• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.1296-1300
• /
• 1967

This study was made through the utilization of heavy soil taken from the experimental plot of heavy soil in Konkuk University, Changan-dong, Sungdong-ku, Seoul. The soil used in the experiment has the following physical characteristics: 1. The soil is very compact, impervious, and unfit for any plant growth, 2. For improvement of the soil, tile drainage practice has been employed, 3. According to the general theory of tile drainage, it is unnatural that the effect of drainage is actually observed in such a soil. The followings are the results of the experiment: 1. Water moved to crosswise when the plotted soil profile was not broke. In this case the upper sloped part was dry while the bottom part was moistned. The upper part of the tile was also moistned. 2. The crosswise movement of water was not observed in the artificially broken plot of subsoil. However, the water flow from the tile was observed for long period as a result of the increase of soil void, seepage, aeration, and water holding capacity. However, the water flow from the tile in the plot of unbroken subsoil was observed only in short period and soon the flow was stopped. 3. the distance between the tile laid in the heavy soil should not exceed 10m for the efficient drainage. 4. When the pF is 2.5 in the subsoil the moisture content was between 23.97% and 28.20%. However, when the water saturated in the subsoil the moisture content was between 34.30% and 22.10%. Accordingly without the higher pF than 2.5 the water can not be absorbed and therefore the drainage can not be occured.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.155-161
• /
• 2018

훼손된 비탈면을 효율적으로 복구하고 토양을 견고하게 지지하고 식물 생장을 도울 수 있는 토양바인더 사용이 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 토양바인더는 토양을 오염시키지 않는 친환경 소재이면서 토양의 생태를 복원할 수 있어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 토양바인더 외에 흡수제와 응집제를 첨가하여, 최적의 함수율, 투수계수, 직접전단강도 값을 갖는 조건을 도출하였다. 토양바인더로는 다양한 음이온강도의 polyacrylamide (PAM)를, 흡수제로는 super absorbent polymer (SAP), 응집제로는 cellulose ether (CE)를 사용하여 그 효과를 관찰하였다. 그 결과 우선 토양바인더를 사용한 경우 토양시험편의 직접전단강도와 함수율을 각각 수십 배 이상 그리고 두 배 이상 증가시킬 수 있었으며 변수위 투수계수를 낮춤으로 인해 방수의 효과가 증가함을 관찰되었다. 첨가제로서 SAP를 사용한 경우 그 효과를 더욱 높일 수 있었고 SAP의 응집력을 높이기 위해 첨가된 CE 역시 직접전단강도와 함수율을 높임을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.81-90
• /
• 2008

Recently, geofiber(polyester) reinforced soil was added on soil-seed mixture spray to control erosion and to improve vegetation growth on rocky slope sites. This research was conducted to compare vegetation effects and soil hardness on three types of soil-seed mixture spray on stone gabion river bank [A type : soil-seed mixture spray underlying 30cm thick sand with geofiber(geofiber reinforced soil system), B type : soil-seed mixture spray underlying 30cm thick sand without geofiber, C type : soil-seed mixture spray]. Evaluation were made concerning vegetation coverage, soil hardness and moisture content. The results of this study showed that A type system was effective for the growth of vegetation and soil hardness when compareed to B type and C type. A type and B type showed higher covering rate than C type on stone gabion river bank, and especially A type showed the highest covering rate. Soil hardness and water content were high on A type vegetation system compared to B type and C type. We noted that high soil hardness and high moisture content with geofiber(geofiber reinforced soil system) were effective both to control erosion from water current impact and to be high coverage and species of vegetation on stone gabion river bank.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
• /
• pp.894-904
• /
• 2008

In this study, soil samples from the Antarctic and Vladivostok, Siberia were tested in the laboratory, and specific gravity, compaction curve and grain size distribution were determined. The effect of temperature change on the thermal conductivity, unfrozen water content and compressive strength were investigated. Samples for the compressive strength test were prepared in a mold with a fixed volume to prevent swelling and the effect of temperature and water content change on the strength were compared. Results from the thermal conductivity test showed that thermal conductivity values for both soils were larger at temperatures below freezing than above freezing. The unfrozen water content dropped sharply within a temperature range of $0{\sim}-5^{\circ}C$ and then gradually decreased further up to $-20^{\circ}C$. Compressive strength test results showed various stress/deformation curves with a change in water content. Sandy soil had much larger strength than pure ice at an identical temperature, while clayey soil had a smaller strength than ice near the freezing point, but showed a larger strength at temperatures belows $-15^{\circ}C$.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제50권5호
• /
• pp.369-382
• /
• 2017

Accurate and optimal water supply to cereal crop is critical in growing stalks and producing maximum yields. Recently, upland crops are cultivated in paddy field soils to reduce overproduced rice in Korea. In order to increase productivity of cereal crops in paddy fields which have poor percolation and drainage properties, it is necessary to fully understand crop response to excessive soil water condition and management of soil drainage system in paddy field. The objectives of this study were to investigate effects of excessive soil water to sesame growth and to quantify stress response using groundwater levels. Two cultivars of sesame were selected to investigate; Gunbak and Areum. These sesames were planted in paddy fields located in Miryang, Gyeongnam with different soil drainage levels and drainage systems. The experiment site was divided into two plots by drainage class; very poorly and somewhat poorly drained. Two different drainage systems were applied to alleviate excessive soil water in each plot: open ditch and pipe drainage system. Soil water contents and groundwater levels were measured every hour during growing season. Pipe drainage system was significantly effective to alleviate wet injury for sesame in paddy fields. Pipe drainage system decreased average soil moisture content and groundwater level during sesame cultivation. This resulted in greater yield and lignan contetns in sesame seeds than ones from open ditch system. Comparison between two cultivars, Gunbak had greater decrease in growth and yield by excessive soil water and high groundwater level than Areum. Seed components (lignan) showed decrease in seeds as soil water increased. When soil moisture content was greater than 40%, lignan content tended to decrease than ones from less soil moisture content. Based on these results, pipe drainage system would be more effective to reduce wet injury to sesame and increase lignan component in paddy field cultivation.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.123-131
• /
• 1994

Experimental studies were conducted to make clear the soil moisture environment under the condition of paddy-upland rotational fields by investigating water-table depths and soil moisture contents during growing season of crops in two kinds of soil. The following results were obtained. 1.Although water-table depths fluctuated with the amount of rainfall in the experimental field, it seemed that the variation of vater4able depths in the paddy-upland rotational, field was strongly affected by the condition of locations on paddy fields. 2.It is recognized that the concept of sum of excess water depth(SEWxx) and sum of excess water day(SEDxx) can be used to represent the soil moisture stress index due to the fluctuation of water-table depths. 3.The results of this study clearly indicate that drainage in paddy-upland rotational field to maintain an optimum soil moisture content must be made by introducing the concept of block drainage which needs both subsurface drainage and intercept drainage around a field. 4.Soil moisture contents were affected by both the amount of rainfall and water-table depths, however, the moisture content for top soil showed higher correlation with the amount of rainfall while that for subsoil with water-table depths.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.168-203
• /
• 1982

Effects of soil moisture on growth of Panax ginseng, of various factors on soil moisture, and of moisture on nutrition, quality, physiological disorder, diseases and insect damage were reviewed. Optimum soil moisture was 32% of field capacity with sand during seed dehiscence, and 55-65% for plant growth in the fields. Optimum soil moisture content for growth was higher for aerial part than for root and higher for width than for length. Soil factors for high yield in ginseng fields appeared to be organic matter, silt, clay, agreggation, and porosity that contributed more to water holding capacity than rain fall did, and to drainage. Most practices for field preparation aimed to control soil moisture rather than nutrients and pathogens. Light intensity was a primary factor affecting soil moisture content through evaporation. Straw mulching was best for the increase of soil moisture especially in rear side of bed. Translocation to aerial part was inhibited by water stress in order of Mg, p, Ca, N an Mn while accelerated in order of Fe, Zn and K. Most physiological disorders(leaf yellowing, early leaf fall, papery leaf spot, root reddening, root scab, root cracking, root dormancy) and quality factors were mainly related to water stress. Most critical diseases were due to stress, excess and variation of soil water, and heavy rain fall. The role of water should be studied in multidiciplinary, especially in physiology and pathology.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.487-494
• /
• 2005

흙 절개지 사면붕괴 원인은 대부분 강우에 의해 체적함수비의 증가에 따라 발생되기 때문에 체적함수비 변화를 측정할 수 있는 새로운 측정기 술이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 체적함수비 변화를 정량적으로 측정하기 위하여 유전율 측정시스템인 FDR과 ADR 측정프로브를 사용하여 실내 토조시험을 수행하였다. 총 2단계 에 걸쳐 시간당 7.5mm/hour의 인공강우 조건하에서 압밀 화강풍화토 내 발생되는 체적 함수비와 간극수압 변화를 측정하여 비교하였다. 측정결과, 인공강우에 의한 체적 함수비와 간극수압 변화는 거의 동일한 시점에서 함께 파악되었다.

• 산업기술연구
• /
• 제17권
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 1997

This thesis is an experimental research of shear behavioral characteristics and shear behavioral coefficient of weathered residual soil which is mostly contained in soil of Korea. Using the weathered residual soil from mountain near Kangwon National University, this experimental research were contained the physical properties of sample in term of the basic test method such as specific gravity, plastic and liquid limit, grain-size distribution, density and water content. Experimental results obtained from direct shear test sand triaxial compression tests show that according to step loading, linear strain and linear stress increase continually and angle of internal friction decreases just little according to incresing of water content in case of ignoring the cohesion, and angle of internal friction appears the maximum angle near a optimum moisture content in case of considering the cohesion.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.109-122
• /
• 2002

지표부근의 지반의 경우, 함수비가 지반의 동적 물성치에 큰 영향을 주는 요소가 된다. 본 연구에서는 함수비의 변화 때문에 발생하는 최대전단탄성계수, 전단탄성계수 감소곡선, 감쇠비의 전반적인 변화를 공진주/비틂전단 시험을 통해 평가했다. 기존의 동적물성치에 대한 다짐함수비의 영향 연구와는 달리 일정한 다짐함수비로 성형된 시료에 대하여 모관흡수력(capillary pressure)을 조절하는 방법으로 함수비를 변화시키고 이때의 동적물성치의 변화를 평가하였다. 이를 위하여 기존의 공진주/비틀전단시험 시스템을 개량하여 함수비 변화뿐만 아니라 모관흡수력의 변화에 따른 동적물성치의 변화도 함께 평가할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 실내에서 공진주/비틂전단 시험으로 결정된 함수비에 따른 전단탄성계수의 변화 양상을 동일현장(한국도로공사 시험도로)에서 수행된 크로스흘 시험결과와 비교하여 그 타당성을 검증하였으며, 현장으로의 확장 가능성을 확인하였다. 실내시험과 현장시험으로부터 구한 전단탄성계수는 합리적인 범위에서 일치하였으며, 함수비가 감소함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.