• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2018

In a previous study, the feasibility of four materials (bentonite, steelmaking slag, lime and organic compost) to induce soil aggregate formation was assessed and the mixtures of organic compost and lime were chosen as most effective amendments in terms of cost benefit. This work is a subsequent study to evaluate the effectiveness of those amendments in reducing soil loss in $15^{\circ}$ sloped agricultural area by using rainfall simulation test. Three different soils were treated with two conditions of organic compost/lime mixtures (2% + 2%, 3% + 1%, w/w). In the amended soils, soil fertility was increased due to the increase of CEC, T-N, and T-P. During the rainfall simulation, suspended solid in run-off water from amended soil were reduced by 43% ~ 78%. When the content of organic compost was higher than that of lime, reduction of soil loss was also increased by 67% ~ 78%. Sediment discharge was also decreased by 72% ~ 96% in the amended soil. Similar to the suspended solid analysis, higher organic compost content led to more reduction of soil discharging, which implies organic compost is more effective than lime in reducing soil loss. The overall result suggests that the mixtures of organic compost and lime could be used as amendment materials to reduce soil loss in sloped farmland.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.47-53
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• 2014

We investigated the effect of straw mat cover and soil amendments on the reduction of runoff, non-point source pollution load and yield of a Chinese cabbage from alpine fields. Two plots on sandy loam soil were prepared. Experimental treatments were control and rice straw mat cover (3,300 kg/ha)+Polyacrylamide (PAM) (5 kg/ha)+Gypsum (1 ton/ha) (SPG). A variety of Chinese cabbage was cultivated and runoff was monitored during a growing season in 2012. Monitoring was conducted to seven times. Runoff rate of SPG plot was lower than those of control plot. The reduction rate of runoff from SPG plot was 29.4 % compared to control plot. The reduction rate of suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) load of SPG plot was 86.5 %, 34.7 % and 39.1 %, respectively. Yield of a Chinese cabbage from SPG plot (39,646 kg/ha) was greater than that of control plots (28,482 kg/ha). It was concluded that the use of SPG on soil surface could not only reduce the NPS pollution loads in receiving waters but also help increase the crop yield.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to provide information for the livestock for the livestock carcass composting operation in agricultural waste management. Burial, landfilling and incineration of livestock carcass may have environmental regulatory and economic liabilities. Dead animals amended with agricultural residues can be composted and used to promote soil fertility and reduce environmental pollution. In this study we evaluated the effect of amendments on the primary and secondary composting reaction and stability of compost. The full-scale composting bin of swine carcass in roofed system with three amendments was adequate in reaching sufficient temperature above 55$^{\circ}C$ long enough to kill the pathogen. The average temperature of the compost material in dead swine amended with corn stover increased rapidly to 64$^{\circ}C$ on the 2nd day after primary composting and dropped to near ambient temperature on the 140th day of composting. The composting with of corn stover and wheat straw are more efficient for swine carcass composting than that of sawdust. Therefore, the amendment property is an important factor in the design of composting facility.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.242-249
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• 1982

Effects of lime and ameliolating materials on decreasing available soil cadmium were studied, applying the amendments to Cd pre-and post-treated soils. Soil sttreated with Cd were placed in pots and kept under field moisture condition, summer through winter in 1981. The results of soil analysis made 40 to 60 days after the Cd treatment are as follows ; 1. Greater amount of Cd was extracted by 0.1N-HCl or 2% Citric acid than N-AcNH4 solution. More Cd was dissoluted by 0.1-HCl than 2% Citric acid. No Cd was extracted by pure water. Showing a wide variance in the amount of extractable Cd among treatments (amendments), the $N-AcNH_4$ solution seemed to be the most effective extracting solution of available soil cadmium. 2. Calcium hydroxide was the most effective materials in reducing $N-AcNH_4$ extractable Cd, followed by calcium carbonate and calcium silicate. 3. Superphosphate is also effective in reducing exchangeable cadmium. The reduction seemed to be attributed to the precipitation of cadmium phosphate. 4. The exchangeable cadmium by $N-AcNH_4$ was large in the soil pH range of 6.0 and 6.5, and it decreased as the soil pH became far apart from these values. The decrese of exchangeable Cd at low pH seemed to be related to the increase of $Mn^{+{+}}$ and that at the high pH to the precipitation as Cd-hydroxide.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.719-730
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• 2014

This study was conducted to select proper soil amendments in order to reduce the occurrence of potato scab and maintaining soil health by applications of dolomitic lime, sulfur, potassium sulfate, shell meal fertilizer, silicate fertilizer, lime nitrogen and ammonium sulfate fertilizer in different pH levels of volcanic ash soil with continuous cultivation of potato. In potassium sulfate-applied plot with a low soil pH, the incidence rate and disease severity of scab were lowest at 84.4% and 28.4%, respectively. Those were lowest among the treatments. Value of potato scab control was 12.3% and marketable yield of potato was highest at 93.2%. In lime nitrogen-applied plot (60 kg/10a), the incidence rate was low at 38.3%, and control value was 23.8% and marketable yield of potato was high at 66.3%. In relatively higher pH soils, the incidence rate of scab was lowest at 38.3% in the lime nitrogen-applied plot (60 kg/10a). Value of potato scab control was 23.8%, which was four times higher than that in sulfur-applied plot. Marketable yield of potato was highest at 66.3% in the lime nitrogen-applied plot. In the lime nitrogen plot infected with potato scab pathogen such as S. acidiscabies and S. scabiei were remarkably lower than other soil amendments at 2.5, 5, and 10 g/L concentrations of lime nitrogen using Glucose Yeast Malt (GYM) medium. In conclusion, this study suggests that potassium sulfate application in low pH soil (less than pH 5) and lime nitrogen application in relatively higher pH soil (more than pH 6) before potato seeding might be helpful to reduce the occurrence of potato scab.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2020

Various types of amendments have been studied for heavy metal stabilization in soil. However, researches on the effect of amendments on alkali soil and their effects on the plants at various edible parts are insufficient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stabilization efficiency of heavy metals and their transfer into edible parts of food crops. Abandoned mine area was selected and 3 types of amendments (lime stone, LS; steel slag, SS; acid mine drainage sludge, AMDS) was applied with 3% (w/w). in field. After 6 month aging, Chinese cabbage (leafy), bok choy (leafy), garlic (root) and red pepper (fruit) were transplanted and cultivated. For chemical assessment, total concentration and bioavailability using Mehlich-3 solution were determined. For biological assessment, fresh weight and heavy metal uptakes were analyzed. It was revealed that AMDS reduced bioavailability most effectively, resulting in the decrease in heavy metal concentration in edible parts of all crops. When explaining the heavy metal uptake of plants, the bioavailability was more appropriate than the total contents of soil heavy metals. Therefore, bioavailability-based further research and management practices should be carried out continuously for the sustainable environment management, safe crop production, and human health risk reduction.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2017

In this study, we evaluated the nitrogen (N) mineralization potential and Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of oil-cake, compost, hairy vetch and barley, which are the most widely used organic amendments in South Korea. The N mineralization potential (No) for organic fertilizers treated soil was highest for the hairy vetch treatment with a value of $18.9mg\;N\;100\;g^{-1}$, followed by oil-cake, barley and compost. The amount of pure N mineralization potentials in hairy vetch, oil-cake, barley and compost treatments were 8.42, 7.62, 3.82 and $3.60mg\;N\;100\;g^{-1}$, respectively. The half-life ($t_{1/2}$) of organic N in soil amended with oil-cake fertilizer mineralized quickly in 17 days. While, $t_{1/2}$ values of organic N for the compost and barley treatments accounted to 44.4 and 44.1 days, respectively. Oil-cake was good in supplying nutrients to plants. Compost and barley inhibited plant growth in the beginning growth stage and this is attributed to N immobilization effect. The results of this study highlight that compost and barley could be used as potential slow release fertilizers in conventional agriculture.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.9-20
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• 2004

Growth and nutrients of Xinjiang poplar (Populus alba var. pyramidalis) seedlings treated with fertilizers and soil amendments were examined in nursery and windbreak at Dengkou after 6 months of treatments in Inner Mongolia, China. Soil water content was $10\%$ higher than that at most soils in desert. Height and diameter growth and foliar nitrogen (N) concentration were higher at N and nitrogen plus phosphorus (N+P) fertilizer treatments than other treatments. However, there were no differences in foliar P concentration among treatments in windbreak and foliar P concentration was higher at control than at other treatments in nursery. Yuho treatment increased height and diameter growth. Nitrogen appeared an influenciug factor for early growth of Xinjiang poplar, and P had a minor affect on growth. More long-time studies were needed to elucidate the effects of fertilizers and soil amendments on growth and nutrients of Xinjiang poplar.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.250-251
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• 2010

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.44-45
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• 1999