• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 1999년도 Pre-symposium of the 10th ISWPC Recent Advances in Paper Science and Technology
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• pp.232-238
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• 1999

The reinforcement of wheat straw pulp sheets with softwood kraft was studied, with special emphasis on the impact of softwood kraft beating and the proportion softwood kraft in straw pulp. the reinforcement was evaluated by measuring the tensile stiffness sand in-plane fracture behavior of samples. the results were compared with a mechanical pulp (TMP) and with a hardwood birch kraft, both reinforced with the same softwood kraft. Wheat straw pulp forms strong interfiber bonds. Therefore, its tensile stiffness and tensile strength are larger than TMP used. In-plane tear tests showed that a pure wheat straw pulp sheet has low fracture energy and correspondingly a narrow fracture process zone. The fracture energy of the reinforced straw sheets was found to increase linearly with the proportion of both unbeaten and beaten softwood pulps.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.166-174
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• 2007

효소 전처리에 의한 침엽수 Kraft 펄프의 표백 효율을 살펴보고자 Trichoderma reesei에서 2종류의 xylanase를 cloning하였다. Cloning된 xylanasel과 xylanaseII 유전자를 E. coli에서 발현시켜 29kDa의 재조합 단백질인 XYNI과 29.5 kDa의 XYNII를 생한하여 정제하였고, Rumicoccus albus로부터 cloning되어 변형된 50kDa의 EGIV-CBDII를 동일한 방법으로 cellulase를 생산 정제하였다. 정제된 효소들을 각각 xylan과 CMC를 기질로하여 효소 활성도를 측정한 결과 XYNI이 XYNII보다 효소활성이 더 높았으며, EFIV-CBDII 또한 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이렇게 생산 정제된 xylanase와 cellulase를 이용하여 침엽수 Kraft 펄프를 대상으로 연속처리에 의한 biobleaching test를 실시하였다. XYNI을 처리하였을 때 백색도는 29.9% 증가하였고, XYNI를 1차 처리한 후 2차로 EGIV-CBDII를 처리하였을 때 백색도는 1차 처리구에 비해 9.1% 증가하였다. 그 후 3차 XYNI를 처리 하였을 때 2차에 비해 7.3%의 bleaching의 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 또한 Kappa No.는 처리단계에 따라 8.1, 4.6 그리고 3.2% 각각 지속적으로 감소하였다. 이 실험결과를 통해 재조합 효소 XYNI과 EGIV-CBDII를 함께 이용하여 Karft 펄프에 대한 biobleaching의 상승효과를 확인하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2009

Residual extractives had a noticeable impact on the brightness of unbleached hardwood kraft pulps (trembling aspen). The brightness-impacting extractives were effectively removed by oxygen delignification. In addition, oxygen delignification was more effective in removing chromophores in hardwood unbleached kraft pulps than in those of softwood (loblolly pine). The residual extractives in unbleached hardwood kraft pulps also affected the pulp color, primarily redness and the L value. These redness-related extractives in unbleached hardwood kraft pulps were also effectively removed by oxygen delignification. There were no significant color differences between untreated and solvent-extracted oxygen-delignified aspen kraft pulps. The residual extractives in unbleached and oxygen-delignified softwood (loblolly pine) kraft pulps did not have a significant impact on either brightness or pulp color.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2011

The effects of alkaline treatment on the WRV, crystalline structure and sheet structure of softwood and hardwood bleached kraft pulp were investigated. Sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate were used as chemicals for alkaline treatment and two levels of alkali dosage (5%, 10%) were applied respectively. Alkali treated and untreated pulp were refined to three levels (550, 450 and 350 mL CSF). WRV of the alkali treated pulps depended on the alkaline type and concentration. It was found that the crystalline structures of softwood and hardwood pulp were not changed by refining. Sodium carbonate and lower concentration of sodium hydroxide treatment did not caused any modification of cellulose crystalline structure, while higher concentration of sodium hydroxide treatment caused the partial modification of cellulose crystalline structure. Alkaline treatment of hardwood bleached kraft pulp led to the shrinkage of fiber diameter and bulky structure of sheet. Alkaline treatment of softwood bleached kraft pulp did not cause the significant change in fiber shrinkage and bulk of sheet.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2012

In this study, the lumen loading technology for preparing magnetic papers were evaluated. The rice husk fiber, softwood kraft pulp, hardwood kraft pulp were applied and the morphological properties of pits on the those fibers were investigated with SEM. The softwood kraft pulp had the bigger size of pits, $3{\sim}5{\mu}m$ in diameter, which resulted in higher loading amount. The comparison of two methods for lumen loading such as the low concentration method with the disintegrator and the high concentration method with the Hobart mixer showed the Hobart mixer could resulted in the higher efficiency. The conditions of lumen loading process such loading time, addition amount of metal particles and addition of PEI were also evaluated. The magnetic hysteresis loop of handsheet samples made of lumen loaded fiber with $Fe_3O_4$ and $Fe_2O_3$ were examined. The differences in magnetic properties could be found according to the ferrite types.

• 환경생물
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.191-198
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• 1999

침엽수와 활엽수 펄프내의 리그닌(lignin) 제거 효과를 개선하기 위해 호알칼리성 균류인 Cephalospotium sp. RYM-202의 xylanase를 표백 전처리하고 이에 의한 펄프의 표백 증진 효과를 조사하였다. 두 종류의 펄프 모두 5$0^{\circ}C$에서 효소반응을 수행하였을 때 펄프내 xylan의 가수분해가 가장 높게 나타났다. 펄프내 xylan의 가수분해를 위한 효소의 최적 pH는 8.0이었으며, pH 9.0에서도 최대활성의 90%이상이 유지되었다. 각각의 펄프 재료에 효소를 전처리한 결과 표백(리그닌 제거)과정의 증진 효과를 보였으며, 침엽수와 활엽수의 kappa number는 각각 3.7과 2.0 ISO units 만큼 감소되었다. 아울러 효소처리 혹은 효소 미처리 펄프를 각각 표백한 후 수초지를 제조하여 종이의 물성을 상호 비교한 바, 효소처리는 종이의 섬유 구조에 큰 영향을 끼치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 호알칼리성 Cephalospotium sp. RYM-202의 알칼리내성 xylanase가 알칼리 조건하에서의 펄프 전처리 과정에 매우 적합함을 의미한다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.67-78
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• 1992

The application of white-rot fungi to pulping and bleaching processes has been studied at the Wood Chemistry Laboratory in Kyushu University, cooperatively with the Biotechnology Laboratory of Kobe Steel, Ltd. Some successful results of the studies for a biomechanical pulping process, biobleaching of hardwood and softwood kraft pulp, as well as chlorine free biobleaching of oxygen-prebleached hardwood kraft pulp are dealt with. Biological treatment of the pulp bleaching effluent is also described.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

In this study, effects of kneading treatment on the properties of hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HwBKP), softwood bleached kraft pulp (SwBKP) and hardwood bleached chemi-thermo-mechanical pulp (HwBCTMP) were elucidated with a laboratory two-shaft kneader. Kneading treatment was performed at 30% (w/w) of pulp concentration and the number of passes through the kneader was adjusted from 0 to 10 passes. Then, changes in properties of pulp fibers were evaluated. It was found that fiber characteristics were influenced by kneading treatment. Fiber length was decreased with kneading while other morphological properties such as fiber width, curl and kink became increased as the number of passes through the kneader increased from 0 to 5 passes. The magnitude of changes in the morphological properties of softwood chemical pulp was the largest, followed by hardwood chemical pulp. The morphological properties of HwBCTMP were little influenced by kneading treatment. Swelling of fiber measured by WRV was increased with kneading except of HwBCTMP.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2004

The amount of non-lignin components in unbleached and oxygen-delignified kraft pulps and their impact on lignin determinations was investigated. The lignin analyses investigated were kappa number and Klason lignin in conjunction with acid-soluble lignin. The species investigated were loblolly pine, and aspen. The non-lignin components that impacted on lignin determination were residual extractives and hexenuronic acid in unbleached and oxygen-delignified kraft pulps. In the hardwoods, significant amounts of extractives remained after kraft pulping and oxygen delignification. These residual extractives in the hardwood pulps had an impact on the lignin determination, more so on the acid lignin method than kappa number. Hexenuronic acid only impacts on kappa number determination both softwood and hardwood pulps, not on acid lignin. Hexeneuronic acid contributed as lignin content more in aspen than pine pulps, and more in oxygen-delignified than unbleached kraft pulps. Impact of hexenuronic acid on should be corrected both softwood and hardwood pulps for accurate kappa number.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2006

The paper discusses the combined use of softwood and eucalyptus kraft pulps in the production of printing and writing papers. Looking for process and paper quality optimization, refining pilot plant trails were carried to identify the effects of refining type (mixed or separate) and intensities (specific edge load), and also furnish composition (amount of each pulp in mixture) on final paper quality and process costs. The basic effects on pulp fibers were evaluated against paper quality properties, such as physical strengths, bulk, vessel picking, opacity and porosity, as well as the interactions with papermaking process, such as estimates of paper machine runnability, paper breaks and industrial refining control. The results show that the furnish composition and the type of refining has a significant effect on properties related with both final paper quality and total costs. The best alternative for printing and writing papers was identified for mixed refining, under the lowest refining intensity, and with the highest dosage of eucalyptus pulp.