• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.1255-1276
• /
• 2015

The importance of considering soil-structure interaction effect in the analysis and design of RC frame buildings is increasingly recognized but still not penetrated to the grass root level owing to various complexities involved. It is well established fact that the soil-structure interaction effect considerably influence the design of multi-storey buildings subjected to lateral seismic loads. The shear walls are often provided in such buildings to increase the lateral stability to resist seismic lateral loads. In the present work, the linear soil-structure analysis of a G+5 storey RC shear wall building frame resting on isolated column footings and supported by deformable soil is presented. The finite element modelling and analysis is carried out using ANSYS software under normal loads as well as under seismic loads. Various load combinations are considered as per IS-1893 (Part-1):2002. The interaction analysis is carried out with and without shear wall to investigate the effect of inclusion of shear wall on the total and differential settlements in the footings due to deformations in the soil mass. The frame and soil mass both are considered to behave in linear elastic manner. It is observed that the soil-structure interaction effect causes significant total and differential settlements in the footings. Maximum total settlement in footings occurs under vertical loads and inner footings settle more than outer footings creating a saucer shaped settlement profile of the footings. Each combination of seismic loads causes maximum differential settlement in one or more footings. Presence of shear wall decreases pulling/pushing effect of seismic forces on footings resulting in more stability to the structures.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2009

지반-말뚝-구조의 상호작용을 정밀하게 해석하기 위해서는 토층, 말뚝 그리고 구조물의 적절한 묘사가 필요하다. 일반적으로 사용하는 유한요소해석의 경우에는 지반이나 구조물의 물성이 바뀌는 경계를 따라서 요소의 경계가 정해지게 된다. 그러나 실제로는 토층 단면과 말뚝의 형상이 매우 복잡하여 요소의 배열이 매우 어려운 작업이 될 수 있다. 이 어려움을 해결하기 위하여, 이 논문에서는 불연속선의 위치에 관계없이 규칙적인 요소를 사용하여 쉽게 적분을 가능하게 하는 다른 적분 방법을 채택하였다. 이 방법을 적용함으로 써 요소는 매우 빠르고 규칙적인 강성 매트릭스를 만든다. 구조물 응답에 대한 토층과 말뚝의 영향을 조사하였고, 예를 통하여 본 방법의 유효성을 보였다. 탄성 말뚝의 사용으로 20% 대의 가속도 감소 효과를 얻었고 지반 층의 모양에 따라 그 영향이 변하는 것을 확인하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제41권5호
• /
• pp.761-773
• /
• 2021

This study presents a 3D non-linear finite element (FE) assessment of dynamic soil-structure interaction (SSI). The numerical investigation has been performed on the time domain through a Finite Element (FE) system, while considering the nonlinear behavior of soil and the multi-directional nature of genuine seismic events. Later, the FE outcomes are analyzed to the recorded in-situ free-field and structural movements, emphasizing the numerical model's great result in duplicating the observed response. In this work, the soil response is simulated using an isotropic hardening elastic-plastic hysteretic model utilizing HSsmall. It is feasible to define the non-linear cycle response from small to large strain amplitudes through this model as well as for the shift in beginning stiffness with depth that happens during cyclic loading. One of the most difficult and unexpected tasks in resolving soil-structure interaction concerns is picking an appropriate ground motion predicted across an earthquake or assessing the geometrical abnormalities in the soil waves. Furthermore, an artificial neural network (ANN) has been utilized to properly forecast the non-linear behavior of soil and its multi-directional character, which demonstrated the accuracy of the ANN based on the RMSE and R² values. The total result of this research demonstrates that complicated dynamic soil-structure interaction processes may be addressed directly by passing the significant simplifications of well-established substructure techniques.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 2020

말뚝의 동적거동은 말뚝과 지반 사이의 동적 상호작용에 큰 영향을 받는다. 특히, 경사지반에 설치된 말뚝은 진동방향에 따른 지반저항력 차이, 지반 변위 등에 의해 말뚝-지반 동적상호작용이 매우 복잡해진다. 본 연구에서는 건조 사질토 경사지반에 설치된 단일말뚝과 2×2 무리말뚝에 대하여 동적 원심모형실험을 수행하였다. 그리고, 말뚝과 지반 변위 사이의 위상차 및 동적 p-y 곡선 등을 산정하여 경사지반, 단일말뚝과 무리말뚝, 입력가속도 진폭 등의 조건이 말뚝-지반 동적 상호작용에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 지반-말뚝 사이의 운동학적 힘이 말뚝의 동적거동에 큰 영향을 주며, 동적 p-y 곡선이 지반경사, 잔류변위, 운동학적 힘의 영향 등으로 매우 복잡한 형상을 보여주는 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.517-532
• /
• 2000

A direct output feedback control scheme was recently proposed by the authors for single-story building structures resting on flexible soil body. In this paper, the control scheme is extended to mitigate the seismic responses of multi-story buildings. Soil-structure interaction is taken into account in two parts: input at the soil-structure interface/foundation and control algorithm. The former reflects the effect on ground motions and is monitored in real time with accelerometers at foundation. The latter includes the effect on the dynamic characteristics of structures, which is formulated by modifying the classical linear quadratic regulator based on the fundamental mode shape of the soil-structure system. Numerical result on the study of a $\frac{1}{4}$-scale three-story structure, supported by a viscoelastic half-space of soil mass, have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is robust and very effective in suppressing the earthquake-induced vibration in building structures even supported on a flexible soil mass. Parametric studies are performed to understand how soil damping and flexibility affect the effectiveness of active tendon control. The selection of weighting matrix and effect of soil property uncertainty are investigated in detail for practical applications.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.57-67
• /
• 2003

Response analysis of buried pipeline subjected to permanent ground deformation(PGD) due to liquefaction is mainly executed by use of numerical analysis or semi-analytical relationship, When applying these methods, so called interfacial pipelineㆍsoil interaction force plays an dominant part. Currently used interaction force is mode up of indispensable mechanical and physical components for the response analysis of buried pipeline. However, it has somewhat limited applicability to the liquefied region since it is based on the experimental results for the non-liquefied region. Therefore, in this study, improved type of pipelineㆍsoil interaction force is proposed based on the existing interaction force and experimental research accomplishments. Above all, proposed interaction force includes various patterns of PGD or spatial distributions of interaction force caused by the decrease of soil stiffness. Through the comparison of numerical results using the proposed and the existing interaction force, relative influences of interaction force on the response of pipeline are evaluated and noticeable considerations in the application of semi-analytical relationship are discussed. Moreover, analyses due to the change of pipe thickness and burial depth are performed.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 2008년도 정기 학술대회
• /
• pp.14-19
• /
• 2008

This paper presents dynamic infinite element formulations which have been developed for soil-structure interaction analysis both in frequency and in time domains by the present authors during the past twenty years. Axisymmetric, 2D and 3D layered half-space soil media were considered in the developments. The displacement shape functions of the infinite elements were established using approximate expressions of analytical solutions in frequency domain to represent the characteristics of multiple waves propagating into the unbounded outer domain of the media. The proposed infinite elements were verified using benchmark examples, which showed that the present formulations are very effective for the soil-structure interaction analysis either in frequency or in time domain. Example applications to actual interaction problems are also given to demonstrate the capability and versatility of the present methodology.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.427-435
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 원형 터널에서 지반-라이닝 상호작용에 대한수학적 모델에 관한 연구를 다룬다. 정적, 동적 하중으로 인하여 터널 라이닝에서 발생하는 축력과 모멘트를 구하는 간단한 수학적 해가 제시되었다. 수학적 해를 유도하기 위하여 지반-라이닝의 경계면에서의 힘-변위 관계식을 고려하였고, 경계면에서의 상호작용을 고려하고자 새로운 계수비들을 제시하였다. 축력과 모멘트에 대한 계수비의 영향이 조사되었다.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.321-336
• /
• 2011

This paper presents the results of static vertical load tests carried out on a model building frame supported by pile groups embedded in cohesionless soil (sand). The effect of soil interaction on displacements and rotation at the column base and also the shears and bending moments in the columns of the building frame were investigated. The experimental results have been compared with those obtained from the finite element analysis and conventional method of analysis. Soil nonlinearity in the lateral direction is characterized by the p-y curves and in the axial direction by nonlinear vertical springs along the length of the piles (${\tau}-z$ curves) at their tips (Q-z curves). The results reveal that the conventional method gives the shear force in the column by about 40-60%, the bending moment at the column top about 20-30% and at the column base about 75-100% more than those from the experimental results. The response of the frame from the experimental results is in good agreement with that obtained by the nonlinear finite element analysis.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.47-66
• /
• 2009

Radiation damping due to wave propagation in unbounded domains may cause a significant reduction of structural vibrations when excited near resonance. Here a novel matrix-valued algebraic Pad$\acute{e}$-like stiffness formulation in the frequency-domain and a corresponding state equation in the time domain are elaborated for a soil-structure interaction problem with a layered soil excited in a transient manner by a flexible rotor during startup and shutdown. The contribution of radiation damping caused by a soil-layer upon a rigid bedrock is characterized by the corresponding amount of critical damping as it is used in structural dynamics.