• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.3-9
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• 2015

Since changes in land use in urban space cause traffic volume and it is closely related to traffic accidents. Therefore, an analysis on the causes of traffic accidents is judged to be an essential factor to establish the measure to reduce traffic accidents. In this regard, the analysis was conducted on the clustering by using the nearest neighbor indexes with regard to the occurrence frequencies of commercial and residential zone based on traffic accident data of the past five years (2009-2013) with the target of local small-medium sized city, Jinju-si. The analysis results, obtained in this study, are as follows: the occurrence frequency of traffic accidents was the highest in spring and the lowest in winter respectively. The clustering of traffic accident occurrence at nighttime was stronger than at daytime. In addition, terms of the analysis on the clustering of traffic accident according to land use, changes according to the seasons was not significant in commercial areas, while clustering density in winter tended to become significantly lower in residential areas. The analysis results of traffic accident types showed that the side-right angle collision of cars was the highest in frequency occurrence, and widespread in both commercial areas and residential areas. These results can provide us with important information to identify the occurrence pattern of traffic accidents in the structure of urban space, and it is expected that they will be appropriately utilized to establish measures to reduce traffic accidents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.18-25
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• 2011

In a manufacturing process of metal coins, surface defects of coins are manually detected. This paper describes an new method for detecting surface defects of metal coins on a moving conveyor belt using image processing. This method consists of multiple procedures: segmentation of a coin from the background, alignment of the coin to the model, projection of the aligned coin to the best eigen image space, and detection of defects by comparison of the projection error with an adaptive threshold. In these procedures, the alignement and the projection are newly developed in this paper for the detection of coin surface defects. For alignment, we use the histogram of the segmented coin, which converts two-dimensional image alignment to one-dimensional alignment. The projection reduces the intensity variation of the coin image caused by illumination and coin rotation change. For projection, we build multiple eigen image spaces and choose the best eigen space using estimated coin direction. Since each eigen space consists of a small number of eigen image vectors, we can implement the projection in real- time.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.43-48
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• 1998

Prior to launch, simulated radiances of the Ocean Scanning Multispectral Imager (OSMI) will be very useful to guess the real imagery of OSMI and to check the data processing system for OSMI. The data processing system for OSMI which is one sensor of Korea Mult i - Purpose Satellite (KOMPSAT) scheduled for launch in 1999 is being developed based on the SeaWiFS Data Analysis System (SeaDAS). Such a simulation should include the spectral bands, orbital and scanning characteristics of the OSMI and KOMPSAT spacecraft. The simulation is also very helpful for finding and preparing for problem areas before launch. This paper describes a method to create simulated radiances of the OSMI over the oceans. Our method for constructing a simulated OSMI imagery is to propagate a KOMPSAT orbit over a field of Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) pigment values and to use the values and atmospheric components to calculate total radiances. A modified Brouwer - Lyddane model with drag was used for the realistic orbit prediction, the CZCS pigment data were used to compute water - leaving radiances, and a variety of radiative transfer models were used to calculate atmospheric contributions to total radiances detected by OSMI. Imagery of the simulated OSMI total radiances for 6 nominal bands was obtained. As expected, water - leaving radiances were only a small fraction of total radiances and sun glint contaminations were observed near the solar declination. Therefore, atmospheric correction is very important in the calculation of pigment concentration from total radiances. Because the imagery near the sun's glitter pattern is virtually useless and must be discarded, more advanced mission planning will be required.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.34-45
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• 2012

In these days, restaurants are not simply used as a physical space but used as a cultural space in which people can enjoy and experience different cultures and traditional images. Moreover, from the restaurants design elements which help to form the atmosphere of the restaurants which serve food of specific country, we can see the history and traditions of that country. The additional value of the traditional decorative components which are the main factors forming the atmosphere of the restaurant will be different according to the various expressions used in the restaurant space. For this article, 12 restaurants, Norangjugory korean restaurant, Yongsusan korean restaurant, Best well-bing food restaurant, Awoolim, Mugunhwa, Ondal in Korea, and Songhelou, South Beauty, Xuxian restaurant & lounge, Beijing dadong roast duck restaurant, The horizon chinese restaurant, Dynasty jade garden in China, were selected for the field study. This study focused on a comparative analysis of the traditional decorative elements, especially, the application rate of the traditional decorative elements. The analyzed elements are nature, religious beliefs, history and culture for the intangible elements and facade, courtyard, trademark, ground, wall, ceiling, door, window, furniture and adornment for the tangible elements. After that, we analyzed the rates of the use of traditional decorative elements and modern decorative elements. Through the survey result and ratio analysis, we concluded as below. In Korean restaurant, traditionality is expressed in furnitures while, in Chinese restaurant, traditionality is expressed in decorative pattern. When it comes to the intangible elements among the traditional decorative components of the Korean and Chinese restaurants, Chinese and Korean restaurants have similarities in emphasizing the natural elements. Korean restaurants focus much on the environmentally friendly parts, while Chinese restaurants focus much on the fantastic natural atmospheres like those shown and expressed in the poems. As for religion characteristics, Chinese restaurants emphasize "geomancy" more than Korean restaurant. When it comes to the visible elements among the traditional decorative components of the Korean and Chinese restaurants, in Korean restaurants, the interior part has more traditionality than exterior part, while in Chinese restaurants, the exterior part has more traditionality than the interior part.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.4 s.51
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

Lately due to the sudden growth of the construction of an apartment complex in domestic market, many construction companies are eager to provide various public facilities to increase the apartment distribution rate. An introduction of a fitness center is popularized as a part of such development. There has been a continuing development in a private fitness based on analyzing the user's data. However a public fitness is quite different from the private in terms of a user's classification, preference rate, the pattern of use, and location which requires a different facility plan. Nevertheless, all these days a public fitness in an apartment house has been developed without a specific facility plan based on relevant materials. It is worried that such development would cause the facilities not to function as appropriate resident facilities and sink to idle ones. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to make the standard considered in facility planning in future and the base to guide an applying method. In the paper the present condition of fitness centers inside apartment houses has been compared to analyze the progress of the existing facilities and the appropriateness of the organization and the structure division. The result of the research shows that public resident facilities is not the place to perform passive role for fixed activities but one to form a community through the human relationship based on the facility. Therefore a fitness center inside the apartment complex have to be designed to provide service and leisure space as one of main community facilities for residents. To obtain this purpose, when choosing facilities of an apartment complex, first of all the residents' standard of living, apartment size, residents' distinction rate of age and sex, the needs of the times should be fully considered Secondly, the size of each facility space have to be decided based on the practical data analysis in facility use such as space preference, average staying time. Also, future living culture requires the change of the function and space according to the change of social values, so continuing research and data analysis are required to related to fitness center inside an apartment complex in order to present systematic approaching method and the paper will be expected to be a little step toward it.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.593-612
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• 1996

This study concern with the changes of street from the Choseon Dynasty to present days around Old-Boundary in Taegu, analyzing the backgrounds of change factors and development trends of the Taegu City. The basis element of a city structure is the street. Therefore, in this study, a chage of street space of a city was investigted. Historically, Taegu was a walled city and had a Mono-nucleus which was restricted by the castle, and served as a starting point of formation of spatial structuure. The form of the artery street took a "T" pattern, othe streets were formed in irregular shapes. As the city grew gradually, the castle was removed on account of diversification in traffic network, change of socio-economic organization in traffic network, change of socio-economic organization, formation of industrial bases and functional distribution. CBD of this city has been located within the area surrounded by these streets. This is a kind of general pattern of traditional walled cities through the world in both Western and Oriental societies. A s the begining of this centry, a 'Dark Ages' descended upon Korea because the country was under the Japanese-Korean Annexation, and, throughout this period, the urban planning was planned exclusively for Japanese. The street pattern within residential areas of Korea took the maze type, in contrast with Japanese residential areas which showed grid pattern of streets. This is another general pattern of almost of all colonial cities especially in Asia. High class residential areas were planned and built by Japanese, and they were located within 5-10 minutes' on-foot distance from the CBD hard core. This high prestige has continued until the 1980s when it occurred land use succession which commerical functions invaded into residential areas. Back in the colonial period, there was a between two hetrogeneous groups due to the fact that the Japanese lived mainly oriented the new railway system but that Koreans still lived along the old highway system which ran through the Korea Peninsula. Street netwook formed in the above process has maintained its shape without great changes after the liberation form the Japanese Colony. Taegu has, accordingly, developed ring-radial network system which has been a combination of radial and ring facilities. The present conditions of street patterns in Taegy mainly depend on 4 rings and 8 radius, with grid pattern street able to be found in Old Boundary.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.59-76
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• 2019

This study aims to develop urban scenarios for future cities and validate the future city scenarios using a Delphi method. The scenarios of future city was derived from urban structure, land use, transportation, and urban infrastructure and development using big data analysis, environmental scanning techniques, and literature review. The Delphi survey interviewed 24 erudite scholars and experts across 6 nations including Korea, USA, UK, Japan, China, Australia and India. The Delphi survey structure was designed to test future city scenarios, verified by the 5-point Likert scale. The survey also asked the timing of each scenario likely happens by the three terms of near-future, mid-future and far-future. Results of the Delphi survey reveal the following points. Firstly, for the future urban structure it is anticipated that urban concentration continues and higher density living in global mega cities near future. In the mid-future small and medium size cities may decrease. Secondly, the land use pattern in the near-future is expected of increasing space sharing and mixed or layered vertical land-use. In addition underground space is likely to be extended in the mid-future. Thirdly, in the near-future, transport and infrastructure was expected to show ICT embedded integration platform and public and private smart transport. Finally, the result of Delphi survey shows that TOD (Transit Oriented Development) becomes a development norm and more emphasis on energy and environment fields.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.250-257
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• 2019

Recently, 357 water-friendly space were established near the main streams of the country through the Four Major Rivers Project, which was used as a resting and leisure space for the citizens, and the river environment and ecological health were improved. We are working hard to reduce the number of points and plan and manage the water-friendly space. In particular, attempts are being made to utilize mobile big data to make more scientific and systematic research on the number of users. However, when using mobile big data compared to the existing method of conducting field surveys, it is possible to easily identify spatial user movement patterns, but it is different from the actual amount of use, so various verifications are required to solve this problem. Therefore, this study evaluated the accuracy of estimating the number of users using mobile big data by comparing the number of visitors using mobile big data and the number of visitors using drone for Samrak ecological park located in the mouth of Nakdong River. As a result, in the river hydrophilic district, it was difficult to accurately estimating the usage pattern of each facility due to the low precision of pCELL, and it was confirmed that the usage patterns in the park could be distorted due to the signals stopped at roads and parking lots. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the number of pCELLs in the water-friendly space and to estimate the number of visitors excluding facilities such as roads and parking lots in future mobile big data processing.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.127-142
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the status of urbanization of Namyangju-Si from 2001 till 2008, analyze the correlation of the change of surrounding land use according to the change of accessibility and analyze the correlation of the change of land use. Based on the result from correlation analysis, I simulated from the view point of interactions between agents of land use and transportation accessibility by using MAS. I tried to forecast, based on space, the change of surrounding land use caused by the change of accessibility. I conducted landscape analysis by using a land registration map. Also, I conducted GIS analysis statistical analysis simulation analysis of traffic data, land use data in order to analyze the correlation of the change of surrounding land use according to the change of accessibility. I could find out a certain pattern that new roads and railroads causes the within 500m adjacent land to change into urban land use, which led me to construct a system through which land use changing phenomenon can be expected according to the change of accessibility. It is expected that it can make the best use of selecting the location where new transportation facilities are constructed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.73-86
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• 2018

Agricultural or rural landscape provides various ecosystem services. However, the ecosystem services function is declining due to various environmental problems such as climate change, land use change, stream intensification, non-point pollution and garbage. The A1B scenario predicts that the mean air temperature of South Korea will rise $3.8^{\circ}C$ degrees celsius in 2100. Agricultural sector is very vulnerable to climate change, so it must be thoroughly predicted and managed. In Korea, the facility horticulture complex is 54,051ha in 2016 and is the 3rd largest in the world(MAFRA, 2014). Facilities of horticultural complexes are reported to cause problems such as groundwater decrease, vegetation and insects diversity reduction, landscapes damage and garbage increase, compared with the existing land use paddy fields. Heat island phenomenon associated with climate change is also accelerated by the high heat absorption of horticultural sites. Therefore, we analyzed the heat island phenomenon occurring in the facility of horticultural complex in Korea. As an improvement measurement, I examined how much air temperature is reduced by putting the channel and the open space. In the case of the Buyeo area, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation was analyzed for the average summer temperature distribution in the current land use mode at $38.9^{\circ}C$. As an improvement measurement, CFD simulation after 10% of 6m water channel was found to have an effect of lowering the summer temperature of about $2.7^{\circ}C$ compared with the present average of $36.2^{\circ}C$. In addition, CFD simulations after analyzing 10% of the open space were analyzed at $34.7^{\circ}C$, which is $4.2^{\circ}C$ lower than the present. For the Jinju area, CFD simulations were analyzed for the average temperature of summer at $37.8^{\circ}C$ in the present land use pattern. As an improvement measure, CFD simulations after 10% of 6m water channel were found to have an effect of lowering the summer temperature of about $2.6^{\circ}C$ compared to the current average of $35.2^{\circ}C$. In addition, CFD simulations after analyzing 10% of the open space were analyzed at $33.9^{\circ}C$, which is $3.9^{\circ}C$ lower than the present. It can be said that the effect of summer temperature drop in open space and waterway has been proven. The results of this study are expected to be reflected in sustainable agriculture land use and used as basic data for government - level policy in land use planning for climate change.