn.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.461-480
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• 2003

This paper is to consider the new urbanization process of Daegu in the 1990s, especially with its economy, politics, social culture, environment and space. In the economic aspect, the industrial structure of Daegu has shifted from the manufacturing- centered economy to the service economy. But it has not yet overcome the linear frame of industrial structure still relying on the textile industry, though the degree of industrial specialization has increased in the part of the fabricated metal products and the precision and optical instrument. In the political situation that the implementation of the local self-government has made the relation between localities more competitive, the local government of Daegu has led a boom for boosting the regional economic growth, organizing private-public-research relations to improve the weakening regional investment and production function. In the social and cultural aspect of the new urbanization, the investment into the soft-ware facilities has been increased, and the urban festivals have been changed so as to revitalize the regional economy. In the environmental aspect, as the self-government system has launched, conflicts around values and interests of local governments have revealed frequently due to locations of infra-structures and of abhorrence facilities. Finally, seen from the spatial dimension of the city, the extension of residential areas and unregulated use of urban space have a result of inefficience of land-use, and this kind of unplanned outer expansion of the city has brought about with further separation of house and working place, and increasing distance of movements and the an urban spatial structure which requires more energy consumption.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.75-86
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• 2007

The subjects were fifteen dong at downtown of Busan. LQ index and cluster analysis were used to research space functions of downtown in both years, that is to say, 2000 and 2005. At the analysis of LQ index in 2000, the secondary industries were specialized at traditional markets as well as large-scaled commercial districts, while the tertiary industries were done at financial business districts. LQ index in 2005 did not make change mostly comparing with the one in 2000: But, main businesses at downtown that belonged to the tertiary industries rapidly dwindled at old downtown to make appearance at Seomyeon of new downtown. Main businesses at old downtown in the past moved to new downtown to dwindle main functions at old downtown. The cluster analysis was done by using LQ index to classify into three clusters. The first cluster was old downtown that functions of downtown dwindle, and the second cluster was residence area, and the third cluster was the area where space function at downtown was very much active. The findings were as follow: Firstly, various kinds of urban regeneration plans should be made to control dwindling of old downtown and to establish comprehensive and systematic plans on new downtown. Secondly, downtown space functions could be placed depending upon specialization of each industry so that industries being suitable to the area should be introduced to construct development base.