• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2009

In the chapter "Cheonwon-gidaeron(天元紀大論)" of "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)", Lee-Gyujun(李圭晙) corrected "heaven has the rule of six and earth has the rule of five[天六地五]" to "heaven has the rule of five and earth has the rule of six[天五地六]", and "sovereign fire is bright[君火以明]" to "sovereign fire is summoning[君火以召]", which changes the meaning of the rule of circulation of the heaven and earth. Considering the context and many scholars' opinions, it was suggested that "sovereign fire naming[君火以名]" which was noted from Tang dynasty to Jin & Wen dynasty was corrected to "sovereign fire is bright[君火以明]" over Ming dynasty. In the corrections of Wangbing(王冰)'s Plain Questions, the sentence is written as "sovereign fire naming[君火以名]". The two characters, '明' and '名' are hardly similar in both shape and meaning, that it is only plausible to assume that it was mistaken for '召'. Consequently, we corrected "sovereign fire is bright[君火以明]" to "sovereign fire is summoning[君火以召]". And "sovereign fire is summoning, ministerial fire is locating[君火以召, 相火以位]", it raise "the rule of five and six is combined together[五六相合]". "The rule of five and six is combined together' means 'heaven's number of five" coincide "earth's number of six", and it says former times before dividing up and down.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.357-379
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• 2015

We investigate interconnectedness and the contagion effect of default risk in Asian sovereign CDS markets since the global financial crisis. Using dynamic conditional correlation analysis, we find that there are significant co-movements in Asian sovereign CDS markets; that such co-movements tend to be larger between developing countries than between developed and developing countries; and that in the co-movements intra-regional nature is stronger than inter-regional nature. With the Spillover Index model, we measure contagion probabilities of sovereign default risk in CDS markets of seven Asian countries and find evidence of contagion effects among six of them; Japan is the exception. In addition, we find that these six countries are affected more by cross-market spillovers than by their own-market spillovers. Furthermore, a rolling-sample analysis reveals that contagion in the Asian sovereign CDS markets expands during episodes of extreme economic and financial distress, such as the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy, the European financial crisis, and the US-credit downgrade.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was undertaken in order to establish the composite principles of fomulas through the of Sa-am acupuncture therapy and the theory of sovereign, minister, assistant and courier. Methods : We analyzed the formula construction of Sa-am acupuncture therapy, and applied the theory of sovereign, minister, assistant and courier that was referred to in the preface of "Essential Rhymes on Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Master Sa-am" to the analysis of formula construction. Results & Conclusions : 1. Sa-am acupuncture therapy was acupuncture and moxibustion method that inherited and developed progress contents of Chinese traditional acupuncture and moxibustion. 2. The theory of sovereign, minister, assistant and courier was based on the idea that acupuncture and herbal medicine had the same origins. 3. Formula constructions of Sa-am acupuncture therapy were formed complicatedly, but reflected the theory of sovereign, minister, assistant and courier. 4. The supplementing acupuncture point that is Chunbu-point in other merdian became Sovereign, the draining acupuncture point that is Chunbu-point in other merdian became Minister, and the supplementing and draining acupuncture points in same merdian became Assistant and Courier that mean leading merdian points.

• Journal of Web Engineering
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1435-1448
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• 2022

A framework-level IdAM integration approach requires a stable network infrastructure. Information framework's operation may be significantly restricted when the network is disconnected from the remote IdAM service. Moreover, military networks, especially tactical networks, are volatile, and network disconnection is also high. In this paper, we proposed an Edge-Sovereign Identity (ESI) that expanded the concept of SSI for use in the military field, designed the structure and function of the proposed concept, and demonstrated its usefulness and validity through examples and prototypes.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.575-589
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• 2020

데이터를 기반으로 한 비즈니스가 폭발적으로 성장함에 따라 개인정보가 포함된 데이터의 중요성이 확대되고 있다. 국내의 경우 데이터 3법이 시행됨에 따라 개인정보가 포함된 데이터 활용 시의 규제 개선 및 명문화를 통해 기업들이 개인정보를 보다 적극적으로 활용할 수 있게 되었다. 이러한 상황에서 서비스 이용에 따른 실명 인증 및 개인정보 제공과 관련해 개인정보 제공을 최소화할 수 있는 자기주권신원기술이 주목받고 있다. 특히, 최근 개인정보 이용에 따른 기록의 명확성 및 증명을 위해 자기주권신원 기능 이용 시 블록체인을 활용한 서비스 및 연구들이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내 자기주권신원 서비스의 특징 및 블록체인 기반 자기주권신원기술과 관련된 연구 현황 및 내용을 분석함으로써 향후 데이터 3법 시대의 개인정보 주권을 강화하기 위한 자기주권신원기술 기반 연구 방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.1729-1736
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• 2010

비상업용 정부선박은 국가가 소유 운영하는 선박으로 군함과 마찬가지로 타국 재판관할권으로부터 면제된다. 이는 전통 국제법상의 주권면제이론에 따른 것으로, 국제법상 국가 행위나 재산은 타국의 재판권으로부터 면제되기 때문이다. 주권면제는 판례나 국가관행을 통해 확립된 일반 국제법상의 원칙이다. 문제는 우리 관할수역에서의 타국 비상업용 정부선박에 대한 관할권 제한은 해양안보적 측면에서 상당한 불안요인이 된다는 점이다. 왜냐하면 불순한 의도로 우리 관할수역에 들어와도 주권면제가 인정되기 때문에 그 대응에는 한계가 있을 수밖에 없다. 국제법이나 국제관례를 벗어난 관할권 집행은 국제사회의 비난은 물론 국가책임을 발생시키기 때문에 관련 국제규범의 정확한 이해 및 적용을 통한 합법적 권한행사가 중요하다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제34권
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• pp.173-199
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• 2014

This study was attempted to suggest a new viewpoint to regulate foundation myth as Akijangsu legend narrative's antistructure. The problem is that Akijangsu legend has been regulated as reversed narrative of foundation myth in precedent research history. Following this viewpoint, it is impossible to explain context that Gangchaeyoon's Akijangsu narrative is collected in Sejong's sovereign myth. But Gangchaeyoon is changed as helper to found ideology order and his Akijangsu narrative is collected in sovereign myth's context. Therefore in this point it is necessary to sound out foundation possibility of new thesis the found myth is reversed narrative of Akijangsu legend. Choosing this standpoint, it is possible to regulate Sejong's sovereign myth as narrative dramatization of successful Akijangsu legend. At the same time it is possible to regulate Cheongkijun as Akijangsu that was situated in Sejong's sovereign myth as antagonist, competing and failing with Sejong to replace existing order by own ideological order. This study investigated that found myth is reversed narrative of Akijangsu legend.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.42-51
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• 2012

Objectives: This study used the basic principle of Oriental medicine, the sovereign, minister, assistant and courier principle (君臣佐使論) to investigate the effects of the component of ONGABO, which is composed of Ginseng Radix (Red Ginseng), Angelica Gigantis Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, Cuscuta Semen and Curcumae tuber on the viability of HepG2 cells. Methods: Single and mixed extracts of the component of ONGABO were prepared by lypohilizing powder of Red Ginseng (6-year root from Kanghwa), Angelica Gigantis Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, Cuscuta Semen, Curcumae Tuber (from Omniherb Co., Ltd., Korea) at the laboratory of herbal medicine in Woosuk University and were eluted after being macerated with 100% ethanol for three days. The cell viability of HepG2 was determined by using an absorptiometric analysis with PrestoBlue (Invitrogen) reagent after the plate had been incubated for 48 hours. All of the experiments were repeated three times to obtain the average value and standard deviation. The statistical analysis was done and the correlation factor was obtained by using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and Origin 6.0 software. Results: Although Ginseng Radix (Red Ginseng) and Schisandrae Fructus did not enhance the viability of HepG2 cells, they were shown to provide protection of those cells. On the other hand, Angelica Gigantis Radix decreased the viability of HepG2 cells significantly, Cuscuta Semen and Curcumae Tuber had a small or no effect on the viability of HepG2 cells. Conclusions: In the sovereign, minister, assistant and courier principle (君臣佐使論), Ginseng Radix (Red Ginseng) corresponds to the sovereign component because it provides cell protection effects, Angelica Gigantis Radix corresponds to minister medicinal because it kills cells, Schisandrae Fructus corresponds to the assistant medicinal to help red ginseng having cell protect effects. Cuscuta Semen and Curcumae Tuber correspond to the courier medicinal having no effect in cell viability in HepG2. We hope this study provides motivation for advanced research on the sovereign, minister, assistant and courier principle.

• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2013

Objectives and Methods: This study was conducted to investigate the formula of ONGABO to composed of Ginseng Radix (Red Ginseng), Angelica Gigantis Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, Cuscuta Semen, Curcumae Tuber with the method to observe the cell viability of HepG2 in the basic principle of oriental medicine formula study, Sovereign, Minister, Assistant and Courier principle (君臣佐使論). Results: Ginseng Radix (Red Ginseng) and Schisandrae Fructus were having a cell protection effect in HepG2 significantly. Angelica gigantis radix was decreased the cell viability of HepG2 significantly, and there were no effects for Cuscuta Semen and Curcumae Tuber to the cell viability of HepG2. Conclusions: As the above results, in the Sovereign, Minister, Assistant and Courier principle (君臣佐使論), Ginseng Radix (Red Ginseng) corresponds to sovereign medicinal having cell protect effects, angelica gigantis radix corresponds to minister medicinal having cell killing effects, Schisandrae Fructus corresponds to assistant medicinal to help red ginseng having cell protect effects. Cuscuta Semen and Curcumae Tuber correspond to courier medicinal having no effect in cell viability in HepG2. We hope the advanced research on sovereign, minister, assistant and courier principle will be proceed in the tomorrow.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.74-86
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• 2015

Objectives To identify whether Sovereign-Minister-Assistant-Courier (君臣佐使) Theory and Meridian Tropism (歸經) Theory of oral herbal medicine can be applied to trans-dermal medicine and whether pharmaceutical efficacy can be delivered to skin by Courier herb (使藥). Methods We reviewed previous studies related to Sovereign-Minister-Assistant-Courier Theory. And we examined whether prescription compositions based on Sovereign-Minister-Assistant-Courier Theory correspond with efficacy results of trans-dermal medicine experimentally identified. Results When Sovereign-Minister-Assistant-Courier Theory is applied to trans-dermal medicine, Courier herb act as delivering the effective components to the lesion penetrating skin barrier. And we identified that medicine absorbed through the digestive processes may not correspond with Courier herb applied topically. Conclusions We identified that Courier herb act as delivering the effective components to the lesion. But to strength evidences, additional studies on this action will be needed.