• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2023

Large software systems are being produced with a noticeably higher level of quality with component-based software engineering (CBSE), which places a strong emphasis on breaking down engineered systems into logical or functional components with clearly defined interfaces for inter-component communication. The component-based software engineering is applicable for the commercial products of open-source software. Software metrics play a major role in application development which improves the quantitative measurement of analyzing, scheduling, and reiterating the software module. This methodology will provide an improved result in the process, of better quality and higher usage of software development. The major concern is about the software complexity which is focused on the development and deployment of software. Software metrics will provide an accurate result of software quality, risk, reliability, functionality, and reusability of the component. The proposed metrics are used to assess many aspects of the process, including efficiency, reusability, product interaction, and process complexity. The details description of the various software quality metrics that may be found in the literature on software engineering. In this study, it is explored the advantages and disadvantages of the various software metrics. The topic of component-based software engineering is discussed in this paper along with metrics for software quality, object-oriented metrics, and improved performance.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the object-oriented metrics which have strong impact on the reliability and fault-proneness of software products. The reliability and fault-proneness of software product is closely related to the design properties of class diagrams such as coupling between objects and depth of inheritance tree. Methods: This study has empirically validated the object-oriented metrics to determine which metrics are the best to predict fault-proneness. We have tested the metrics using logistic regressions and artificial neural networks. The results are then compared and validated by ROC curves. Results: The artificial neural network models show better results in sensitivity, specificity and correctness than logistic regression models. Among object-oriented metrics, several metrics can estimate the fault-proneness better. The metrics are CBO (coupling between objects), DIT (depth of inheritance), LCOM (lack of cohesive methods), RFC (response for class). In addition to the object-oriented metrics, LOC (lines of code) metric has also proven to be a good factor for determining fault-proneness of software products. Conclusion: In order to develop fault-free and reliable software products on time and within budget, assuring quality of initial phases of software development processes is crucial. Since object-oriented metrics can be measured in the early phases, it is important to make sure the key metrics of software design as good as possible.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.134-146
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• 2016

Purpose: Many domestic companies have to make out quantitative evaluation table in their proposal when they conduct the software R&D project. However, most of companies have a difficulty to select the evaluation items and criteria, also to derive a quantitative results. Therefore, we propose a method to derive the quantitative evaluation index by utilizing the ISO/IEC 9126-2. Methods: Analyzing ISO/IEC 9126-2, and we classify the quality metrics as high-classification and sub-classification for Web/App software, Embedded software and Installation software. Next, Conduct the metrics selection survey depending on importance and necessity. Then, carry out the case study. Verify the correspondence between evaluation items and criteria from original suggestion of company and from outcome by utilizing the ISO/IEC 9126-2 quality metrics. Results: It is possible to classify into two metrics, one for common software or one another for only special software. Furthermore, there is quality metrics that is more important and more necessary depending upon characteristics of the software. Conclusion: ISO/IEC 9126-2 quality metrics can be used to make an evaluation items and criteria for quantitative evaluation table of software product.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.232-240
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• 2022

To fulfill user expectations, the rapid evolution of software techniques and approaches has necessitated reliable and flawless software operations. Aging prediction in the software under operation is becoming a basic and unavoidable requirement for ensuring the systems' availability, reliability, and operations. In this paper, an improved evolutionary computing-driven extreme learning scheme (ECD-ELM) has been suggested for object-oriented software aging prediction. To perform aging prediction, we employed a variety of metrics, including program size, McCube complexity metrics, Halstead metrics, runtime failure event metrics, and some unique aging-related metrics (ARM). In our suggested paradigm, extracting OOP software metrics is done after pre-processing, which includes outlier detection and normalization. This technique improved our proposed system's ability to deal with instances with unbalanced biases and metrics. Further, different dimensional reduction and feature selection algorithms such as principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and T-Test analysis have been applied. We have suggested a single hidden layer multi-feed forward neural network (SL-MFNN) based ELM, where an adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) has been applied to estimate the weight and bias parameters for ELM learning. Unlike the traditional neural networks model, the implementation of GA-based ELM with LDA feature selection has outperformed other aging prediction approaches in terms of prediction accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure. The results affirm that the implementation of outlier detection, normalization of imbalanced metrics, LDA-based feature selection, and GA-based ELM can be the reliable solution for object-oriented software aging prediction.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-55
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• 2005

In this research, we've studied to the software productivity and quality measures and metrics for raise UP the advanced software industry. For the purpose, we've studied relative research and reorganized 74 metrics. Reorganized 74 metrics were developed considering scalability, measurement and acquisition possibility and verified by software development experts. Finally, we've conducted a survey on the high measurement possibility metrics. Data were gathered from 20 software development project. It was found from the result need more efforts for the software development productivity improvement for advanced software industry.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2000

고품질의 소프트웨어를 개발하기 위하여, 소프트웨어의 품질을 측정하는 메트릭스가 활발히 개발되었고 근래에는 객체지향 메트릭스도 제시되고 있다. 그러나 개발 과정에서 품질을 관리하기 위하여 메트릭스를 이용하는 방법에 대한 연구는 제대로 이루어지고 있지 않다. 이는 개발 과정에서 적용되는 메트릭스의 의미를 전체적인 품질 관점에서 이해하기가 어렵기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 제품 특성을 기반으로 정의된 소프트웨어 품질 모형(H-SQM)을 이용하여 개발 과정에 소프트웨어 품질 메트릭스를 적용하는 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법에서는 H-SQM을 표현한 원인-결과 다이어그램을 공정분석도로 바꾼다. 공정분석도에 따라 개발 단계별로 소프트웨어 품질 메트릭스를 적용한다. 이러한 방법으로 개발 과정에서 소프트웨어의 품질을 효율적으로 개선해 나갈 수 있도록 메트릭스를 적용 할 수 있게 된다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2011

Nowadays software developers are moving from conventional software process technologies to the object-oriented paradigm. To develope the object-oriented softwares efficiently, various software metrics have been suggested. Coupling refers to the degree of independence between components of the system. It has long been well known that good software practice calls for minimizing coupling interaction. Many researches have been studied coupling metrics of the object- oriented systems. We review Chidamber and Kemerer's work & Li's work. In this paper, we study the coupling of the overall structures of object-oriented systems by analyzing the class diagram of UML. We propose four coupling metrics for object-oriented softwares. First, we use an established coupling metric for object- oriented systems as a basic coupling metric. Then we modify the basic coupling metric by including indirect coupling between classes, We also suggest two relative coupling metrics to measure coupling between subsystems. We investigate the theoretical soundness of the proposed metrics by the axioms of Briand et al. Finally, we apply the presented metrics to a practical case study. This coupling metric will be helpful to the software developers for their designing tasks by evaluating the coupling metric of the structures of object-oriented system and redesigning tasks of the system.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.760-772
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• 2004

소프트웨어의 개발 생산성 향상과 고품질의 소프트웨어 생산을 위해서 현재 컴포넌트 기반 개발(CBD)이 보편화되고 있다. 이러한 CBD는 소프트웨어의 재사용성을 높여 주며 개발기간 단축과 개발비용의 절감을 가져오고 있다. 이러한 장점 때문에 산업계에서는 맡은 부분을 컴포넌트로 만들려고 노력하고 있다. 그러나, 만들어진 소프트웨어 컴포넌트에 대해서 얼마나 품질이 좋은지, 또한 얼마나 재사용성이 있는가에 대한 검증은 아직 미흡한 상태이다. 본 논문에서는 만들어진 소프트웨어 컴포넌트에 대한 품질 중 재사용성을 측정하는데 필요한 측정 방법을 제공한다. 재사용성의 측정 방법은 크게 간접적인 측정 기준과 직접적인 측정 기준으로 구분한다. 직접적인 측정 기준은 컴포넌트를 구성하는 클래스들과 컴포넌트의 인터페이스들을 조사해서 얻을 수 있는 방법을 말하는 것으로 컴포넌트의 크기, 복잡도, 결합도, 응집도 등을 측정한다. 간접적인 측정 기준은 이러한 직접적인 측정기준을 가지고 측정이 되는 기준으로서 이해도, 적용가능성, 수정가능성, 모듈화가능성이 있다. 이러한 간접적인 측정은 궁극적으로 재사용성의 측정에 사용이 된다. 이러한 직접적인 측정기준과 간접적인 측정을 이용해서 재사용성에 대한 측정을 해본 결과 소프트웨어 컴포넌트의 품질이 향상되면서 측정값이 재사용성에 도움을 주는 방향으로 변화하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1338-1346
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• 2017

To achieve software quality and human-centred design for electronic ship navigation called e-navigation, an international guideline of software quality assurance and human-centred design was approved in 2015. Usability is a common goal of both software quality assurance and human-centred design as developing e-navigation system and software developments. Therefore, research is needed to evaluate the usability of e-navigation systems and software such as metrics that can use usability testing. This paper derives effectiveness metrics for e-Navigation usability testing based on international standards. The research method is to analyses and compares the effectiveness measurement and metrics in ISO 9241-11 for human-centered design and ISO/IEC 25022 and 25023 for software quality to find out measurements and metrics being defined commonly. The derived metrics are applied to Electronic Chart Display and Information System as a case study based on performance standard.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.603-615
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• 2007

다양한 이유로 소프트웨어는 변경이 될 수 있으며 이는 유지보수 비용의 상승을 초래한다. 소프트웨어 메트릭은 클래스의 특성에 대한 정량적인 값으로서 유지보수 비용, 결함의 가능성 여부 등을 예측하는데 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 대표적인 객체지향 메트릭과 산업체의 실제 소프트웨어 개발 과정에서 발생하는 변경 발생 횟수와의 관계를 제시한다. 규모, 복잡도, 결합도, 상속과 다형성 측면에서 7개의 메트릭이 사용되었으며, .NET 플랫폼 기반의 정보 시스템의 개발 과정에서 변경 발생 횟수에 대한 자료를 수집하였다. 본 논문에서는 다중회귀분석 기법을 이용하여 사용된 객체지향 메트릭으로부터 변경 발생횟수를 예측하는 모형을 제시한다.