• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2018

Immersive space is a new type of space, which is converged with other domains and expressed in various ways and here, a mutual exchange between space and participants is realized with active intervention of participants. The purpose of this study is to examine boundary changes and characteristics in virtual space and reality or inside and outside, focusing on immersive space. For this study, a case analysis was conducted, based on the key words regarding flow experience and boundary characteristics in immersive space. The boundary characteristics extracted are as follow. First, while immersive space is overlapped in many different ways, the boundary in space gradually changes and one unique and convergent space is formed. Also, a combination of overlap is made with internal and external physical force and a convergent boundary is created. Second, forms are mixed in diverse ways and an unrealistic boundary space is revealed. For new experience, it has familiar, but new experiential characteristics and also shows an expanded boundary by the medium of different domains. Third, a simultaneous space, based on variability of time and space, has an ambiguous boundary due to a meaningless physical boundary of space and changing into a space region constantly, it becomes an unlimited variable space. Fourth, a linear expansion-based emergent space has nonlinearity, which creates a meaningless boundary, recognized as an irregular, dynamic and transformative space and expands to a creative space. In conclusion, it is anticipated that based on diverse characteristics found in immersive space, this study would give unlimited inspiration to many design fields and art creation activities and contribute to a further development through continued research on immersive space.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2009년 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2009

This paper evaluates performances of a recently developed divergence-free finite element method based on Hermite interpolated stream functions. Velocity bases are derived from Hermite interpolated stream functions to form divergence-free basis functions. These velocity basis functions constitute a solenoidal function space, and the simple gradient of the Hermite functions constitute an irrotational function space. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equation is orthogonally decomposed into a solenoidal and an irrotational parts, and the decoupled Navier-Stokes equations are projected onto their corresponding spaces to form proper variational formulations. To access accuracy and convergence of the present algorithm, three test problems are selected. They are lid-driven cavity flow, flow over a backward-facing step and buoyancy-driven flow within a square enclosure. Hermite interpolation functions from cubic to quintic are chosen to run the test problems. Numerical results are shown. In all cases it has shown that the present method has performed well in accuracies and convergences. Moreover, the present method does not require an upwinding or a stabilized term.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.399-410
• /
• 2012

Due to development of modern medical services and economics, people raised expectation and demand about medical services from previous disease treatment to comprehensive health care covering prevention and health care. Responses of each medical facility to these social needs and the evolution of concept of medicine rapidly occur. The health examination centers are being operated with the purpose of health examination and this trend is reflected on several aspects such as the size of the facilities, function and configuration of space in health examination centers. Thus, health examination centers consisting of various space systems appear, but this trend and interpretations are lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to draw trends of system through analysis of types and its evolved space systematic analysis and establish it. Analysis targets were classified into small, medium and large groups by sizes based on number of space and a total of 12 health examination centers in four for each category were selected. As research methods, functional relationship of space was examined through analysis of type in which segmentalized type tools were applied in local units. The flow diagram was established based on direction turning point and was classified into sub-flow and main-flow in local units and the systems between local units were derived. Finally, the results of this study can be summarized as the following three results. 1) The space connection system of health examination center showed four systems such as circulation, independence, continuation, and network. 2) Local type indicators and global type indicators which were evolved more from limitation of type analysis tools in existing research were derived so that more systematic analysis could be made. 3) Network system is distributed approach system and space for each function is formed around public space.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.66-71
• /
• 2013

In this paper, the supersonic flows around space launch vehicles have been numerically simulated by using a 3-D RANS flow solver. The focus of the study was made for investigating plume-induced flow separation(PIFS). For this purpose, a vertex-centered finite-volume method was utilized in conjunction with 2nd-order Roe's FDS to discretize the inviscid fluxes. The viscous fluxes were computed based on central differencing. The Spalart-Allmaras model was employed for the closure of turbulence. The Gauss-Seidel iteration was used for time integration. To validate the flow solver, calculation was made for the 0.04 scale model of the Saturn-5 launch vehicle at the supersonic flow condition without exhaust plume, and the predicted results were compared with the experimental data. Good agreements were obtained between the present results and the experiment for the surface pressure coefficient and the Mach number distribution inside the boundary layer. Additional calculations were made for the real scale of the Saturn-5 configuration with exhaust plume. The flow characteristics were analyzed, and the PIFS distances were validated by comparing with the flight data. The KSLV-1 is also simulated at the several altitude conditions. In case of the KSLV-1, PIFS was not observed at all conditions, and it is expected that PIFS is affected by the nozzle position.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.60.1-60.1
• /
• 2021

The Balloon-borne Investigation of Temperature and Speed of Electrons in the corona (BITSE) is a technology demonstration mission launched in 2019 to observe the solar corona from ~3 Rs to 15 Rs at four wavelengths (393.5, 405.0, 398.7, and 423.4 nm). Preliminary analysis shows that BITSE imaged the solar minimum corona with the equatorial streamers on the east and west limbs. The narrow streamers observed by BITSE are in good agreement with the geometric properties obtained by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) coronagraphs in the overlapping physical domain. In spite of the small signal-to-noise ratio we were able to obtain the temperature and flow speed of the western steamer. In the heliocentric distance range 4 - 7 Rs on the western streamer, we obtained a temperature of ~ 1.0 ± 0.3 MK and a flow speed of ~ 260 km s^-1 with a large uncertainty interval.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제23권1_2호
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2007

In this paper we consider the inverse minimum flow (ImF) problem, where lower and upper bounds for the flow must be changed as little as possible so that a given feasible flow becomes a minimum flow. A linear time and space method to decide if the problem has solution is presented. Strongly and weakly polynomial algorithms for solving the ImF problem are proposed. Some particular cases are studied and a numerical example is given.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.49.1-49.1
• /
• 2010

The study of pores, small penumbraless sunspots, can give us a chance to understand how strong magnetic fields interact with convective motions in the photosphere. For a better understanding of this interaction, we investigate the temporal variation of several tiny pores smaller than 2". These pores were observed by the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) onboard Hinode on 2006 December 29. We have analyzed the high resolution spectropolarimetric (SP) data and the G-band filtergrams taken during the observation. Magnetic flux density and Doppler velocities of the pores are estimated by applying the center of gravity (COG) method to the SP data. The horizontal motions in and around the pores are tracked by adopting the Nonlinear Affine Velocity Estimator (NAVE) method to the G-band filter images. As results, we found the followings. (1) Darkness of pores is positively correlated with magnetic flux density. (2) Downflows always exist inside and around the pores. (3) The speed of downflows inside the pores is negatively correlated with their darkness. (4) The pores are surrounded by strong downflows. (5) Brightness changes of the pores are correlated with the divergence of mass flow (correlation coefficient > 0.9). (6) The pores in the growing phase are associated with the converging flow pattern and the pores in the decay phase with the diverging flow pattern. Our results support the idea that a pore grows as magnetic flux density increases due to the convergence of ambient mass flow and it decays with the decrease of the flux density due to the diverging mass flow.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.73-83
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial transformational patterns according to the spectator and the exhibition environment and to examine the role of 'the middle space' organically linking the exhibition space with MoA which is a representative example of 'sequential exhibition space'. The concept of sequential exhibition space in MoA is applied not only to building but also to extended continental concepts including neighborhood. MoA's exhibition space consists of the library area and the exhibition area. In particular, the spaces of library area perform a complex function as a quasi-exhibition space, and the exhibition spaces have variable spatial transformation through an associated structure of the library area and the educational area. The types of exhibition space those constitute the sequential exhibition space of MoA appear as 'Room type', 'Free plan type', and 'Gallery type'. Each exhibition space maintains independence, but it is changed according to the situation of exhibition. The flow is based on the spiral induction around the central void space, but with selective circulation considering the visitors. Therefore, through the transformation of the exhibition area and the division of the flow, the whole museum space appears as the area differentiation.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2002

The aim of this study is to provide fundamental informations that make it possible to use a cool stream and a hot stream simultaneously. We changed the pressure of compressed air that flows into a tube, the inner diameter of orifice that a cold stream exits, and the mass flow rate ratio. And in each case, we measured the temperature of a cold stream and a hot stream in each exit of a tube. Also we measured the axial and the radial temperature distribution in internal spare of a tube. From the study, fellowing conclusive remarks 7an be made. First, As the number of nozzles increase, separation point move into the hot exit. Second, When we use guide vane type nozzle, the axial temperature distribution constant over the 0.75 of air mass flow rate radio. Third, When we use Spiral type nozzle, axial and radial temperature distribution in the inner space is higher than another nozzle. Fourth, Axial and radial temperature distribution in the inner space vortex-tube is determined by separation point. And separation point is moved by changing of air mass flow rate ratio. At last, A heating apparatus is possible far vortex-tube to use.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2001

According to the regulation of IMO, oil discharge from ships is allowed under 15ppm only and an oil filtering equipment is essential. However, for large ships using heavy fuel oil of over S.G 0.98 and viscosity 380cSt and system oil, it has been in difficulty to process with existing filtering type of oily water separator. A parallel plate type oily water separator which is one of gravity type separators can be used as an assistant equipment for the oil filtering system to meet the present IMO standard of 15 ppm, because it is an efficient method in dealing with a large amount of rich oil with high specific gravity. This work is focused on the fundamental investigation of the performance of the plate type oily water separator by visualization method and PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) measurement to acquire multi-point velocity data simultaneously. The experimental results showed that the space of the plates acts a significant role in separating process and it was found that an important point to minimize a vortex flow is to flow a large amount of fluid in space of the plates in order to promote the efficiency of separation.