• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.369-373
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• 2004

In order to elucidate the possibility of artificial production of p. ferulae by solid-state culture, the optimization of culture conditions was carried out. When $NH_4H_2PO_4$ and $CaCO_3$ were used in the cultures using test tube with 30 g of Populus sawdust at $25^{\circ}C{\pm}1$ in the dark, the favored mycelial growth was observed with $1\%$ of $NH_4H_2PO_4$ and the production of polysaccharide was 7.85 mg/100 mg of mycelium with $1\%$ of $CaCO_3$. The mixtures of $80\%$ of Populus Sawdust and $20\%$ of rice bran at $60\%$ of water content were determined to be optimal for the production of fruiting bodies in the sawdust culture. When three treatments containing various ratios of garlic powder were conducted, yields of fruiting bodies were drasti[ally higher than those of Synthetic mixture without garlic powder The highest yield (143 g/bag) was obtained with $7\%$ garlic powder. The yield of synthetic mixture containing $7\%$ of garlic powder was $83\%$ higher than that of Sawdust culture. The reason why garlic powder did support growth was not clear but it is possible that garlic powder might contain effective components for the formation of fruiting body. The optimal synthetic mixture composition consisted of cotton seed $77\%$, lime $6.4\%,\;K_2HPO_4\;0.2\%,\;KH_2PO_4\;0.2\%,\;CaHPO_4\;0.2\%$, corn flour $4\%$, wheat flour $5\%$, and garlic pow-der $7\%$.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2005

Monascus purpureus KCCM 60016을 이용하여 다량의 색소생산 변이주를 개발하고 생산조건에 대하여 조사하였다. 자외선 조사로 M. purpureus KCCM 60016으로부터 돌연변이를 유도한 결과, 색소생성이 우수한 P-57 변이주를 분리하였다. 분리된 P-57 변이주는 고체 배양에서 현미를 기질로 했을 때 색소생성이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 색소생성의 최적 배양조건은 배양온도 $30^{\circ}C,\;90\%$의 배양습도에서 30일간 배양이 가장 우수했다. 이상의 조건에서 배양한 적색색소, 오렌지색소와 황색색소의 양은 각각 160.0 unit, 193.6 unit와 141.6 units-나타났다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1478-1483
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• 2009

곡물을 소재로 혈행개선에 효과 있는 물질을 개발하기 위하여 Bacillus subtilis BK-17을 이용하여 고체 배양을 시도하였다. 고체배양에 접종하는 미생물은 영양세포보다 포자 접종이 혈전용해효소 생산에 효과적이었다. 포자 생산을 위한 배지는 SFM (0.8% nutrient broth, 0.05% yeast extract, $10^{-1}$ M $MgCl_2$, $10^{-3}$ M $FeCl_3$, $10^{-4}$ $MnCl_2$, $10^{-5}$ M dipicolic acid, pH 6.5)이 최적이었고, 포자 생성에 대한 최적 pH 와 온도는 각각 pH6과 $30^{\circ}C$였으며 포자는 배양 후 60 시간에서 가장 많은 생산을 보였다. 각종 곡물을 기질로 하였을 때 녹두가 혈전용해능이 가장 높았으며 강낭콩, 검정콩, 대두, 옥수수는 녹두의 약 90% 수준의 활성으로 높은 혈전용해능을 보였다. 반면에 보리와 밀과 같은 탄수화물 곡물은 낮은 활성을 보였다. 고체 배양한 발효 대두는 단백질과 지질 함량에 있어 발효하지 않은 대두보다 약 10% 이상의 높은 수치를 보였다. 또한 필수 아미노산과 일반 아미노산의 함량 역시 발효 대두 쪽이 약 5 - 20% 높은 것으로 보아 혈행개선기능성 뿐만 아니라 식품으로 실용 가능성이 높은 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.184-189
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• 1994

구름 버섯균(C. versicolor)를 고체배양(solid-substrate culture)하여 단백다당류를 생산하기 위한 각종조건을 검토하였다. 여러가지 고체재료가 이용될 수 있으나 배양 후 단백다당류의 열수추출 과정에서의 부적합성 등의 이유로 인하여 실질적으로 zeolite나 난 재배용 토양이 이용 가능한 천연고체 재료라고 볼 수 있다. Zeolite와 난 재배용 토양을 이용한 고체발효에서 단백다당류 생산에 미치는 탄소원의 영향을 검토한 결과 glucose, sucrose 및 starch에서 단백다당류 생산량이 높게 나타났으며, 질소원중에서는 bactosoytone과 peptone이 고체발효에 의한 단백다당류 생산에 가장 적합한 질소원으로 확인되었다. 단백다당류 생산을 위한 고체발효에서 최적 pH범위는 5-6이었고, 고체재료 100 g당 조단백다당류 생산량이 5-6 mg에 이르렀다. 배지조성별 단백다당류의 생산성 시험의 결과 C. versicolor의 최적배지 조성인 CVM에서 최고의 생산성을 보였으며, 종합적으로 균사성장에 적합한 조건에서 단백다당류의 생산성도 높다고 하겠다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.236-242
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of the application of kimchi LAB as starter culture in the production of fermented sausages. For this, the solid-state model media composed to simulate the substantial conditions of meat mixtures were fermented for 120 h after the treatment with different concentrations of kimchi (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 3.0, and 5.0%) and lyophilized kimchi-powder (0.2 % and 0.5%). During the fermentation period, the growth of total viable cells and LAB, and the changes of pH and titratable acidity were investigated. The initial LAB counts ranged from 7.18 to 8.34 Log CFU/ mL for kimchi media and from 6.93 to 6.94 Log CFU/mL for kimchi-powder media depending on the added concentrations. The kimchi LAB in this study were not influenced by the immobilized condition for their adaptation and growth by showing no lag phase and thus acted similar as in the submerged medium. The initially increased counts reached around 9 Log CFU/ mL in 12 h independent of the concentrations of a ded kimchi. However, the growth and metabolic activity of kimchi-powder LAB were influenced by the immobilized condition. Supposedly, as the nutrient supply in solid-state depended solely on diffusion, these differences in the souring properties were caused by the LAB topography in the medium matrix. Nevertheless, the differences in the numbers of LAB between two media were less than 0.5 Log units and the pH drop in the solidstate batches was quite rapid and reached low values. Therefore, it can be assumed that kimchi and kimchi-powder LAB showed the utility as the substitute of commercial starter culture even without a rehydrating pretreatment.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.13-16
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• 2001

Maltose and soluble starch were used as secondary sources of carbon for glucoamylase production by Aspergillus awamori in solid state fermentation. During batch cultivation, maltose above 2.5%(w/w) repressed glucoamylase production, but, by adding either 2.5% (w/w) maltose or 1.25% (w/w) soluble starch to fed-batch cultivations, glucoamylase activity was increased by 15% and 170% over standard medium, respectively. The data showed that maltose is a weak inducer of glucoamylase production in solid stat fermentation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.1333-1339
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• 2011

뽕잎(Morus alba leaves)의 생리활성을 증강시키기 위하여 solid-state culture 방법을 이용하여 노루궁뎅이버섯 균사체(Hericium erinaceum)를 뽕잎에 배양하여 조제한 노루궁뎅이버섯 균사체-뽕잎발효물(MA-HE)을 열수(MA-HE-HW)와 에탄올(MA-HE-E)로 추출하였다. MA-HE의 용매 추출물 중 MA-HE-HW는 $100\;{\mu}g$/mL의 시료농도에서 시료대조군인 비발효 뽕잎 또는 액체배양으로 얻은 노루궁뎅이 균사체 종균의 열수추출물(MA-HW와 HE-HW)보다 증강된 마이토젠 및 장관면역활성을 나타내었다(각각 saline 대조군의 1.41과 1.52배). 한편, LPS로 자극한 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage에서 염증반응에 중요하게 관여하는 매개인자인 nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$ 및 IL-6의 생성 억제효과를 확인한 결과, MA-HE-E는 $1,000\;{\mu}g$/mL의 농도에서 LPS 처리군 및 시료대조군보다 유의적으로 증강된 항염증활성을 나타내었다(LPS 처리군의 45.1, 41.3, 70.2와 55.7% 억제). 또한, RAW 264.7 세포에 대하여 노루궁뎅이버섯 균사체-뽕잎발효물의 MA-HE-HW와 MA-HE-E는 $1,000\;{\mu}g$/mL의 고농도에서도 독성을 나타내지 않았으나 시료대조군 중 에탄올추출물인 HE-E와 MA-E는 각각 80.1과 30.7%의 세포생존률을 나타내어 독성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 solid-state culture를 이용한 노루궁뎅이버섯 균사체의 뽕잎발효는 비발효 뽕잎보다 면역활성 및 항염증활성을 증가시킬 뿐만 아니라 독성을 감소시키는데 중요하게 작용하고 있어 균사체 발효과정에서 뽕잎에 생물학적인 전환과정이 일어나고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1690-1698
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• 2014

Partial purification of glucoamylase from solid-state fermentation culture was, firstly, investigated by reverse micellar extraction (RME). To avoid back extraction problems, the glucoamylase was kept in the original aqueous phase, while the other undesired proteins/enzymes were moved to the reverse micellar organic phase. The individual and interaction effects of main factors (i.e., pH and NaCl concentration in the aqueous phase, and concentration of sodium bis-2-ethyl-hexyl-sulfosuccinate (AOT) in the organic phase) were studied using response surface methodology. The optimum conditions for the maximum recovery of the enzyme were pH 2.75, 100 mM NaCl, and 200 mM AOT. Furthermore, the optimum organic to aqueous volume ratio ($V_{org}/V_{aq}$) and appropriate number of sequential extraction stages were 2 and 3, respectively. Finally, 60% of the undesired enzymes including proteases and xylanases were removed from the aqueous phase, while 140% of glucoamylase activity was recovered in the aqueous phase and the purification factor of glucoamylase was found to be 3.0-fold.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2012

The present study was conducted to develop persimmon peel, a by-product of dried persimmon manufacturing, as a feed additive via lactic acid bacteria fermentation. Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and three strains of Leuconostoc mesenteroides were used as a starter culture in the solid state fermentation of persimmon peel, and antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content were assessed. Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCTC 3100 showed high antioxidant activity (p<0.05), whereas Pediococcus pentosaceus showed high total polyphenol content (p<0.05). These two strains were thus selected as starter culture strains. Glucose, sucrose and molasses were used as variables for optimization and a total 15 experimental runs were produced according to Box-Behnken design. Regarding significant effects of variables, molasses showed linear and square effects on antioxidant activity of persimmon peel fermentation (p<0.05). In conclusion, optimum concentrations of glucose, sucrose, and molasses were determined to be 4.2, 3.9 and 5.3 g/L, respectively, using a response surface model. Antioxidant activity was also improved 2.5 fold after optimization.

• Mycobiology
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2023

Cordyceps fumosorosea is an important species in the genus of Cordyceps, containing a variety of bioactive compounds, including fumosorinone (FU). This study was a ground-breaking assessment of FU levels in liquid and solid cultures. The present study focused on the impacts of solid-state fermentation (SSF) using solid substrates (wheat, oat, and rice), as well as the effects of fermentation parameters (pH, temperature, and incubation period), on the generation of FU. All the fermentation parameters had significant effects on the synthesis of FU. In a study of 25 ℃, 5.5 pH, and 21 days of incubation period combinations calculated -to give maximal FU production, it was found that the optimal values were 25 ℃, 5.5 pH, and 21 days, respectively. In a solid substrate medium culture, FU could be produced from SSF. At 30 days, a medium composed of rice yielded the most FU (798.50 mg/L), followed by a medium composed of wheat and oats (640.50 and 450.50 mg/L), respectively. An efficient method for increasing FU production on a large scale could be found in this approach. The results of this study might have multiple applications in different industrial fermentation processes.