• 환경생물
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2001

한반도 남해 연안 습지 지역에 자생하는 거머리말의 부포, 식물체 군집과 생육환경의 특성을 파악하기 위하여 2000년 6월부터 12월까지 식물체와 생육환경을 조사하였다. 조사기가 중 제주도 2개 생육지를 포함하여 남해 동부연안의 안골포에서 서부연안인 진도 강계까지 총 28개 생육지에서 자생 거머리말의 분포를 파악하였다. 거머리말의 생육지는 연안과 섬의 만, 보초, 하구와 같이 파랑의 영향이 적은 수심 0.5${\sim}$8.0m의 조간대와 조하대 지역이었다. 거머리말 생육지의 염부은 18.2${\sim}$34.5%$_o$의 범위로 광염성의 특성을 나타내었으며, 저질은 모래의 함량이 49.7${\sim}$99.1%, 평균 입도 1.5${\sim}$4.4${\phi}$의 사질, 사니질과 니사질의 퇴적상으로 구분되었다. 영양지의 식물체 길이는 54.7${\sim}$171.4cm로 생육지의 수심과 생육 위치 및 생육환경에 따라 큰 변이를 나타내었으며, 식물체의 형태학적 정량 형질의 특성을 분석한 결과 식물체는 단협엽형과 장광협형의 특징을 나타내었다. 식물체의 형태학적 형질은 건중량과 양의 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 형태학적 형질간에도 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 해상교량에서 해수와 직접 접하지 않은 부재로 날아 들어오는 비래염분 분포를 월별, 높이별로 파악하였다. 이를 위하여 한국의 남해안과 서해안의 9개 해상교량을 대상으로 다양한 높이에서 1년 동안 비래염분량을 측정하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 측정한 월에 따라서는 서해안과 남해안 모두 겨울철 북서 계절풍의 풍향과 강한 풍속의 영향으로 겨울철(11월~2월)의 비래염분량이 크게 증가하였고 그 차이는 서해안이 더 크게 나타났다. 높이별로는 해수면에서 높아질수록 비래염분량이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 감소 경향에 따라 주탑하단의 비래염분량을 기준으로 총 3개의 구간으로 분류하여 비래염분량 감소식을 도출하였다. 각 구간에 따른 감소 경향 차이는 해역별로, 동일 해역내에서도 국부적인 지형적 특징에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 따라서 해상교량의 유지관리를 위한 비래염분자료 수립을 위해서는 해역별 특징과 함께, 그 주변의 국부적인 지형적 특징도 고려하여야 할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 결과로서, 해상 교량의 비래염분 염해환경에 대하여 안전한 구간과 열악한 구간을 구분할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 시설물 안전 및 유지관리 실시 세부지침[성능평가]_교량편의 열화환경 평가항목의 기반자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 1958

I. Assumption: Mo-kam-ju, Koelreuteria paniculata is a woody plant mainly cistributed over Northern China. Its sporadic growth along the beaches of Korea and Japan is assumed to have been sowed by the seeds transported adrift on the current across the ocean. II. Use and Growth of the Plant: In China, this plant has been cultivated from early times mainly at temples, it seeds being used as rosaries, its flowers for yellow dyes and medicine for the eyes, and its leaves for black dyes. In Korea and Japan, these plants have been cultivated at temples and used as the material for rosaries. No natural growth of these plants was reported until 1919. III. Discoveries: In this domestic area, Dr. Chung Tae Hyun discovered the plant on the beach between Cho-Do and Chang-san-kot, Hwang-Hae Prov. in 1920. The reporter discovered them on the beach at Buk-Ni, Duk-jok-Do in 1948, at An-Hung in 1956 and on the beach at An-min-Do in 1957. In the Japan area, it was discovered for the first time twenty years ago, mainly along the coast line of the Japan Sea and some along the eastern coast line, at Subo, Yamaguchi Prefecture facing the Pacific Ocean. IV. Study and Experiment: A. Seed The seed coat is thick, non-permeable and floatable. A number of seeds were immersed in artificial sea water and fresh water separately. The seeds remained there for a hundred and forty-five (145) days from April 6, 1957 to August 29, 57. Thirty one seeds out of the fifty immersed in salt water and twenty seeds out of the fifty immersed in fresh water remained on the surface of the water, proving them to be non-permeable to both sea and fresh water. Of course, these had retained their germinating capabilities. Five (5) seeds out of twenty from the fresh water and six (6) out of thirty-one from the sea water were successfully germinated after a hole had been drilled in the seed coat and they had been planted. Thus their floating capability, non-permeability and germinating capability after a possible 145 day trip on the flowing currents has been proved satisfactory according to the assumption made above. B. Current As shown in the Data 2 and 3, the sea current initiated in the Pohai Sea flows westward down along the coast line of Korea reaching the southern part during the autumn and winter seasons. This fact also is in favor of the reporter's assumption. V. Discussion and Conclusion: The reporter concludes that, as discussed above, Koelreuteria paniculata which originates in Northern China is transported adrift on the flowing sea current to our western coast line, and also the coast lines of Shantung and Kuangtung of China and it is germinated on the sandy beaches forming new plants. Thus, the seeds drifted down on the southern beach of Korea and have been transported to the Japanese coast, adrift on the Tae-Ma current. Upon fruition, the seeds of the plants which settle on the coasts of western Korea and Japan will migrate to new places. It can be, however, assumed that while the thickness and nonpermeability of the coat enables the long travel in the water, this also can compose a difficulty in germination, consequently in developing a new distribution of this species.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.322-339
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• 2020

Temporal and spatial fluctuations of surface water temperature in Yeosu Bay for the period from 2010 to 2011 were studied using the data from temperature monitoring buoys deployed at 32 stations in the south coast of Korea. Temperatures in the northern part of the bay are higher in summer and lower in winter than in the southern part of the bay. The lowest and highest temperature of the annual mean are found at the eastern coast of POSCO and at the west of Dae Island, respectively. Cold water masses appear at estuarine area when the discharge of Sumjin river is affluent. Amplitude of temperature fluctuation whose period is less than semi-diurnal is largest at Hadong coast and around Dae Island. Spectral analysis of surface water temperature shows a significant peak at a periodic fluctuation of 0.5 to 24 days and about 15-day period of predominant fluctuation is most frequent in Yeosu Bay. From the cross-correlation analysis of temperature fluctuations, Yeosu Bay can be classified into six areas; the south area affected by South Sea of Korea, the mixed area in the center of the bay, the estuarine area affected by river discharge at the north of the bay, the hot waste water area near Hadong coast, the area around Dae Island and the area near Noryang Channel affected by the water in Jinju Bay, respectively.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1975

Continued to the previous paper, the present investigation deals with stronitium-90 activities and calcium contents among 54 samples of edible marine algae collected along the coast of Korea during September, 1973 and April, 1974. The calcium contents are variable 2.0-17.8%, and 6.38% on an average. Most of the members investigated contain 2-4% in green and red algae, and 8-10% in brown algae. Strontium-90 activities are 0.32-0.37 pCi/l in sea-water, and 0.80-28.66 pCi$\^$90/Sr/g Ca in edible seaweeds. Among the algal phyla, they are 12.49 in green, 3.34 in brown, and 9.39 pCi$\^$90/Sr/g Ca in red algae, while they are 6.25 pCi$\^$90/Sr/g Ca on an average. In a single species collected at the same season, the highest activities appear mostly from the eastern coast, and from the western and southern coasts, in turn. The green algae, Capsosiphon- Enteromorpha complex show about 3 times higher activities, 28.66 pCi$\^$90/Sr /g Ca compared with the other members showing rather higher activities, and would be an indicator plant of strontium-90 activities of the marine algae along the coast of Korea.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-46
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• 1979

The climate of a given region is determined by the combination of the various climatic elements. But among them, the temperature is the most important element to classify the climatic type. The author attempted to classify the climatic types in Korea by making a analysis of the characteristics of temperature distribution. To accomplish the study, the author analyzed the daily and yearly range of temperature, the warmest and coldest months, continentality and oceanicity, thermal anomaly, and relative temperature, etc. The data of 153 weather stations are used for the analysis of the above five criteria. As a result of the study, the climate of Korea can be divided into three types, namely, the continental, coastal and intermediate(or transitional) type. The Pronounced continental type is appeared in the northern part of highland area. And the coastal type is limited to the east and south coast areas, and the southern part of the west coast area. The continentality is larger, and the oceanicity smaller, than those of Siberia, Mongolia and the inland area of China where the continental climate is most remarkable in the world. The reason why the west coast area is more continental than the east coast area may be due to the terrain effect and the warm current going north along the east coastline.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2020

This study estimated influences of the Ulsan Fault on tectonic movement and uplift characteristics in the Eastern Block of the Ulsan Fault. The averaged uplift rate in the Northern Coast of the Eastern Block was 0.202 m/ka, while the site in Seokbyeong-ri, Guryongpo-eup, Pohang-si, showed relatively high rate of 0.249 m/ka, attributable to influences of small fault movement, called the Gangsa Fault. Higher averaged rate of 0.270 m/ka than in the Northern Coast was calculated in the Southern Coast of the Eastern Block. The site in north of Haseo-ri, Yangnam-myeon, Gyeongju-si, showed the highest rate, suggesting influences of the Eupcheon Fault. The Western Block of the Ulsan Fault indicated the averaged rate of 0.208 m/ka, similar to that of the Northern Coast. The sites approximately 10 km apart from the Ulsan Fault showed 1.3 times higher rate in the Eastern Block than in the Western Block, while similar rates were calculated in the sites >20 km apart from the Ulsan Fault. These distributions of the rate suggest that the Ulsan Fault has significantly influenced development of marine terrace and tectonic movement in the study area, while local fault movements have also played a role.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.803-813
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• 1994

본 연구에서는 한국산 참서대과 어류 3속 8종에 대하여 재검토하고 그들의 검색표를 제시하였으며, 1992년부터 1993년 까지 우리나라 전 연안에서 채집되어진 다음의 6종의 참서대과 어류는 그림과 함께 재기재 하였다; 칠서대 Cynoglossus interruptus, 참서대 C. joyneri, 개서대 C. robustus, 박대 C. semilaevis, 용서대 C. abbreviatus, 흑대기 Paraplagusia japonica. 종전에 보고된 한국산 참서대과 어류 가운데 까지서대 Areliscus trigrammus, 서대기 A. hollandi, 박대 A. rhomaleus는 각각 용서대 Cynoglossus abbreviatus, 물서대 C. gracilis 박대 C. semilaevis의 동종이명이다. 우리나라의 참서대과 어류는 주로 서해와 남해안에 서식하지만 C. interruptus와 C. abbreviatus의 서식지는 남해안에만 한정되어 있으며 C. semilaevis는 서해안과 남해의 서부 연안에, Paraplagusia japonica는 동해를 비롯한 서해와 남해의 모든 연안에 분포하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2010

Around Tongyeong coasts which located in southern coast of Korea composed to the complex coastal line and scattered by small islands. It also has been distributed to a complicated bathymetric structure by several types of channels. This study carried to analyze the spatial characteristics of macrobenthic community and benthic environmental variance on sub-tidal area based on multivariate statistics tools. Sediment composition varied from muddy sand to mud, and along the channels, it composed to a heterogeneous bottoms mixed by shell fragment, cobbles and mud. Organic contents on the surface sediment varied 1.1-3.9%. Total of 272 species, $33,349\;ind./m^2$ of macrobenthos identified in all of sample area. Polychaetes also prevailed among the specimen. L. longifolia, P. pinnata dominated based on density. Considering on the biomass, echinoderm S. lacunosa, A. tricoides listed. Closer to the coastal area, the density and diversity were higher. Community structure based on cluster analysis was discriminated into three groups. Each group was also characterized by geographical state such as depth, sediment composition. In addition, when applied to the bathymetric data, the channel, which composed to the mixed sediment, made a role of limited factor which characterized to benthic community. Because the specimen around the channel have been affected on the diverse sediment mixture. Most of benthic studies in the southern coast of Korea focused to the condition of benthic organic pollution spatially, because along the coast, it also developed a aquaculture ground and industrial complex. But, as results, most of the area, it turn out the less polluted areas nevertheless similar environment situation. It supposed that benthic community affect to the bottom sediment composition by physical characteristics.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.61-87
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the location, population growth. and cargo concentration of Korean port-cities. In the location theory, Sommer (1976) and McGee (1967) models are newly introduced, as are the Rimmer (1967), Bird (1965), Hoyle (1981) models. which were already introduced in previous studies from Korea. Analysis of population growth in the Korean port-cities is conducted using data from 1966 to 1998. Rimmer and Hoyle's concentration models are used to measure cargo concentration from 1966 to 2000. The main results of this paper are as follows: First, Korean ports are concentrated on the East Sea, the Southern Sea, and the West Sea. Their locations are closely related with the hinterland. the inland city, and growth of port-cities. In considering the foreign countrys' cases, Korean port-cities are similar to the models of Bird and Hoyle. Second, the populations of Ulsan and Pohang grew at the fastest rate in 1966-1998, while the port cities in the Honam and Jeiu region grew at much lower ratios. Most port cities are located near large industrial complexes. Third the growth rates of Gwangyang, Daesan, Pohang, Pyungtaeg, and Samchunpo increased, while those of Busan. Mukho, Masan, Mogpo, Yeosu, and Sokcho declined. Of particular note, the growth rate of Busan remained negative after the late 1980s. Fourth. empirical results using the Rimmer (1967) model indicate that Gwangyang, Daesan, Pyungtag, and Pohang have shown the concentration. But the deconcentration was shown from the Busan, Mukho, Janghang, Gunsan, Mogpo, Yeosu, Masan, Sokcho. and Jeju. Fifth, the concentration of ports located in West coast region has shown the mixed results between concentration and deconcentration except the concentration of early 1970s and 1990s. The concentration of ports located in East coast region has shown the concentration before the middle of 1980s. And deconcentration after the middle of 1980s have appeared. The Southern coast region has shown the continuous deconcentration except the partial concentration of early 1986. and 1991. Planners of Korean ports should find out the factors of concentration and deconcentration of each ports and should determine factors such as investment priority level. size and scope in order to ensure the balanced development of regional ports and port-cities.