• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.419-421
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• 2008

Sputter deposition on a Pt counter electrode was studied using RF plasma as the improvement of conversion efficiency for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC). The effects of the sputtering thickness and incident angle on a Pt counter electrode for DSC was scrutinized. We conducted the experiment to get the optimal sputtering time for the performance of the DSC. Under the sputtering time condition of 120 seconds, we varied the incident angles of substrate from $0^{\circ}$ to $60^{\circ}$. Under standard test condition (AM 1.5, 100mW/$cm^2$), we obtained the maximum efficiency of 4.61% at the incident angle of $40^{\circ}$ with an active cell area of $1cm^2$.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.588-593
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• 2010

Sputter deposition on a Pt counter electrode was studied using radio frequency (RF) plasma as the improvement of incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Effects of the sputtering thickness and the incident angle on a Pt counter electrode for DSCs were investigated. Experiments to get the optimal sputtering time for the performance of the DSCs were carried out. And it is found that the optimized sputtering time was 120 seconds, in addition, the incident angles of the substrate was adjusted from $0^{\circ}$ to $60^{\circ}$. The maximum efficiency of 5.37% was obtained at the incident angle of $40^{\circ}$ with an active cell area of $1cm^2$.

• 태양에너지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 1999

A building and the solar are related to the privilege of solar benefit. To make step, it is required to build up an object, chase the position of object and the solar, find the shadow occurrence. On the subject of direct illuminance, an intensive emission of irradiation is proposed to directly project to the benefit area. Simultaneously on the indirect illuminance, the integration of a finite element incident to the benefit area can be multiplied by the hemisphere luminance. A caution should be paid to eliminate the occupation area of the object around on the hemispherical sky, which can help run more accurate prediction.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2010

Photovoltaic solar cells are all in the incident because they are not converted into electrical energy, high-efficiency solar cells in order to reduce the loss of elements must be. Significant factor in the loss of solar cells, optical loss and electrical loss can be divided into. Optical losses occur when the sun will be joined on the surface of the reflection, the shadow loss due to electrodes, and the losses are in the solar wavelengths. Commercialization is currently the most common solar cells on the front of the light incident on the electrode is formed. Therefore, the shadow caused by the electrode to cover the dead area of the sun, due to factors that hinder the absorption of sunlight which is shadowing them and conversion efficiency of solar cells is the inhibition factor. These barriers to eliminate the electrode linewidth reduces the shadowing to reduce, but simply of the electrode line width is reduced electrode area by reducing the series resistance elevates this because to improve the electrode Aspect ratio(height/width) to increase Ag development of paste is required. In this study, aspect ratio of screen-printing method to increase the electrode Ag paste composition of the binder for the characterization of rheology in the shadow of the electrode by reducing the optical loss of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells to boost the performance measures was. Properties and printability of the paste, the binder resin sintered characteristics that affect the thermal properties are excellent with a good screen printability acrylic resin, ethyl cellulose, using a resin were evaluated. Prepared paste rheology properties, was formed to evaluate the electrode conductivity and aspect ratio.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.183-219
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• 1997

In this research, the intensity of solar energy, which was injected to the different angle plane every hour day by day, was technically documented and quantitatively analyzed through actual observations. In order to group every days into days with similar intensity, graph was drawn with respect to time for every dary and each area value under the curve was calculated. Then, the search for grouped days having similar intensity curve patterns was carried out. In order to maximize the efficiency of solar energy systems, the optimum incident angle of absorber plate was derived.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.221-236
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• 1979

The three years Performance of a liquid type solar heating system has been determined for a system which has been determined for a system which has been operating continuously since 1976 in Seoul with no serious maintenance. A flat plate collector is used to transform incident solar radiation into thermal energy. This energy is stored if the form of sensible energy and used as needed to supply the space heating loads. An electric auxiliary heaters are provided to supply energy for space heating load when the energy in the storage tank is depleted. The ratio of useful collected solar heat divided by the total solar radiation on the collector was obtained about 84 per cent. It is also obtained the relation between ratio of solar collector area to the heating area and the ratio of useful collected solar energy to the heating load for the useful design data. A comparison between the measured and simulated results with the solar space heating system is described. Hour by hour simulation is made on unsteady state basis using the system parameters and meteorological data at the experiment site. The result of comparison turned out satisfactory for the solar heating system, though the simulation was formed somewhat higher than by experimental.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1999

플라스틱온실의 생산비용 절감을 위하여 2단 재배를 시도할 때, 그 생육환경의 적정성을 검토하고자 주요 생육환경 요소인 온도, 습도, 광, 양액온도, 공기속도를 비교하였다. 특히 2단 베드의 구성과 광환경과의 관계로부터 광환경 적정화 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 그 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 상.하 베드 주요 생육환경의 측정결과를 보면, 상단베드의 최고온도는 38.3$^{\circ}C$, 하단베드의 최고온도는 35.5$^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. 양액 온도는 상.하단 모두 20~$25^{\circ}C$ 범위였으며 하단의 온도가 1$^{\circ}C$ 정도 낮은 것을 알 수 있다. 상대습도는 상 하단 모두 야간에는 95% 정도로 높게 나타났으며 주간에는 상단 60~70% 범위, 하단 65~80% 범위로 하단이 10%정도 높게 측정되었다. PPFD는 상.하 베드 모두 200$\mu$mol.m$^{-2}$ .s$^{-1}$ 정도의 값을 보였고 하단의 경우는 100$\mu$mol.m$^{-2}$ .s$^{-1}$ 이하의 값을 보였다. 상.하 베드 일사량을 보면 상단은 200W.m$^{-2}$ 정도이고 하단은 85 W.m$^{-2}$ 이하가 측정되었다. 공기속도는 상.하 베드에서 주간에는 0.1~0.2m.s$^{-1}$ 정도가 측정되었고, 야간에는 0.05m.s$^{-1}$이하로서 거의 정지 상태였다. 온실방위별 하단베드의 광입사 면적을 이론적으로 해석해 보면, 동서동의 경우는 평균 49.9%이고 남북동의 경우는 평균 43%였다. 광입사 면적을 증대하기 위하여 베드를 재구성하면 동서동은 74.3%, 남북동은 60.8% 정도로 각각 25% 및 17.7% 정도의 광입사 면적의 증대효과를 가져왔다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2011

This paper presents an improved orientation strategy for energy-efficiency in photovoltaic (PV) panels. Conventionally, PV panels are tilted with the site's latitude angle or the difference between the latitude angle and the solar declination angle. A monthly-based orientation strategy has been proposed and analyzed in this study. The proposed strategy implies that the PV panels are tilted with the monthly-based angle that achieves the maximum incident radiation. Furthermore, the impact of using the proposed orientation strategy and three conventional strategies on the produced power and on the PV system design features has been investigated in detail. A Japanese city (Fukuoka) and an Egyptian city (Al-Kharijah) have been considered as locations for the PV power system installation. The results showed that the proposed strategy achieved an increase in the power produced from the PV power systems at the two different sites, and consequently the required solar cells area can be saved. Therefore, the cost of the PV power system components can be reduced including the solar cells area and the land area.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.409-412
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• 2009

In this research, the intensity of solar energy, which was injected to the different angle plane every hour day by day, was technically documented and quantitatively analyzed through actual observations. In order to group every days into days with similar intensity, graph was drawn with respect to time for every day and each area value under the curve was calculated. Then, the search for grouped days having similar intensity curve patterns was carried out and the optimum incident angle of absorber plate was derived to maximize the efficiency of solar energy systems.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2019

Luminescent solar concentrator (LSC), consisting of luminophore included glass or substrate with edge-mounted photovoltaic cell, is semi-transparent, energy harvesting devices. The luminophore absorbs incident solar light and re-emit photons, while the waveguide plate allows re-emitted photons to reach edge or bottom mounted photovoltaic cells with reduced losses. If the area of LSC is much larger than that of photovoltaic cell, this system can effectively concentrate solar light. In order to improve the performance of LSC, new materials and optical structures have been suggested by many research groups. For decreasing re-abosprion losses, it is essential to minimize the overlap between absorption and photoluminescence solar spectrum of luminophoroe. Moreover, the combination of selective top reflector and reflective optical cavity structure significantly boosts the waveguide efficiency in the LSC. As a result of many efforts, commercially available LSCs have been demonstrated and verified in the outdoor. Also, it is expected to generate electricity in buildings by replacing conventional glass to LSCs.