• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2004

A study of the propeny and performance effect of Indolene - Methanol Plus High Alcolhols (MPHA) has been completed. This study invested the measurement of fuel properties and performance parameters. The fuel properties investigated are distillation characteristics, heating valuer flash point, specific gravity and water tolerance. The performance parameters measured are minimum advance for best torque (MBT) spark timing, power output. The alcohol concentration was varied from 0 to 100 percent by volume in clear Indolene. The measurement of fuel properties indicated that, in general, Indolene - MPHA blends have higher water tolerance, similar specific gravity, similar flash point and different distillation characteristics compared to Indolene - Methanol blends. The performance parameters were measured using a single cylinder spark ignition engine at different compression ratios. The results of the performance measurements indicated that Indolene - MPHA blends have a higher MBT spark advance, similar power output.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.80-84
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• 1989

In order to improve the combustion efficiency of the agricultural engine, an ignition timing control system was developed and tested. The control system was composed of the CDI ignition circuit, the microcomputer and the interfacing devices. In this study, the simplicity of the control system and the flexibility of the control strategy were emphasized for the precision, the applicability and the economical efficiency. The hardware was consisted in almost the same compositions as those of the automobile engine. The softwares of the control algorithms were developed to three types depending on the combination of the quasi-adaptive control and the open loop control which had the different spark advance equations according to the input variables such as engine speed, exhaust gas temperature and brake torque. The test results were summarized as follows: 1. By using the computer control system, the fuel consumption efficiency could be improved and the fuel consumption could be reduced by 0 to 57% compared to that of the fixed spark advance system. 2. The fuel consumption of the control mode with the quasi-adaptive algorithm was reduced by average 0.8% compared to that of the control mode without quasi-adaptive algorithm. 3. It was found that the control mode with the quasi-adaptive algorithm adopting single input of engine speed had most applicability and economical efficiency among three types of the control algorithms.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2014

Due to persist of high oil prices, LPG price stabilization and CNG modification project will be conducted. Present study describes the fuel efficiency and $CO_2$ emission characteristics on driving cycle mode and ignition advance condition change of CNG/LPG Bi-Fuel vehicle. In case of LPG Base and CNG Base condition, considerable $CO_2$ emissions are generated within range of high acceleration on FTP-75 and HWFET driving mode. However previous phenomena does not appear in CNG fuel $10^{\circ}CA$ and $15^{\circ}CA$ spark advance condition. As a result of analyzing the experimental data CNG $S/A10^{\circ}CA$, CNG $S/A15^{\circ}CA$, CNG Base, and LPG Base sequentially measured high fuel economy and low $CO_2$ emission characteristics.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.718-723
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• 2007

The new concept spark plug was developed to study its influence on the combustion characteristics of SI engine. It has pre-ignition chamber in the lower end of spark plug and flame hole, in which fresh mixture gas can be introduced without any fuel supply system. This spark plug was tested with a commercial SI engine. Fuel consumption rate, emission gas and MBT timing were measured in the engine dynamometer for various flame hole numbers, hole positions, hole sizes of the pre-ignition chamber of the spark plug. And average flame propagation speed was measured by using the head gasket ionization probe in single cylinder engine. The new concept spark plug induces fast bum in combustion compared with the conventional spark plug, and MBT(Minimum advance for Best Torque) timing was retarded about $3{\sim}5^{\circ}$ crank angle. The flame hole number, hole direction and volume of pre-ignition chamber were found to influence the combustion characteristics.

• 에너지공학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency in LPG engine with hydrogen enrichment. The objective of this paper is to clarify the effects of hydrogen enrichment in LPG fuelled engine on exhaust emission, thermal efficiency and performance. The compression ratio of 8 was selected to avoid abnormal combustion. To maintain equal heating value of fuel blend, the amount of LPG was decreased as hydrogen was gradually added. The relative air-fuel ratio was increased from 0.8 to 1.3, and the ignition timing was controlled to be at MBT (minimum spark advance for best torque)

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2003

LPG is considered as one of the most prominent alternative automotive fuels in worldwide. However, conventional mixer system can not meet the emission regulations as the mileage accumulation increased. Recently, much attention is focused on the development of LPG liquid injection fuel systems to increase the engine performance and reduce the exhaust emissions. This study evaluates the LPLi(Liquid Phase LPG injection) engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics using a 3.0 liter LPG engine. The fuel supply system and engine management system were changed from FBM into LPLi to control the precise mixture ratio and optimized spark advance.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.1433-1438
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• 2009

본 논문의 목적은 점화시기의 변화가 LPG/가솔린 겸용차량에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위한 것으로 가솔린 전용연료 모드를 LPG 전용연료 모드로 진각시킨 제어시스템을 제안하여 엔진회전수(1500rpm, 2000rpm) 및 점화시기 ($5^{\circ}$,$10^{\circ}$,$15^{\circ}$,$20^{\circ}$)의 변화에 따른 실린더내의 가스압력, 압력상승률 및 열발생률을 측정하였다. 그 결과 실런더내의 가스압력 및 압력상승률은 기관의 회전속도가 1500rpm 및 2000rpm 모두 점화시기가 진각될수록 증가하였으나, $20^{\circ}$부근에서의 압력상승률값만 약간 낮게 나타났다. 또한, 열발생률은 1500rpm에서 점화시기가 진각될수록 증가하였으며 2000rpm의 $20^{\circ}$부근에서 감소하는 경향을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2007

The fabrication of Fe alloy-40 wt.%TiC composite materials using spark plasma sintering process after ball-milling was studied. Raw powders to fabricate Fe alloy-TiC composite were Fe alloy, $TiH_{2}$ and activated carbon. Fe alloy powder was Distaloy AE (4%Ni-1%Cu-0.5%Mo-0.01%C-bal.%Fe) made by Hoeganes company with better toughness and lower melting point. These powders were ball-milled in horizontal attrition ball mill at a ball-to-powder weight ratio of 30 : 1. After that, these mixture powders were sintered by using spark plasma sintering apparatus for 5 min at $1200-1275^{\circ}C$ in vacuum atmosphere under $10^{-3}$ torr. DistaloyAE-40 wt.%TiC composite was directly synthesized by dehydrogenation and carburization reaction during sintering process. The phase transformation of as-milled powders and sintered materials was confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The density and harness materials was measured in order to confirm the densification behavior. In case of DistaloyAE-40 wt.%TiC composite retained for 5 min at $1275^{\circ}C$, it has the relative density of about 96% through the influence of rapid densification and fine TiC particle reinforced Fe-based composites materials.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency in LPG engine with hydrogen enrichment. The objective of this paper is to clarify the effects of hydrogen enrichment in LPG fuelled engine on exhaust emission, thermal efficiency and performance. The compression ratio of 8 was selected to avoid abnormal combustion. To maintain equal heating value of fuel blend, the amount of LPG was decreased as hydrogen was gradually added. The relative air-fuel ratio was increased from 0.76 to 1.5, and the ignition timing was controlled to be at minimum spark advance for best torque (MBT).

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2015

Recently the automobile engine has been developed in achieving the high performance, fuel economy, and emission reduction. In a conventional spark ignition engine the fuel and air are mixed together in the intake system, inducted through the intake valve into the cylinder, and then compressed. Under normal operating conditions, the combustion is initiated towards the end of the compression stroke at the spark plug by an electric discharge. Following inflammation, a flame develops and propagates through this premixed fuel-air mixture. Therefore the state of mixture is very important in the combustion and emission characteristics. In this study the combustion and emission characteristics were tested and analyzed with changing the mixture composition and engine operating parameters in order to improve the combustion and performance in engine.