• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.86-91
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• 1987

우리나라 사람들의 기호에 알맞는 단옥수수의 수확적기를 구명하기 위하여 3개 보통단옥수수 품종(Great Bell, 단옥 001, Golden Cross Bantam)과 초당옥수수 1개 품종(Crisp Super Sweet 720)을 공시하여 1985년과 1986년에 걸쳐 시험하였다. 시료를 출사 후 15일부터 27일 혹은 33일까지 3일간격으르 심취하여 성숙과정에 따른 종실의 발달, 당, 가용성 고형물, 맞 등의 변화와 이들 상호간의 관계를 조사하여 수확적기를 결정하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 보통단옥수수인 Golden Cross Bantam은 출수후 15일부터 33일까지 입중. 종실건물비율, 전분함량이 계속 증가하였으나 초당옥수수인 Crigp Su-per Sweet 720은 출사 후 27일 이후에는 이들의 증가가 완만하였고 전분축적도 Golden Cross Bant-am보다 훨씬 적었다. 2. 가용성 고형물은 3개 보통단옥수수 품종은 출사 후 27일 혹은 33일까지 증가하였으나 Crisp Super Sweat 720은 24일까지 증가한 후 30일 까지는 같은 수준으로 유지한 후 감소하였다. 수확기의 가용성 고형물은 보통단옥수수 품종이 Criap Super Sweat 720 보다 훨씬 높았다. 3. 종실의 sucrose, fructose. glucose 함양은 3개 보통단옥수수 품종에서는 출사 후 15일에 1∼2％로서 비슷하였으나 그 후 fructose와 glucose는 감소하고, sucrose는 출사 21∼24일까지 증가한 후 감소하여 전당함양은 출사 후 15∼21 일까지는 높게 유지된 후 급격히 감소하였다. 초당옥수수에서는 sucrose, fructose, glucose 모두 출사 후 24 일까지 증가한 후 감소하였다. 따라서 수확기의 주된 당성분은 Sucrose이었으며 최고전당함양은 보통옥수수보다 2∼3배 높았다. 4. 맛을 기준으로 한 수확적기는 출사 후 27일이었다. 가변성 고형물과 맛과는 같은 품종에서는 정의 상관이 있었으나 전당함량과 맛과는 관계가 없거나 부의 상관이 있었다. 전당함양과 가용성 고형물과는 관계가 없거나 부의 상관이 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.925-932
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• 2008

Manufactures of automotive repair finishes are tending to reduce more and more the level of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in their paint processes in order to comply with increasingly strict environmental legislation. The production of high solids paints is a way to solve this problem. However, the application of high-solids paints is limited primarily by the viscosity of resin which is strongly related to painting ability: the higher solid content, the lower desired property. In this study, alkyl copolymer with low viscosity was synthesized by the introduction of the monomers with long-side chains and functional groups which improve flexibility and cross-linking density, respectively. The solid content of the paint prepared with the synthesized resin was 80wt% and its VOCs was reduced by 20%, compared to the commercialized paint. Also, the physical and mechanical properties of coatings on steel sheets were similar to commercialized one.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.571-582
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• 1998

The PLS(Partial Least Square) and ANN(Artificial Neural Network) were introduced to develop the soluble solids content prediction model of apples which is followed by making a subsequent selection of photosensor. For the optimal PLS model, number of factors needed for spectrum analysis were increased until the convergence of prediction residual error sum of squares. Analysis has shown that even part of the overall wavelength with no pretreatment may turn out better performing. The best PLS model was found in the 800 to 1,100nm wavelength region without pretreatment of second derivation, having $R^2$=0.9236, bias= -0.0198bx, SEP=0.2527bx for unknown samples. On the other hand, for the ANN model the second derivation led to higher performance. On partial range of 800 to 1,100nm wavelengh region, prediction model with second derivation for unknown samples reached $R^2$=0.9177, SEP=0.2903bx in contrast to $R^2$=0.7507, SEP =0.4622bx without pretreatment.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.1031-1040
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• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding milk replacer (MR) with varying levels of lactose and the increased supply of total solids (from 750 to 960 g/d) on performance, blood metabolites, and health of Holstein male calves during the preweaning period. Methods: Forty newborn Holstein calves (10 per treatment) were blocked according to birth weight and date of birth and distributed in a randomized block design to different liquid diets: Whole milk powder (WMP) diluted to 125 g/L solids; MR with 48% lactose (48L), diluted to 125 g/L solids; MR with 53% lactose (53L), diluted to 125 g/L solids; 53L MR corrected to 160 g/L solids (16TS) by the inclusion of a solid corrector. Calves were individually housed in wood hutches, fed 6 L/d of the liquid diet, and had free water and starter concentrate access. The study lasted 56 days. Results: Liquid diet intake was higher for calves fed 16TS than for other treatments. Calves fed 16TS presented higher protein and fat intake, followed by those fed WMP and the 48L or 53L MRs. Lactose intake was higher for 16TS-fed calves, followed by 53L, 48L, and WMP-fed calves. Starter and total dry matter intake did not differ among liquid diets. The average daily gain was higher for 16TS than 48L-fed calves, with the other treatments being intermediary. The lowest feed efficiency was observed for calves fed 48L. No effects on health were observed, as well as on selected blood metabolites, except for albumin concentration, which was higher for calves fed 16TS and WMP. Conclusion: Higher total solids content (160 g/L) in MR increases nutrient intake and consequently improves the performance of dairy calves. Feeding MRs with levels of lactose up to 53% of the DM had no deleterious effect on the performance or health of the calves.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.565-570
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• 2007

한라봉의 생육과정과 수확 후에 온도처리에 따른 품질변화를 검토하였다. 한라봉은 12월 초순까지 지속적으로 당도($^{\circ}Brix$)가 증가하였다. 한라봉 변이품종인 M16A에서는 10월 이후에 산 함량이 감소가 두드러져 1% 수준을 유지하였다. 그러나 한라봉에서는 산 함량의 감소가 지속적으로 일어나, 1월 중순 이후에도 산 함량이 높아 후숙처리가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 과일의 경도는 11월까지 서서히 감소하여 1,000 g-force 수준을 유지하였다. 가용성고형물 함량은 $13.3{\pm}0.83^{\circ}Brix$, 산 함량은 $1.07{\pm}0.52%$였다. 온도처리에 따른 가용성고형물 함량은 온도처리 후에 저장기간이 길어질수록 높아졌다. 온도처리로 산 함량이 서서히 감소하는 경향이었다. 그러나 산 함량이 높은 한라봉에서는 산 함량 감소가 늦어져 기호성이 낮아 저장기간을 연장하는 일이 필요하였다. 온도처리에 따른 경도는 처리온도와 처리시간에 상관없이 저장기간이 길어질수록 서서히 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 재배과정에서의 수분관리를 포함하여 수확 후에 $35^{\circ}C$ 이상으로 처리온도를 높이거나, 저장기간을 연장하면서 산 함량의 변화를 측정하여 출고하는 일이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.88-95
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• 1980

Red ginseng was extracted with water and analyzed for yield, saponin, pectin and other chemical composition. It was found that: (1) The total solid content in extract after 6 times of extraction was 46.8%,: including 13.6% of centrifugal residue; (2) 83.7% of total extractable solids and 86% total saponin was extracted after the initial three runs of extraction. (3) No significant changes were observed in HPLC pattern of extracted saponins over a range of extractions; (4) The ratio of centrifugal residue to total solids increased as the number of extractions increased; (5) The ratios of fat, protein, reducing sugar and pectin contents decreased with repeating extraction while those of crude fiber, total sugar and 35% alcohol insoluble residue increased when they were compared with total solids.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1994

Soluble solids($^{\circ}$Brix), acid content and edible part ratio of Citrus unshiu collected at sorting Places in south Cheju area wee more lowered, and peel thickness was more thickened with increasing fruit size. Compared to early variety of Citurs unshiu(C. unshiu Miyakawa Mar), peel thickness of medium variety of Citurs unshiu(C. unshiu Hayashi Mar) was more thickened, and edible part ratio was more lowered with increasing fruit size. Soluble solids of medium variety of Citurs unshiu were lowered, and acid contents were increased compared to early variety. Processing properties for pressing concentrated juice was good for early variety of Citurs unshiu, especially on fruit diameter of 50-65mm. Soluble solids, acid contents and juice ratio were decreased with increasing peel thickness. The quality properties for fresh fruit with peel thickness had a good correlation on early variety of Citurs unshiu, and these data are supposed to be applied to the quality evaluation of Citurs unshiu produced in Cheju.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2009

Old newspaper was deinked using commercial cellulolytic enzymes and a surfactant complex at low alkalinity. The properties of the deinked pulp(DIP) were evaluated and the suspended solids content, cationic demand, turbidity, and chemical oxygen demand(COD) of the process water were measured. The results can summarized as follows, 1. The brightness and yield of the DIP were improved using enzymatic surfactant complex deinking. 2. The amount of foaming during deinking with the enzyme surfactant complex was higher than that with synthetic surfactant deinking. However, it was not sufficient to cause process problem. 3. The pH and turbidity of the white water from deinking with the enzyme surfactant complex were similar to those of the white water from surfactant deinking. 4. The suspended solids content, cationic demand, and COD of the white water from deinking with the enzyme surfactant complex were improved compared to those of the white water from surfactant deinking.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2002

In this paper, PVA(polyvinylalcohol), oxidized starch and SBR latex were used as binders for ink-jet printing papers, and their effects of the type and blending ratio of binders on ink-jet printing properties were compared. In case of coating color using PVA mainly used for a binder in ink-jet printing, spreading of printed letters decreased and excellent images were manifested resulting from strong hydrophilic of PVA. However, increasing solids content of coating color was somewhat limited because of the interaction of PVA and functional groups in silica as well as high molecular weight of PVA. When oxidized starch and SBR latex were mixed with PVA at desirable ratio to solve these problems, runnability in coating process was improved and good printing properties were shown. Gloss was improved when latex was used along with PVA as a binder because of the thermoplastic property of the latex. From this result, possibilities of high solids content and high gloss ink-jet printing papers were investigated.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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• pp.728-736
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• 1996

Solid/Liquid(S/L) separation is crucial for biological treatment of animal wastewater. Liquid portion from S/L separation has less BOD-load and proper post-strip treatment can be obtained . Screen or declined sieve was normally used to separate the solid parts. For better separating efficiency a vibration and a cylindrical separator were constructed and tested. The results are summarized as follows : Solids removal efficiency and moisture content of separated solid were 15-26% and 85-88%, respectively for the vibration separator. For the cylindrical separator, solid removal efficiency and moisture content of solid were 16-39% and 86-89% , respectively. The greatest amount of drymatter was obtained when operating vibration separator with 10。 inclination and 100% vibrating power. For the cylindrical separator maximum efficiency was obtained with 40rpm and 19 inclination . The vibration and the cylindrical separator have shown 21% and 26% in BOD removal, respectively. These two types of separator were proved to be applicable methods for animal wastewater separation.