• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제35회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.800-803
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• 2010

Tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene(이하 THTCPD)의 이성질체는 높은 밀도와 높은 발열량을 가지고 있어 고성능 액체 연료의 주요성분으로 활용이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 상온에서 고체상태로 유동성이 좋지 않은 THTCPD를 흐름성이 우수한 액체상태 특성을 가질 수 있게 할 수 있는 최적의 반응조건을 찾는 것이다. THTCPD의 이성화 반응은 반응온도 변화와 반응용매의 영향 등의 다양한 반응조건을 통해 살펴보았다. 알루미늄클로라이드 촉매를 사용하여 실험한 결과 사용한 반응용매 중 Dichloromethane(Methylene Chloride: MC), 1,2-Dichloroethane(Ethylene Chloride: EC), Chloroform이 n-Hexane, Toluene보다 이성화 반응에서 우수한 특성을 나타내었으며, 반응온도도 이성화반응에 영향을 크게 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2014

본 연구는 달 탐사 적용을 위한 하이브리드 추진 시스템의 기초 연구로서 산화제 유량 제어를 통한 추력제어 연구를 수행하였다. 산화제 유량 제어를 위해 볼밸브(ball valve)와 스텝 모터(stepping motor)를 이용하여 유량 제어 시스템을 구축하였으며, 산화제 및 연료는 각각 기체 산소(gas oxygen)와 고밀도 폴리에틸렌(High Density PolyEthylene)을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 산화제 유량 제어를 통해 목표 추력 제어 비율(53%, 32%)로 추력제어가 이루어 졌으며, 각각의 구간 내에서 추력이 일정하게 유지 되는 것을 확인 하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

A dense mixed ionic and electronic conducting ceramic membrane is one of the most promising materials because it can be used for separation of oxygen from the mixture gas. The $ABO_3$ perovskite structure shows high chemical stability at high temperatures under reduction and oxidation atmospheres. $BaCo_{1-x-y}Fe_xZr_yO_{3-{\delta}}$ (BCFZ) was well-known material as high mechanical strength, low thermal conductivity and stability in the high valence state. Glycine Nitrate Process (GNP) is rapid and effective method for powder synthesis using glycine as a fuel and show higher product crystallinity compared to solid state reaction and citrate-EDTA method. BCFZ was fabricated by modified glycine nitrate process. In order to control the burn-up reaction, $NH_4NO_3$ was used as extra nitrate. According to X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results, BCFZ was single phase regardless of Zr dopants from y=0.1 to 0.3 on B sites. The green compacts were sintered at $1200^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. Oxygen permeability, methane partial oxidation rate and hydrogen production ability of the membranes were characterized by using Micro Gas Chromatography (Micro GC) under various condition. The high oxygen permeation flux of BCFZ 1-451 was about $1ml{\cdot}cm^{-2}s^{-1}$. Using the humidified Argon gas, BCFZ 1-433 produced hydrogen about $1ml{\cdot}cm^{-2}s^{-1}$.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.202-208
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• 1999

[ $50/50 vol\%$ ] LSM-YSZ의 양극은 콜로이드 증착법에 의해 YSZ 전해질상에 증착하였다. 양극 특성은 주사전자현미경과 임피던스 분석기에 의해 고찰하였다. LSM-YSZ양극의 제조 조건에 따른 영향을 관찰하였으며, 그 영향에 대한 개선책이 고체산화물 연료전지의 성능향상을 위해 제시되었다. 임피던스에 대한 온도, YSZ전해질로의 양극 접착에 대한 표면 오염, 사용하는 Pt 페이스트, 미세구조에 대한 곡표면에 가해진 연무질 분사기술과 셀과 셀의 변동성에 대한 영향들은 각각 $900^{\circ}C$ 측정, YSZ표면 연마, 일단의 Pt페이스트 사용, 평편한 YSZ판의 사용과 일관된 절차와 기술의 사용에 의해 해결되었다. 이때 재현성 있는 임피던스 스펙트럼들이 향상된 셀을 사용함으로써 얻어졌고, $900^{\circ}C$에서 (공기)LSM-YSZ/YSZ/LSM-YSZ(공기) 셀에 대해 측정된 전형적인 임피던스 스펙트럼들은 2개의 불완전한 호로 구성되었다. 또한 LSM-YSZ 양극의 임피던스 특성은 촉매층, 양극 조성, 인가 전류 등과 같은 실험 조건들에 의해서도 영향을 받았다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.609-616
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• 1992

This study has been investigated on the milling of Aluminium Distearate (ADS) powder and characteristics of the ADS-doped UO2 pellets. As-received ADS powder of the agglomerated particles has not shown any milling effect because of heat generated during planetary milling. But the use of coolant to effectively remove heat generated during milling has been found an effective way in breaking up the agglomerates of ADS powder. The green density of the UO2 pellet decreases with the amount of ADS powder doped. Therefore, in order to get the sintered density of 95% pellet decreases with the amount of ADS powder doped. Therefore, in order to get the sintered density of 95% theoretical density, the 200 ppm ADS-doped UO2 pellet has to be pressed under higher compacting pressure of 3500~4000 kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ compared with the ADS-undoped UO2 pellet pressed under around 3000 kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The ADS-dpoed UO2 pellet with even relatively low sintered density of 10.27 g/㎤ exhibits open porosity of 1% while open porosity of the ADS-undoped UO2 pellet is reduced to around 1% only after its sintered density increases to 10.43g/㎤. It is, therefore, concluded that doping of ADS powder significantly contributes to the decrease in open porosity of the UO2 pellet. The dilatometry of the ADS doped UO2 pellet shows the sintering rate curve with the bimodal mode, which could be attributed to a phase reaction between UO2 and ADS. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that there occurs not any new phase formed but the shift of the peaks. It would be expected that a phase reaction resulting in solid solution would happen in the temperature range of 130$0^{\circ}C$ to 150$0^{\circ}C$ between UO2 and ADS.

• Carbon letters
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• 제18권
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• pp.49-55
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• 2016

Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) produced using municipal solid waste was pyrolyzed to produce RDF char. For the first time, the RDF char was used to remove aqueous copper, a representative heavy metal water pollutant. Activation of the RDF char using steam and KOH treatments was performed to change the specific surface area, pore volume, and the metal cation quantity of the char. N₂ sorption, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the char. The optimum pH for copper removal was shown to be 5.5, and the steam-treated char displayed the best copper removal capability. Ion exchange between copper ions and alkali/alkaline metal cations was the most important mechanism of copper removal by RDF char, followed by adsorption on functional groups existing on the char surface. The copper adsorption behavior was represented well by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum copper removal capacity was determined to be 38.17 mg/g, which is larger than those of other low-cost char adsorbents reported previously.

• 세라미스트
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.211-230
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• 2020

Perovskite-type oxides with the nominal composition of ABO₃ can exsolve the B-site transition metal upon the controlled reduction. In this exsolution process, the transition metal emerges from the oxide lattice and migrates to the surface at which it forms catalytically active nanoparticles. The exsolved nanoparticles can recover back to the bulk lattice under oxidation treatment. This unique regeneration character by the redox treatment provides uniformly dispersed noble metal nanoparticles. Therefore, the conventional problem of traditional impregnated metal/support, i.e., sintering during reaction, can be effectively avoided by using the exsolution phenomenon. In this regard, the catalysts using the exsolution strategy have been well studied for a wide range of applications in energy conversion and storage devices such as solid oxide fuel cells and electrolysis cells (SOFCs and SOECs) because of its high thermal and chemical stability. On the other hand, although this exsolution strategy can also be applied to gas phase reaction catalysts, it has seldomly been reviewed. Here, we thus review recent applications of the exsolution catalysts to the gas phase reactions from the aspects of experimental measurements, where various functions of the exsolved particles were utilized. We also review non-perovskite type metal oxides that might have exolution phenomenon to provide more possibilities to develop higher efficient catalysts.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.30-31
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• 2006

The LSCF cathode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell was investigated to develop high performance unit cell at intermediate temperature by modified oxalate method with different electrolyte. The LSCF precursors using oxalic acid, ethanol and $NH_4OH$ solution were prepared at $80^{\circ}C$, and pH was controlled as 2, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. The synthesis precursor powders were calcined at $800^{\circ}C$, $1000^{\circ}C$ and $1200^{\circ}C$ for 4hrs. Unit cells were prepared with the calcined LSCF cathode, buffer layer between cathode and each electrolyte that is the LSGM, YSZ, ScSZ and CeSZ. The synthesis LSCF powders by modified oxalate method were measured by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The interfacial polarization resistance of cell was characterized by Solatron 1260 analyzer. The crystal of LSCF powders show single phase at pH 2, 6, 7, 8 and 9, and the average particle size was about $3{\mu}m$. The electric conductivity of synthesis LSCF cathode which was calcined at $1200^{\circ}C$ shows the highest value at pH 7. The cell consist of GDC had the lowest interfacial resistance (about 950 S/cm@650) of the cathode electrode. The polarization resistance of synthesis LSCF cathode by modified oxalate method has the value from 4.02 to 7.46ohm at $650^{\circ}C$. GDC among the electrolytes, shows the lowest polarization resistance.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.305-305
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• 2007

SOFC용 밀봉유리$({\sim}10.0{\times}10^{-7}/K)$의 열팽창 계수를 SUS430$({\sim}12.0{\times}10^{-7}/K)$ 인터커넥터에 매칭 시키기 위하여 모유리에 비하여 열팽창계수가 큰 $CaTiO_3\;({\sim}13.5{\times}10^{-7}/K)$ 입자를 필러로서 첨가하였다. 필러입자의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 밀봉재의 열팽창 계수가 증가하고, 동일 함량의 필러를 첨가하는 경우 필러 입자의 크기가 작을 수록 밀봉재의 연화점 상승 폭이 커서 SUS430 기판과의 접합 상태가 불량해짐을 관찰하였다. 필 테스트, 접합시험, 미세구조 분석 등을 통하여 필러 입자 크기가 증가 할 수록 SUS430과의 접합이 가능한 범위 내에서 보다 많은 양의 필러를 첨가하는 것이 가능하기 때문에 열팽창 계수 제어가 용이하다는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2016

As an alternative fuel, biodiesel has excellent lubricating property. Previously, our research group reported that the properties of biodiesels depended on their composed molecular structure. In this study, we investigate lubricity and the mechanism of lubricity improvement of synthesized biodiesel molecules. We synthesize four types of biodiesel components from fatty acid via fisher esterification and soybean biodiesel from soybean oil via transesterification in high yield (92-96%). We analyze the lubricity of the five 5 types of biodiesel using HFRR (high frequency reciprocating rig). We estimate that the mechanism of lubricity is relevant to the molecular structure and structure conversion of biodiesel. The test results indicate that the longer the length of molecules and the higher the content of olefin, the better the lubricity of the biodiesel molecules. However, the wear scar size of the first test samples’ do not show a regular pattern with the wear scar size of the second test samples’. Moreover, we investigated the structure conversion of the biodiesels by using GC-MS for the recovered biodiesel samples from the HFRR test. However, we do not detect structure conversion. Thus, we conclude that the lubricity of biodiesel depends on how effectively solid adsorption and boundary lubrication occurs based on the size of the molecule and the content of olefin in the molecule. In addition, HFRR test condition in not sufficient for Diels-Alder cyclization of biodiesel components.