• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.62-70
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• 2007

Recently, the increasing trend for the transshipment traffic of Busan port in Korea is slowing down because of the extensive development plan of domestic ports in china. For solving this problem, Korea is going on the project for preoccupying the transshipment port for attraction of port traffic from the newly potential markets(NPM) based on the Northeast Asia area. As a part of the project, this paper proposes the efficient methodology for selecting the optimal shipping network and strategic transshipment port within NPM using the mathematical models and simulation analysis. For that, we firstly find the alternative transshipment ports within NPM through the status analysis of the current port traffic and shipping network and then, we choose the candidate transshipment-ports in order of minimizing the transport costs through the mathematical approach. With the scenarios based on the selected transshipment-ports, we perform the simulation analysis for choosing the optimal transshipment-ports and the shipping network minimizing the total costs and times concurrently. We expect that the results of this paper will be used efficiently when korea select the strategic transshipment-port in the future.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.101-109
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• 2003

The wavy extinction of quartz can be used as a standard indicator showing the degree of rock deformation. In determine the degree of rock deformation, the intensity of wavy extinction (IWE) of quartz was measured using polarizing microscope, digital camera, and NIH Image program. This method was applied to the granite of Pocheon-Gisanri area, which are divided three type; biotite granite (Gb), garnet biotite granite (Ggb) and two mica granite (Gtm). In this study, measurement of wavy extinction was proceeded Ggb in eastern part and Gb in western part based on the Pocheoneup. The result was that Gb shows low deformation degree below D2, and Ggb represents high deformation degree above D3, generally showing that increasing deformation degree from northwest to southeast in the studied area. It is suggested that the fault which penetrated Ggb in 1/250,000 geological map affected the deformation degree of Ggb.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2017

A Lahar on the volcanic area is one of the important hazard that can cause the loss of life and property damage. In order to estimate lahar hazard area at Ulleung Island, we simulated lahar inundation area using Laharz_py. We assumed 400 m of additional elevation for DEM to draw proximal hazard zone of Ulleung Island that H/L ratio were selected 0.45 and 0.5. And lahar volumes for simulation were estimated to 30,000, 50,000, 70,000, $100,000m^3$, respectively. In the results, 5 streams are located near a proximal hazard zone, Jeodong (east), Sadong and Okchon (southeast), Namyang (southwest), and Chusan (north), Nari basin is also considered that has a possibility of lahar during downpour. The results of this study can be used as basic data to make a hazard map for reduce the damage that can be caused by volcanic hazards occurred on Ulleung Island.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1403-1411
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• 2008

Wangdol-cho, located 23 km offshore of Hupo in southwest of East Sea, is underwater rock floor, called to Wangdol-Am or Wangdol-Jam and has three tops as Mat-Jam, Middle-Jam and Set-Jam. The composition, abundance, diversity and community structure were investigated in winter and summer in 2002 around Wangdol-cho. The temperature around the Northwest and Southeast part of Wangdol-cho was influenced by the North Korea Cold Current (NKCC) and East Korea Warm Current (EKWC), respectively. Nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentration were higher at the top of Wangdol-cho than other area. A total of 41 genera and 78 species of phytoplankton were identified. The average cell abundance of phytoplankton in winter and summer were $286{\times}10^3\;cells/m^3,\;432{\times}10^3\;cells/m^3$ respectively. The largest community was Bacillariophyta containing 52 taxa. The dominant species were Lauderia anulata and Coscinodiscus spp. which preferred cold water in winter. In contrast, warm water species such as Rhizosolenia stolterfothii and Ceratium spp. were dominant in summer. The average species diversity index of phytoplankton in winter was higher than that in summer. According to dominant species and standing crops, phytoplankton community resulted in a clear separation. One group was western area, which showed low density, and the other was eastern area, which showed the higher density. The abundance and species composition of phytoplankton. were affected by topological characteristics around Wangdol-cho.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.12
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• pp.246-274
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• 2000

This paper discusses the qualification criteria for international hub airport and suggests the strategies for Inchon International Airport (IIA) to be the hub airport in the East Asia. Recently, many East and Southeast Asia countries have invested on large scale international airports like Chap Lak Kok airport, Pudong airport etc.. as Korea have done on IIA. IIA to be open in 2001 will face a serious competition with these airport. Being a hub airport requires geographic proximity. sufficient volume of local traffic. uncongested infrastructure, a good accessibility to surrounding industrial centers. high quality of service to the airline. In order to promote airlines to land at IIA. Korea Government need to establish Open Sky Policy to many countries and national flag carriers of Korea need to be involved in a global alliance. Developing vicinity of IIA as free trade zone will generated more local traffic which makes IIA as more attractive candidate for airlines. The Korea airspace is one of the most restricted area in the world becuase of the national security. which limits civil aircraft maneuvers. The airspace need to be re-structured to exploit the full capacity of IIA.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.55-69
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• 2021

Chungnam region accounts for the largest SO_X (22.8%) emission with the second-largest NO_X (10.8%) emission in Korea due to the integration of many large industrial sources including a steel mill, coal-fired power plants, and petrochemical complex. Air pollutants emitted by large industrial sources can cause harmful problems to humans and the environment. Thus, it is necessary to understand dispersion patterns of air pollutants from large industrial sources in Chungnam to characterize atmospheric contamination in Chungnam and the surrounding area. In this study, seasonal atmospheric dispersion characteristics for SO_X, NO_X, and PM2.5 from ten major point sources in Chungnam were evaluated using HYSPLIT 4 model, and their contributions to SO₂, NO₂ concentrations in the regions near the source areas were estimated. The predictions of the HYSPLIT 4 model show a seasonal different dispersion pattern, in which air pollutants were dispersed toward the southeast in winter while, northeast in summer. In summer, due to weaker wind speed, air pollutants concentrations were higher than in winter, and they were dispersed to the metropolitan area. The local emissions of air pollutants in Taean area had a greater influence on the ambient SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations at Taean, whereas SO_X and NO_X emissions from large sources located at Seosan showed relatevely little effect on the ambient ambient SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations at Seosan.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.201-210
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• 2019

Recently, Korean broadcasting contents experienced difficulty caused by political issues. After the decision of THAAD missiles placement by Korean Government, Chinese government adopted restriction policy of the Korean wave. This kind of political conflict can influence K-wave broadcasting contents at any time, Therefore, it is necessary to build support system for stable and sustainable K-wave growth. Through in-depth interview with ten experts from broadcasting area, this study attempted to diagnose problems of K-wave related law, system and policy, then suggest the improvement plan for K-wave. In addition, this study tried to investigate the possibility of K-wave market diversification. As potential markets for K-wave, the Southeast Asia area and western Europe were considered and the advancement plan for these area were studied. Lastly, K-wave improvement plan for China and Japan, the traditional K-wave market also considered. The research suggested the strategies and alternatives for K-wave broadcasting contents development.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.155-161
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• 2020

Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus), which has never been recorded in South Korea, appeared on Jeju Island in 2018 and re-emerged in the inland area of Seocheon-gun (South Chungcheong Province) and in Goyang-si (Gyeonggi Province) in the following year. This study aims to report the progress in observing P. falcinellus in the inland areas of South Korea in 2019 and to predict its origin region and future propensity for habitats in the country through literature review. On 5 May 2019, an individual of P. falcinellus with breeding feathers was observed in a farmland in Wolsan-ri, Seocheon-gun. Twelve days later, another one was identified in a farmland in Janghang-dong, Goyang-si, about 173 km north of Wolsan-ri. The observed birds fed and rested in the area and stayed for only a day. The individual birds spotted in South Korea in 2019 are conjectured to have come from either Southeast Asia or Australia, among areas located in East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF). This is because P. falcinellus, a species with excellent dispersal capacity, forms a population in new areas during extreme environmental changes in their current habitats, especially droughts. For 2 years, P. falcinellus was observed to be migrating in spring; however, in the future, they may exhibit the same propensity for breeding and habitats as that of birds migrating in autumn. As it is a conspicuous species, effective detection of their arrival requires a survey system that classifies the country by habitat type and involves periodic and multiple observations by experts and citizens.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1999

The heavy metal concentrations in seawater and winkles (Littorina brevicula) collected from the Onsan bay area in southeast of Korea were analyzed. The heavy metal concentrations in the seawater obtained from the most polluted site showed approximately 189. 205. and 110 fold higher cadmium, copper. and zinc concentrations, respectively. than the uncontaminated control site. The contamination levels of these metals in winkles were 11.08 - 2.35, 334.5 - 212.5, and 426.0 - 499.2$\mu\textrm{g}$ per gram dry body weight. respectively. The concentrations of all three metals in both the seawater and winkles decreased gradually with increasing distance from Daejeong stream, suggesting the stream being the major source of heavy metal input into the bay. Among the four body parts of digestive gland and gonad. gill. kidney, and remaining tissue in contaminated winkles, kidney showed the highest accumulation level of cadmium: copper and zinc, however. were more or less distributed among the four body parts. Upon gel filtration chromatography of the cytosol from the kidney of cadmium induced winkles, one cadmium peak corresponded to the elution peak of horse kidney metallothionein.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.393-408
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• 2009

The drastic growth of transnational marriage since the mid-1990s has been a new challenge to Korea. This article aims to provide a comprehension of new ethnicity by focusing on transnational marriage migration in Korea. A steep increase of foreign brides from China and Southeast countries such as Vietnam and the Philippines can be understood in terms of globalization from below. In this context, Korean trend is similar to Taiwan and Japanese ones. But, there are also some differences between them. The inflow of foreign brides has been gradually weakened since 2005 in Korea, as Taiwan has experienced since 2003. In the ratio of foreign brides among total marriage in Korea, rural area show in average two-fold higher than urban areas. However, most foreign brides have settled down in urban areas in aspect of absolute number. Korean Chinese wives most densely concentrate in urban area, followed by Chinese wives, Nevertheless, there are significant differences among foreign brides' residential areas with their nationalities. In this point, the geography of new ethnicity with foreign brides in Korea is likely to be a multi-dimensional space.