• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.192-198
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• 2004

The heavy dependence of modern science-based agriculture on chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides, and heavy machinery gave rise to questions about long-term sustainability of agriculture in relation to degradation of soil quality. The research achievements and trends in developing soil quality indicators were introduced and discussed in this report. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) established 13 agri-environment indicators including soil quality indicator in 1994, collected the soil data and methodologies for development of soil quality indicators in OECD member countries responded to OECD questionnaires and published the OECD reports, Environmental Indicators for Agriculture Volume 1, 2, and 3. Leading countries such as USA, Canada and New Zealand collected national data and evaluated the data in aspect of soil quality. They developed the various methods for selecting a minimum data set (MDS), scoring the soil properties and calculating soil quality index integrating the score of each soil property.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.56-64
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• 2017

Soil quality has been regarded as an important factor for maintaining sustainability of ecosystem. Main purpose of this research was i) to select minimum factor for predicting biomass, and ii) to calculate soil quality index for biomass according to soil chemical properties. Result showed that soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and available phosphorus are minimum data set for calculating biomass production in soil. Selected representative soil chemical properties were evaluated for soil quality index and rated from 1 to 5 (1 is the best for biomass production). Percentage of each grade in terms of biomass production in national wide was 14.52, 35.23, 33.03, 6.47, 10.75% respectively. Although, only soil chemical properties were evaluated for calculating optimum soil quality, result of this research can be useful to understand basic protocol of soil quality assessment in national wide.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.357-364
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• 2004

우리나라 논과 밭토양의 질의 현황에 대한 평가방법을 개발하고자 2000년부터 2003년까지 실시한 농업환경변동조사사업의 결과를 이용하여 세부지표 즉 토양의 주요특성의 선정, 선정된 각 지표의 점수화 또는 등급화와 정량화 방법과 각 세부지표를 종합하여 한개의 토양의 질 지표로 만드는 방법을 검토하였다 한편, 본 시안을 이용하여 전국수준에서 우리나라 논 밭 시설원예지 토양의 질 현황에 대한 평가를 시도한 결과 논토양은 매우 높음, 밭토양은 높음, 그리고 시설원예지 토양은 보통으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 1999

천안시의 토양 환경을 종합적으로 평가하기 위하여 각 지역별(농경지 3개소, 공단지역 3개소, 도심지 2개소, 하천주변 3개소, 매립지 주변 3개소)로 13개 항목에 관한 오염도 조사를 실시하였다. 각 측정 항목마다 토양오염 우려기준에 못 미치는 오염도를 보였다. 토양의 산성화는 농경지에서 심한 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 고속도로 주변의 농경지는 자동차 배기가스에 의한 산성 강하물의 영향으로 의심되는 산성화가 진행되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 밭 지역의 산성화가 심화되어서 토양 측정망의 채취지점 추가가 요구되었다. 중금속 6종과 기타 유기득성물질은 모두 토양오염 우려기준에 못 미치는 값을 나타냈다. 유류성분인 BTEX성분 역시 우려기준에 못 미치는 값을 보였으며, TPH는 BTEX보다 광범위한 오염도를 보였다. 오염물질에 의한 토양의 상태를 종합적으로 판단할 수 있도록 고안된 토양오염지표(SPI, Soil Pollution Index)를 이용하여 천안시의 토양오염도를 평가하였다. 토양오염점수(SPC, Soil Pollution Score)에 의해 산출된 토양오염 등급은 모두 1 등급으로 판명되어 천안시의 토양은 비교적 건전한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.502-505
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• 2007

To estimate the soil quality of Miryang area, soil analysis were conducted according to the city and out of city of soil expenses at according to analysis components and heavy metal pollution of irradiation sampling sites. The through soil components the principal element about the 71% $SiO_2\;and\;Al_2O_3$, the pH of field area near the city center was lower than that of the other field area, which indicated that this acidification was probably attributed to the acid rain caused by the traffic exhaust gas such as $SO_x\;and\;NO_x$. Acidification was more severe in the field area than in the farming land. The concentration of five heavy metals such as Cu, Cd, Pb, As and Cr were found to be lower than the standard of soil pollution. An assessment using the SPI(Soil Pollution Index), which was developed to estimate an overall soil quality, was performed. Each SPS(Soil Pollution Score) were evaluated with the results of the data from this study. The soil quality of most area of Miryang land was determined to Class 1, which indicated that the soil was healthy.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.572-576
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• 2016

Soil quality assessment is an important tool for environmental management in an agricultural field. It can be used to evaluate the health of the soils and to establish the basis for sustainable urban agriculture and soil management. For this study, the chemical properties of the soils used for urban agriculture were examined. Results of the soil analysis for chemical properties were applied to soil quality assessment system, which is composed of principal component analysis, application to scoring function and derivation of soil quality index (SQI). Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (T-N) were determined for minimum data set (MDS) according to principal component analysis. Based on the results of scoring for four indicators (pH, EC, OM, T-N), soil pH was the indicator that needs the most urgent management. Results of SQI derivation showed that many of the urban farms appeared to be insufficient score in comprehensive soil quality assessment. In conclusion, soil management practices based on scores derived from soil chemical indicators need to be carried out to maintain sustainable urban agricultural soil environment and to provide easy-to-understand information to urban farmers.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.635-643
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• 2016

Wine consumers desire to drink a high quality wine. For producing high quality wine, high quality soil is required. Conventionally, soil quality is assessed qualitatively. Using traditional laboratory methods, quantitative data can be obtained for management purpose, but it is time consuming and expensive. Therefore, new technology aims to address these limitations, namely portable X-Ray fluorescence spectrometers (pXRF). This instrument can be used directly in the field, requires no soil sample preparations, and can simultaneously measure a wide range of elements qualitatively that are useful for pedological studies. The chemical composition (Ca, Fe, Ti and Zr) of soils at Tallavera Grove vineyard in New South Wales, Australia, was studied using a pXRF. The analysis of the soil's elemental concentration (i.e. Ca and Fe) using pXRF supports management decisions. Measuring the soil's Ca concentration can be used to identify Ca-rich parent materials (limestone). The limestone indicates good soil conditions for vine production. Fe content was used to identify areas of texture-contrast soils or soil with accumulation of clays in the B horizon. In addition, a soil weathering index was calculated using elemental concentrations (i.e. Ti and Zr) to explore the history of soil formation for making decision of management. This index showed that the soil in the vineyard was affected by two processes: the deposition of materials from elsewhere (Aeolian transport or soil erosion) and mixing of materials from upslope.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.127-145
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• 1998

인간의 건강에 관련된 수질이나 대기의 기준설정과는 달리, 토질은 지협적이고 한정적인 토양의 기능과 이와 관련된 환경요소에 근거한다. 적정한 토질평가제도는 안전한 식품을 생산하거나, 인간과 동물의 건강증진, 그리고 토양의 퇴화 과정을 나타내는 토양성능 지표의 역할을 하여야 한다. 이에 필요한 요소는 첫째로 수분이동과 흡착의 용이성, 둘째로 식물생장의 유지, 셋째로 토양의 물리적 붕괴에 대한 저항성, 넷째로 안전한 식품생산 기반이다. 그리고 끝으로 비용 절감 농업관리와 식품생산 요소로서 토양은 토양과 수질의 영역, 식품사슬, 지속성과 효용성, 환경과 경제성을 포함하여야 한다. 토질지표는 기본 골격 내에서 각각의 기능에 대하여 여러 단계로 분리되며, 각각의 지표는 체계의 원칙에 근거하여 다목적 접근방법을 사웅하여 상대적 중요도를 반영하는 우선 순위와 가중치를 정한다. 각각의점수 환산체계는 낮은 단계부터 높은 단계로 또는 0주터 10의 범위에서 여러 단계로 등급화되어야 한다. 그리고 각각의 범위 수치에 가중치를 곱하고 그리고 토양의 여러 가지의 물리화학적 특성이 고려된 종합 토질등급으로 결론지어져야 된다. 토질 평가 방법을 개발하는데 필요한 기본 골격과 과정은 해당 지역의 대체 또는 기존의 농업방식으로 얻어진 정보를 사용함으로서 결정된다. 토질에 있어서 부수적인 과정, 관리방법, 그리고 정책의 효과를 검증하기 위한 확장된 기본골격의 용도 또한 고려되어져야 한다. 이외에도 하나의 가능한 토질지수의 형태를 개발하기 위해서는 토양의 특성과 토양 내로 유입되는 또는 기존의 화학물질을 연계시켜야된다. 이 연구는 토질의 평가 시 고려되어야 될 요소를 찾기 위한 접근 방법을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2014

Assessment of sustainable production on a cropland can help to determine the most proper management practices. In this study, we evaluated the sustainable production on paddy field treated with green manure crops using sustainability index which based on nutrient index, microbiological index, and crop index related to nutrient-supplying capacity. Especially choosing appropriate indicators from a minimum data set (MDS) were used the principal components analysis (SI-2) as well as expert opinion (SI-1) usually used in sustainability index. Six treatments including the two tillage treatments and two green manure crops were investigated as follows; (i) moldrotary + rotary tillage without green manure crop (Con), with (ii) hairy vetch (Con-HV), and (iii) hairy vetch + green barely (Con-HV+GB), (iv) rotary tillage without green manure crop (Rot), with (ii) hairy vetch (Rot-HV), and (iii) hairy vetch + green barly (Rot-HV+GB). Con-HV and Rot-HV in SI-1 were maintained sustainability while Rot-HV and Rot-HV+GB in SI-2. Especially, treatments (Con and Rot) without green manure crops were more unsustainable than with green manure crops because of the low value of microbiological and crop index than with green manure crops. Meanwhile, sustainability indices and grain yield had the high correlation values ($R^2=0.756$ and 0.928 in SI-1 and SI-2, respectively). These results meant that application of green manure crops such as hairy vetch could improve both yield and soil quality in paddy.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2019

The composition of artificial soil in a containerized seedling production plays an important role in seedling quality as well as environmental issues. We investigated the effects of different types of biomaterials and mixed ratio with artificial soil on the growth of Fraxinus rhynchophylla seedlings. Soil medium was supplemented with 3 levels (0%, 10%, 20%) of pine bark, mushroom sawdust and rice husk. Root collar diameter (RCD), height growth, and biomass have significantly increased when rice husk was applied. Compared with the control, RCD and height growth showed highest in 20% rice husk treatment with an increase of 5.7% and 17.6%, respectively. In contrast, the treatments of pine bark and mushroom sawdust showed lower results in growth parameters (RCD, height growth, and total biomass) than control. Seedling quality index was also highest at the 20% rice husk treatment, but there was not statistically different among treatments. Our results suggested rice husk can be substituted up to 20% of substrates for containerized F. rhynchophylla seedling production system.