• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2003년도 제20차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.84-86
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• 2003

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of yeast Rhodotourula glutinis(Glutincus) on the performance and egg quality of layers. A total of 360 ISA Brown layers of 72 weeks old were assigned to one of the following 6 diets ：control, 25 ppm ${\beta}$-carotene. 0.5％, 1％, 2％ and 4％ Glutinicus supplemented diet. Each treatment was replicated three times with 20 birds housed in 2 birds cage units. Glutinicus supplemented at the level of 0.5％ significantly(p＜0.05) improved egg production and FCR. Soft and broken egge production rate decreased as the level of Glutinicus supplementation increased. Eggshell was highest in Glutinicus 4％ supplementation. Egg yolk color increased linearly as the level of Glutinicus supplementation increased up to 2％ of the diet. It was concluded that Glutinicus supplementation at the level of 0.5％ can be recommended for the improvement of egg production while 2.0％ can be recommended for egg yolk pigmentation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.946-951
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• 2010

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of blood meal (BM) as a source of histidine, and magnesium oxide (MgO) as a catalyst of carnosine synthetase, on carnosine (L-Car) content in the chicken breast muscle (CBM), laying performance, and egg quality of spent old hens. Four hundred eighty laying hens (Hy-Line$^{(R)}$ Brown), 95wk old, were allotted randomly into five replicates of six dietary treatments: T1; 100% basal diet, T2; 100% basal diet+MgO, T3; 97.5% basal diet+2.5% BM, T4; 97.5% basal diet+2.5% BM+MgO, T5; 95% basal diet+5% BM, T6; 95% basal diet+5% BM+MgO. Magnesium oxide was added at 0.3% of diets. The layers were fed experimental diets for 5wk. There were no significant differences in the weekly L-Car content in CBM among all treatments during the total experimental period, but some of the contrast comparisions showed higher L-Car in CBM of T6. The L-Car contents linearly decreased (p<0.01 or p<0.05) as the layers got older except in T4 (p>0.05). There were significant differences in egg weight (p<0.01) and soft and broken egg ratio (p<0.05). The control (T1) was highest in egg weight and T6 was lowest in soft and broken egg ratio. Among the parameters of egg quality, there were significant differences in eggshell strength (p<0.01) and egg yolk color (p<0.05). Magnesium oxide supplementation increased the eggshell strength and BM tended to decrease egg yolk color. Eggshell color, eggshell thickness, and Haugh unit were not influenced by BM and MgO. In conclusion, BM and MgO did not significantly influence the L-Car in CBM of spent layers. The L-Car content rapidly decreased as the layers became senescent. Eggshell strength was increased by MgO supplementation.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.177-185
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• 1992

본 연구는 대한양계협회에서 1985년부터 1991년까지 7회에 걸쳐 실시한 산난계 경제능력 검정성적을 기초로 하여 유색산난계의 연파난 발생비율과 다른 형질간의 년차별 평균능력의 변화와 연파난 발생비율이 다른 형질들에 의해 변화되는 정도를 추정하여 상관계수를 구하여 산난계의 연파난 발생비율을 감소시킬 수 있는 산란계 개량 방향과 사양관리조건 개선에 대한 기초 자료를 제시하기 위하여 실시한 것으로 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유색산난계의 18∼72주령 초산일령은 163.6일, 산난율은 79.49％, 산난지수는 272.9개, 난중은 62.69g이었으며, 연파난 발생비율은 1.141％이었고 백색산난계는 18∼72주령에 각 형질의 평균능력이 각각 157.2일, 77.87％, 265.1개, 60.26g이었으며 연파난 발생비율은 1.174％이었다. 2. 유색산난계의 18∼72주령과 18∼78주령에 조사된 각 형질의 능력에 대한 유의성 검정결과 생존율, 초산일령, 산난율, 사료요구율, 체중 및 연파난 발생비율은 고도의 통계적 유의성(P＜0.01)이 인정되었다. 3. 유색산난계의 '85∼'91년 기간중 18∼72주령에는 초산일령은 168.5일에서 155.9일로 단축되었고 연파난 발생비율은 1.4∼l.69％에서 0.89∼0.94％로 감소하였으며, 18∼78주령에는 산난율은 74.5∼75.1％에서 77.8∼80.6％로 증가하였고, 산난지수는 302.0∼304.6개로 증가하였고, 연파난율은 1.54∼2.02％에서 0.98％ 내외로 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 4. 유색산난계에 대한 각 형질의 능력에 따른 21∼72주령의 연파난 발생비율과의 상관계수는 초산일령 0.3985, 난중 0.1072, 72주령 체중은 0.4225로 정의 상관을 나타냈으며, 산난율은 -0.5662, 산난지수는 -0.2896, 그리고 사료요구율과는 -0.245로 부의 상관을 나타냈다. 5. 유색산난계의 21∼78주령 각 형질의 능력에 따른 연파난 발생비율과의 상관계수는 초산 일령 0.3971, 난중 0.1171 그리고 78주령 체중은 0.4609의 정의 상관을 나타냈고, 산난율은 -0.5041, 산난지수는 -0.2372 그리고 사료요구율은 -0.2421로 부의 상관을 나타냈다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.975-980
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• 2004

본 연구는 사료 내 Rhodotorula glutinis(Gluti- nicus) 효모의 첨가가 계란의 생산성, 난각 및 난황 색도에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 72주령의 갈색 산란계 ISA Brown 360수를 공시하여 control, $\beta$-carotene 25ppm, 0.5%, 1%, 2% 그리고 4% Glutinicus로 처리하여 시험하였다. 각각의 처리구는 3반복, 반복당 20수씩, 한 케이지당 2수씩 배치하여 6주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. Glutinicus 첨가구 중 0.5% 수준(p<0.05)에서 사료요구율(FCR)과 계란 생산성 개선이 유의하게 나타났으며 연파란 발생율은 Glutinicus 첨가량 수준이 증가함에 따라서 감소하였다. 난각 강도는 Glutinicus 4% 첨가 시에 가장 높았으며, 난황 색도는 Glutinicus가 증가함에 따라서 2% 첨가까지 점차적으로 증가하였지만 Glutinicus 4% 첨가구와 2% 첨가구와는 유의적으로 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 Glutinicus 0.5% 첨가가 계란 생산성을 증진시킬 수 있고, 난황 착색을 위해서는 Glutinicus 2% 첨가가 효과적이었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2002

비타민 C 첨가가 산란계의 생산성과 난각의 품질에 미치는 영향을 측정하기 위하여 사양실험을 실시하였다. 71주령된 산란계(ISA-Brown) 800수를 공시하여 LG 비타민 C를 각각 0, 3, 10, 50, 100 ppm, flee ascorbic acid 100 ppm, Rovimix stay C-35 100 ppm, vitamin C 50 ppm + Zn chelate (100 ppm in Zn)를 첨가한 8처리구에 5반복, 반복당 20수씩 2수용 케이지에 수용하여 난괴법으로 배치하였다. 사양실험은 5월 중순에 시작하여 4주간 실시하였으며, 이 기간 중 평균온도는 23,8$^{\circ}C$(오후 5:00 기준)이었다. 비타민 C의 첨가시 대조구에 비해 산란을, 난중 및 난각 품질의 개선효과는 없었다. 비타민 C첨가구들 중 100 ppm의 LG 비타민 C 첨가구, Rovimix stay C-35 첨가구, LG 비타민 C 50 ppm+zn chelate 첨가구의 산란율이 대조구에 비해 낮았으며, 난중은 대조구와 LG 비타민 C 100 ppm 첨가구가 가장 높았다. 50, 100 ppm LG 비타민 C 첨가와 Rovimix stay C-35첨가는 연파란율을 증가시켰다. 난각두께는 LG 비타민 C 첨가구 모두 대조구와 차이가 없었다 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 외기 온도가20-$26^{\circ}C$인 환경하에서는 산란계 사료에 3-100 ppd수준의 비타민 C첨가는 산란계의 생산성 개선에 유의한 영향을 주지 못하였다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.263-269
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• 2000

This study was carried out to set a standard of damage compensation by researching state of damage due to noises in laying and prelaying hens. Recently, there are many damage cases in chicken farms near construction site that were caused by noises of construction. Therefore disputes and complaints about economical loss have increased ceaselessly. But we have few research and report such a thing. The result have shown that the weight loss rate was ranged from 9.48% to 23.2% and mortality of laying period of hens was higher than prelaying period. Pathological findings were fatty liver, congestion and hemorrhage of intestine, erosion of proventriculus and gizzard in order of case frequency. And these signs in hens of laying period was more serious than prelaying period. Half-life rate of antibody titers against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis in sound stressed hens was no different compared with non-stressed hens. Egg production rate dropped from 38% to 45% according to strength of noises. Before being stressed, hens produced special, large, middle, small-size eggs in the order. But after being stressed, their egg Production rate of middle, small-size Increased while egg production rate of special, large-size decreased. Production rate of soft and broken shell eggs was 0.015% in the stressed flocks higher than 0.005% in the non-stressed flocks.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1043-1048
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of Fe-soy proteinate (Fe-SP) and magnesium oxide (MgO) dietary supplements on eggshell quality in laying hens. A total of 800 26-wk-old Hy-Line Brown hens were assigned to four dietary treatments: control (C), Fe-SP 100 (100 ppm Fe-soy proteinate), MgO (3 g MgO/kg diet), and Fe-SP 100+MgO. Each treatment had five replicates of 40 hens. The FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) spectra of Fe-soy proteinate were different from those of $FeSO_4$ and soy digest. There were no significant differences among treatments in hen-day egg production, hen-house egg production, broken and soft egg rate, feed intake, or feed conversion. The MgO and Fe-SP 100+MgO treatments showed significantly (p<0.05) higher egg weights than the control group. Eggshell strength and thickness were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the MgO supplemented groups. The lightness and yellowness of the eggshells decreased, and the redness increased significantly in the Fe-SP treated groups. There were no significant differences among treatments in leukocyte level, but hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were higher with Fe-SP treatments. In conclusion, supplementation with Fe-SP significantly affects eggshell color and hemoglobin concentration, whereas MgO supplementation increases eggshell strength and thickness. Egg weight and egg shell quality can be improved by supplementation of 100 ppm Fe in the form of Fe-SP and 3 g MgO/kg diet.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2004년도 제21차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.93-94
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• 2004

The experiments was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal and pyridoxine on the taurine content of egg yolk and performance of laying hens. Feeding trial was conducted with 900 31-wk-old Hy-Line Brown layers for 4wks. The experiment consisted of six dietary treatments: control(basal diet), feather meal(FM) 3 % diet(FM 3 %), FM 3 % + pyridoxine supplemented diet(FM 3 % + Pyridox), FM 6 % diet, FM 6 % + pyridoxine supplemented diet(FM 6% + Pyridox), Synthetic taurine 0.25 % supplemented diet(Taurine). Egg production of birds fed FM 3% was highest and those of the FM diets were also higher than those of Taurine and the control. Egg weight of Taurine was significantly lower than those of FM 3 %, FM 6 % and the control but were not significantly different from those of FM 3 % + Pyridox or FM 6 % + Pyridox. Feed intake of the control was greater than those of FM 6 %, FM 6% + Pyridox or Taurine treatment but was not significantly different from those of FM 3 % and FM 3 % + Pyridox. Feed conversion of the control was significantly higher than other treatments in which that of FM 6 % was lowest. Broken and soft egg production of Taurine was highest while that of the control was lowest among treatments. Taurine content of egg yolk significantly increased by supplementation of taurine(64.7 %). FM 6 % + pyridoxine(57 %), FM 3% + pyridoxine (32.1%) and FM 6% (16.6 %). Sensory evaluation data of Taurine has shown the highest score in most of sensory attributes. It is concluded that taurine can be enriched in egg yolk by supplementation of 6 % FM diet and pyridoxine as well as 0.25 % synthetic taurine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.226-229
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• 2005

An experiment was conducted to produce eggs enriched with vitamins $D_3$, K and iron in eggs. Six hundred 97-wk-old ISA Brown force molted hens were allocated to completely randomized block arrangement of six dietary treatments: T1; control (C), T2; C+4,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+2.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T3; C+8,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+5.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T4; C+12,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+7.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T5; C+16,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+10.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T6; C+20,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+12.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe. Fe was supplemented with Fe-methionine. Each treatment consisted of five replicates of ten cages with two birds per cage. Egg production and egg weight were highest in T2 and incidence of soft and broken egg was highest in T6. Haugh unit was not different among treatments although it tended to be increased as dietary vitamins $D_3$ and K increased. Eggshell strength was not different among treatment. Concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and K in egg yolk increased and plateaued approximately 20 days after feeding supplemented diets. The level of these vitamins peaked at 12,000 IU/kg vitamin $D_3$ and 7.5 mg/kg vitamin K supplementation and then decreased at the higher than these supplementation levels. The peak concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and vitamin K were 4.6 times and 4.8 times greater than the control, respectively. Supplementary Fe also increased Fe content in egg yolk. It is concluded that vitamin $D_3$ and K in eggs can be effectively enriched by proper supplementation time and level of these vitamins.