• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.759-766
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• 2017

In order to identify the species composition and distribution pattern of larval fish assemblages in the southern coastal waters of Korea, monthly samples were taken using an RN80 net which was towed horizontally in three different regions (Yeosu, Namhae and Tongyoung) between May to September 2016. A total of fifty taxa were collected during the study. Among these, Engraulis japonicus, which accounted for 56.8 % of the total population, was the most dominant species, followed by Sillago japonicus, Parablennius yatabei, Gobiidae Type A, Parablennidae sp., and Omobranchus elegans as dominant taxa, that accounted for 87.5% of the total number of individuals. ANOSIM results revealed that regional groups were not separated, but seasonal groups were clearly divided with statistical significance, and these differences were caused mainly by water temperature variations identified by canonical analysis.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.453-464
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• 2010

We evaluated the status and problems of golf course developments in the southern coast of Korea. It's adjacent waters supports nursery and fishing grounds for commercially-important fisheries species, and various sites are designated and protected as marine protection area(MPA), fisheries reserve, or clean area(blue belt) for producing shellfish. We proposed key assessment items for environmental impact assessment(EIA) and checklists in selecting golf course locations. For the protected areas, we suggest that it is essential to limit golf course establishment while setting a minimal distance from the coast to secure a buffer zone for mitigating the environmental impacts. To efficiently utilize existing regional coastal management plans, it is necessary to diagnose how a golf course development will potentially modify geomorphology and scenery, amplify pollutant loads from non-point sources, and disrupt the functions of coastal ecosystem. Especially, continued monitoring and assesssing input loads of hazardous materials originating from agricultural chemicals should be obligatory. Finally, measures for improving the QA/QC analysis were discussed to enhance reliability of environmental data with respect to golf courses and adjacent coastal waters.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.568-577
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• 2002

The spreading Cocuoainim polykikoides bloom in the southern coastal waters of Korea was simulated using numerical model including the physical processes of water flow and the chemical processes of increasing cell of C. polykikoides by uptake of dissolved nutrients. The circulation of sea water was simulated by two dimensional tide model reflecting the main four tidal components of $M_2,\;S_2,\;K_1,\;O_1$, and permanent current was driven by inflow/outflow across open boundaries. According to the result of model which tidal and permanent current were reflected simultaneously, eastward flows entering the southern waters from the western waters of Korea are dominant but westward flows are weak relatively. These result suggest that it is difficult for initial C. polykikoides bloom generated in the coastal waters of Goheung to move to the western coast of Korea through Jeju Strait. For spreading model of C. poiyhikoides, the range of generating distribution and the generating time of C. polykikoides bloom in coastal area are similar to those of observation data in the field. Wind is the most important factor in moving and distribution of red tide. Permanent current flowing eastward is also considered to be important factor and tidal current was a little influenced.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.484-492
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to compare the ichthyofauna between the eelgrass bed waters located in the open sea and the nearby sea free of eelgrass, and this study collected a total of 26 species. Comparing the fish collected on the eelgrass bed (St.2) of Geomun-do coast with the fish collected on the coastal waters (St.1) void of the nearby eelgrass bed, the fish collected from the eelgrass bed included 19 species, 413 individual with 16,110.6g in weight while the fish collected from the coastal waters void of the eelgrass bed included 19 species, 290 individuals with 12,961.5g in weight. Accordingly, it was found that the population size and biomass of the fish collected from the eelgrass bed were higher than the coastal waters void of the eelgrass. This study could identify that diversity, richness, evenness index except dominance were also much higher even in the result of cluster analysis.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2013

The European Common Barnacle Balanus perforatus Brugiere (Crustacea, Cirripedia) has been introduced into the east coast of Korea, presumably via the ballast water of ships. The species has since been spreading along both the northern and southern coast to the east, most likely due to alongshore currents. We predicted the potential range expansion of Balanus perforatus in Korean waters using Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Prediction (GARP), an environmental niche modeling technique. The results show that much of the southern coastal waters of Korea could be colonized by the spread of the nonindigenous species, but that the west coast is unlikely to be invaded. More sampling on the west coast would enhance the predictability of the model. To our knowledge, this is the first report of its kind for predicting marine nonindigenous species in Korean waters using GARP modeling.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 1999

An investigation was conducted to determine limiting nutrients in the bay systems of the southern coastal area of Korea. The elemental composition of C, N, and P in suspended particulate matter was monitored nearly monthly in Chinhae and Koje Bays and seasonally in Deukryang Bay for 2 years. Atomic C:N ratio in particulate matter ranges from 4.3 to 9.6, typical of marine phytoplankton. C:P and N:P ratios vary from the Redfield ratio to 229 (C:P) and 37 (N:P). A constant C:N ratio of 6.87 from regression of particulate C and N concentrations demonstrates that the particulate matter in the systems originates from primary production. C:P and N:P ratios from regression of C on P and N on P are well associated with changes in salinity. The low N:P ratio of 13.1 implies N limitation in the environments of the systems. This seems to result from the low N:P ratio of nutrients released across sediment-water interface. Phytoplankton response, expressed here as the increase of chlorophyll a, to N addition also verifies N limitation for phytoplankton communities. In heavy rainfall season (from June to September), the addition of excessive N via streams into the stratified coastal water proliferates phytoplankton greatly. During the phytoplankton blooms, C:P and N:P ratios are much higher than the Redfield ratio, implying P limitation. This results from the high N:P ratio in nutrients supplied from stream waters. Strong stratification during the blooms also interrupts the supply of nutrients, particularly p, from bottom waters. Dependent upon precipitation, this tendency shows great inter-annual variation.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.212-221
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• 2004

Concentrations of suspended particulate matters (SPM) and their distribution patterns were monitored three times in the East China Sea during the winter season in 1998 and 1999. SPM concentrations showed significant temporal variations controlled by the atmospheric conditions and sea states. In coastal area, SPM values were about 10-20 mg/l in fair weather conditions, but exceeded 100mg/l during the storm periods. Turbid waters were distributed widespread in the continental shelf of the East China Sea and the coastal area of the Korean Peninsula, and these two areas were connected along a NE-SW direction. The distribution patterns of turbid waters were interpreted as representing the transport behavior of suspended matter. Although the primary source of inner shelf mud deposits of Korea seems to be the Korean Peninsula, contribution from the East China Sea to the coastal area of Korea increases especially during the winter season.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.123-136
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• 1992

As a result of faunal analysis on 50 bottom samples bearing a total of 183 species of the Recent benthonic foraminifers from the West and South Sea of korea, five bioassociations (groups of species) and five biotopes (groups of samples) were discriminated. From the areal distribution of biotopes in combination with bioassociations and the available ecological data of foraminiferal species, five biofacies are recognized: (1) Southern Inner Shelf Biofacies; (2) Southern Coast Biofacies; (3) Northern Middle Shelf Biofacies; (4) Central Middle Shelf Biofacies; and (5) Southern Outer Shelf and Upper Slope Biofacies. The biofacies are defined by a group of sampling stations containing a diagnostic species association and can be related to the major current pasterns and water masses in the West and South Sea of Korea: Southern Inner Shelf Biofacies is related to the Coastal Waters and drainage from China; Southern Coast Biofacies is related to the Coastal Waters and drainage from Korea; Northern Middle Shelf Biofacies is related to the Coastal Waters and Yellow Sea Cold Water, Central Middle Shelf Biofacies is related to the Yellow Sea Warm Current; and Southern Outer Shelf and Upper Slope Biofacies is related to the Tsushima Warm Current.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 1989

This study on the southern coastal waters of Korea has been made by analysis of NOAA image and oceanographic observation data from October 1987 to August 1988. The results obtained from the study are as follow: Horizontal distributions of water temperature in different layers in winter ranged from 6.07 to 18.62$^{\circ}C$ at 0m layer, 6.02 to 18.54$^{\circ}C$ at 30m layer and 7.19 to 18.69$^{\circ}C$ at 50m layer. Consequently its vertical distribution showed homogeneity. Horizontal water temperature gradients were 0.28$^{\circ}C$/mile between the coastal waters and Tsushima warm waters. In summer, its horizontal distribution varied from 19.37 to 29.92$^{\circ}C$ at 0m layer, 13.26 to 27.11$^{\circ}C$ at 30m layer and 7.36 to 26.6$0^{\circ}C$ at 50m layer, and its vertical profile showed stratified structure. Vertical water temperature gradients were 0.44$^{\circ}C$/m between 30 and 50m layers. It was remarkable that distribution of southern coastal water system analysed by NOAA image coincided with relatively the oceanographic observation data but SST from NOAA image seemed to be 2-4$^{\circ}C$ lower in winter and 4-6$^{\circ}C$ lower in summer than the oceanographic data.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.210-224
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• 2007

Fish community study by a gill net in four coastal waters of Southern Sea, Korea were simultaneously conducted to determine seasonal variation of species composition and abundance from March to November, 2006. A total of 68 species and 577,422.9 g by four study waters were caught during the survey period. The dominant species were Platycephalus indicus, Mugil cephalus, Cynoglossus robustus and Argyrosomus argentatus of 58.2% in total catch and they occupied 63.1% in IRD (index of relative distribution). By regional community, fishes that compromised 18 species and 53,148.8 g in Tongyeong Donam were caught and the dominant species were Platycephalus indicus, Hexagrammos otakii, Liparis tessellatus, Paralichthys olivaceus. In Yeosu Gyedong, fishes of 44species and 123,926.9 g were caught and the dominant species were Platycephalus indicus, Muraenesox cinereus. In Jangheung Sumoon, fishes of 44 species and 123,926.9 g were caught and the dominant species were Mugil cephalus, Platycephalus indicus, Cynoglossus robustus, Liparis tessellatus. And in Jindo Modo, fishes of 32 species and 171,426.3 g were caught and the dominant species were Platycephalus indicus, Argyrosomus argentatus, Cynoglossus robustus. Therefore, the species composition and abundance of fish by region were very different. These results seem to be related to differences of regional environmental condition, productivity, and fish ecological habits. And the fish catch in four study waters were high from April to July, and the number of fish species and diversity index had a tendency to increased from March to November. The ranges of environmental factors caught fish were $8.3{\sim}28.5^{\circ}C$ in temperature, 26.59~34.92 in salinity and also these factors were correlated to seasonal variation of fish.