• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 1996

토양의 난용성(難溶性) 인산염(燐酸鹽)을 생물학적으로 이용하고자 인산염가용화 미생물을 선발하였다. 그중 Aspergillus niger를 공시균주(供試菌株)로 하여 난용성(難溶性) 인산염(燐酸鹽) 가용화균(可溶化菌) 접종(接種)에 의한 미생물(微生物)의 대사적(代謝的) 인산염(燐酸鹽) 가용화능(可溶化能)과 그에 따른 작물(作物)의 무기성분(無機成分) 흡수량(吸收量) 및 미생물체(微生物體) 량(量) 변화등(變化等)을 조사(調査)하였다. 상추 및 피망의 인산(燐酸) 흡수량(吸收量)은 인산염(燐酸鹽) 가용화균(可溶化菌) 접종(接種)에 의해 노지(露地) 및 시설재배지(施設栽培地) 토양(土壤) 모두에서 증가(增加)하였다. 토양(土壤) Biomass P와 토양(土壤) 유효인산(有效燐酸) 함량(含量) 간(間)에는 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 보여 biomass P 양(量)이 증가(增加)할수록 유효인산(有效燐酸)은 감소(減少)하였지만, 토양(土壤) biomass C와 토양(土壤) 유효인산(有效燐酸) 함량간(含量間)에는 $Y=-0.0007X^2+0.7126X^2-29.46(R=0.8283^{**})$의 정(正)의 구간(區間)에서 유의성(有意性)이 있는 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 보였다. Biomass C와 작물(作物)의 인산(燐酸) 흡수량(吸收量) 간(間)에도 $Y=0.0049X^2-2.2352X+326.34(R=0.6350^*)$의 정(正)의 구간(區間)에서 유의성이 있는 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 보여 biomass C 양(量)이 $400mg\;kg^{-1}$에 이를 때까지 흡수량이 계속 증가(增加)하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of soil covering and vegetation base materials implementation on the growth of Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq. in abandoned coal mine land. We compared the biomass of L. cyrtobotrya at the study plots of four different soil covering depth (control, 10cm, 20cm, and 30cm) and four different compounds of vegetation base materials composed of soil conditioner (S), erosion control (E), and peat moss (P) (control, S+P, E+P, and S+E+P). The result showed that the biomass of L. cyrtobotrya was higher in the study plots implemented with soil covering than control plot, although the increase in biomass was not constant with soil covering depth. In case of the vegetation base materials treatments, the biomass was highest in S+E+P plot, and S+P and E+P plots showed higher biomass than control plot.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2013

본 연구는 제주지역 농경지 이용유형과 토양특성별 미생물체량과 탈수소효소활성을 평가 하고자 수행하였다. 제주지역 밭(50), 과수원(50), 논(30), 시설재배(30) 토양을 3월에 채취 후 토양화학성과 탈수소효소활성, 미생물체량을 분석하였다. 밭 토양의 평균 pH는 6.3이었고 과수원, 시설재배지 토양은 조사지점간에 화학성분 함량의 차이가 크게 나타났다. 돈분퇴비를 시용하는 감귤재배농가의 토양 내 아연과 구리함량은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 토양 탈수소효소활성과 미생물체량은 농경지 이용유형에 상관없이 비화산회 토양이 화산회토양보다 높았다. 탈수소효소활성은 밭 토양이 과수원, 논, 시설재배지 토양보다 2-4배 이상 높았고 비화산회토의 밭토양은 38.7 ug TPF $24^{h-1}g^{-1}$를 나타냈다. 미생물체량은 시설재배지 토양이 가장 많았으며 시설재배지 비화산회토양은 216.8 $mg\;kg^{-1}$였다. 시설재배지의 비화산회토양은 탈수소효소활성과 토양유기물($R^2$=0.59), 아연($R^2$=0.65), 구리($R^2$=0.66)의 함량간에 높은 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 화산회토의 밭토양은 유기물함량과 탈수소효소 활성간에 높은 부의상관관계($R^2$=0.57)를 나타냈다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2017

본 연구는 농가에서 버려지는 부산물을 탄화물로 변환한 후 토양에 적용하여 토양의 화학적 특성 변화와 온실가스 발생량을 비교하였다 탄화물로의 활용은 세 가지의 장점이 있었다. 첫 번째 버려지는 자원은 활용하여 재이용한 측면, 두 번째 농경지의 토양탄소 함량을 증진 시킬 수 있는 측면, 세 번째 농경지에서 발생하는 아산화질소를 줄일 수 있는 측면에서 유용할 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 $N_2O$ 감축기작에 대한 정확한 파악을 위해 질소순환과 연계된 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.340-350
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• 2015

This experiment was carried out to find out the mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission and changes of soil carbon contents in the cropland. In order to minimize the soil disturbance, this study was conducted without crop cultivation at the pots treated with different biomass. Different biomass was buried in the soil for 12 months. Decomposition rates of expander rice hull, pig manure compost and carbonized rice hull were 18%, 11~11.5% and 0.5~1.2%, respectively. It was appeared that carbonized rice hull was slightly decomposed. No difference was shown between chemical fertilizer treatment plot and non-application plot. It was appeared that soil carbon content in the non chemical fertilizer application plot was high when compared to its chemical fertilizer. Its content at soil depth of 20 cm more decreased than the upper layer of soil. Accumulative emission of $CO_2$ with different treatments of biomass was highest of 829.0~876.6 g $CO_2m^{-2}$ in the application plot of PMC (Pig Manure Compost) regardless of chemical fertilizer treatment during 16 months of experiment. However, the emission for expander rice hull treatment plot was lowest of 672.3~808.1 g $CO_2m^{-2}$. For application plot of the carbonized rice hull, it was shown that non chemical fertilizer plot, 304.1 mg $N_2Om^{-2}$, was higher than the chemical fertilizer treatment, 271.6 mg $N_2Om^{-2}$. Greenhouse gas emissions in the PMC treatment were highest of 0.94 ton $CO_2eqha^{-1}yr^{-1}$. However, it was estimated to be the lowest in the expander rice hull treatment.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.273-283
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• 1999

박테리아를 토양과 같은 다공성 매질에 주입시키고 적절한 기질과 영양분을 공급시키면 박테리아는 매질의 표면에 부착하여 성장하며 그 결과 공극의 크기가 감소하여 매질의 투수계수가 감소되고 입자간 마찰계수가 증가한다. 본 연구는 투수계수가 비교적 큰 모래와 화강풍화토에 박테리아를 접종, 배양한 후 투수계수의 변화를 측정하였으며, 배양된 바이오필름의 내화학성 및 온도변화에 대한 내구성 실험을 통해 대용 차수재로의 가능성을 평가하였다. 화강풍화토에 박테리아를 접종, 배양한 후 투수계수는 초기치와 비교하여 약 1/50 정도의 감소를 나타냈고, 산성 또는 염기성용액의 침투 이후에도 투수계수의 급격한 증가는 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 반복적인 동결-융해후 투수계수가 증가해 바이오필름으로 인한 공극의 폐색이 손상될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2016

This study investigated the potential use and the effectiveness of biomass ashes for the stabilization of heavy metals in soil through a series of experiments. The ashes used for the experiments were obtained from the gasification of biomass including miscanthus and woodchips. The amounts of nickel and chromium released from the soil and ash mixture were analyzed. Chemical analysis showed that the ash contained unburned carbon as well as silica and alkali metals. Miscanthus ashes have C (83.400 %) > Si (9.040 %) > K (3.180 %) > Ca (1.800 %), and woodchip ashes have C (93.800 %) > Ca (2.220 %) > Fe (1.370 %) > K (1.200 %). KSLT and TCLP test results implied that the heavy metal concentrations were below the environmental standards and would not impose the risks. The results also showed that Ni releases were more limited as more ashes were mixed with the soil due to the increases in exchangeable, carbonate, and oxide nikels. Both miscanthus and woodchip ahses were effective in stabilizing nickel and chromium through mixing with the soil. It could be seen that ashes produced from biomass gasification can be used to stabilize the heavy metals in soils.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권2호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2006

Little information is available on soil $CO_2$ efflux and crop yield under agroforestry systems. Soil $CO_2$ efflux, microbial biomass C, live fine root biomass, and cotton yield were measured under a pecan (Carya illinoinensis K. Koch)-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) alley cropping system in southern USA. A belowground polyethylene root barrier was used to isolate tree roots from cotton which is to provide barrier and non-barrier treatments. The barrier and non-barrier treatment was randomly divided into three plots for conventional inorganic fertilizer application and the other three plots for organic poultry litter application. The rate of soil $CO_2$ efflux and the soil microbial biomass C were affected significantly (P < 0.05) by the fertilizer treatment while no significant effect of the barrier treatment was occurred. Cotton lint yield was significantly (P < 0.0 I) affected by the root barrier treatment while no effect was occurred by the fertilizer treatment with the yields being greatest ($521.2kg\;ha^{-1}$) in the root barrier ${\times}$ inorganic fertilizer treatment and lowest ($159.8kg\;ha^{-1}$) in the non-barrier ${\times}$ inorganic fertilizer treatment. The results suggest that the separation of tree-crop root systems with the application of inorganic fertilizer influence the soil moisture and soil N availability, which in tum will affect the magnitude of crop yield.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.53-71
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• 1983

Physicochemical properties of soil, mineral cyclings, production of plants, and relationship between sodium(Na) content and progresses of plant communities were studied in a coastal salt marsh in Incheon. Contents of Na, available phosphorus(A-P) and value of electric conductivity of soil decreased in order of Salicornia herbacea, Limonium tetragonum, Phragmites communis and Zoysia sinica communities, but contents of organic matter, total nitrogen(T-N) and calcium(Ca) of soil were vice versa. Specise diversity index decreased with increase of Na content of soil with correlation coefficient of -0.82. The aboveground biomass of plant communities were 2,981 g.dw/$m^2$ in P. communis, 1,471 g.dw/$m^2$ in Z. sinica, 189g.dw/$m^2$ in S. herbacea and 71 g.dw/$m^2$ L. tetragonum, respectively. Seasonal changes of contents of inorganic nutrients per unit land area coincided with those of biomass of plant communities, however, the maximum contents of K occured earlier than the maximum biomass. Amounts of inorganic nutrients absorbed by plant were directly proportion to its biomass and it was true to reverse in restored amounts of them to soil. In turnover times of nutrients of the communities, it took the shortest time for P but the longest for Ca and P. communis community took the shortest but L. tetragonum the longest. For example, in P. communis turover time of P took one year and that of Na 1,440 years. Lack of P element, therefore, was expected in this study area.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

Effect of automobile polluted soil with five soil concentration (0 (Control), 25, 50, 75 and 100%) was observed on early seedling growth performance and biomass production of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss). The treatment of 75% automobile polluted soil significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the seedling length (18.60 cm) of A. indica. The automobile polluted soil treatment with the concentration of 50% slightly increased the root length as compared to control. The automobile polluted soil treatment with the concentration of 25, 50, 75 and 100% negatively affected shoot length of A. indica as compared to control. The treatment of all concentration of automobile polluted soil progressively decreased the total leaf area A. indica as compared to control soil treatment. The automobile polluted soils also showed negative effects on biomass production of A. indica. The automobile polluted soil treatment at 25% concentration significantly (p < 0.05) affected shoot, leaves and seedling dry weight of A. indica as compared to control soil treatment. The order of relationship between production of A. indica's seedling dry weight and automobile polluted soil treatment was observed as root > shoot > leaves > total seedling.