• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.346-349
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• 2004

Surfactant-enhanced electrokinetic (EK) process was investigated to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from low-permeable soils. Phenanthrene and kaolinite were selected as a representative PAH and a model soil, respectively. A nonionic surfactant Tergitol 15-S-12 was applied to improve the solubility of phenanthrene and sodium chloride was used as an electrolyte at the various concentrations from 0.001 to 0.1M. The addition of electrolyte affected both the removal efficiency and operation cost. When electrolyte was introduced, the electrical potential gradient became low and thus power consumption was reduced. However, as electrolyte concentration increased, the electroosmotic flow also decreased, so the removal efficiency of contaminant decreased. Therefore, the removal efficiency and power consumption should be considered simultaneously to determine the iptimum surfactant concentration, so a relatively lower concentration of electrolyte than certain value is desired.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2017

Gustation, initiated by the detection of taste molecules by specific receptors expressed in taste cells, plays an essential role in food selection and consequently in overall nutrition for humans. In the past decade, a remarkable amount of knowledge of taste perception in the neurology, molecular biology, and genetics has emerged, particularly in basic tastes- sweet, bitter, sour, salt and umami. Among them, sweet, bitter and umami are recognized via the specific G-protein coupled receptors. Salt and sour are primarily mediated by apically located ion channel-type receptors. Because excessive salt or sugar consumption leads to high rates of diet-associated diseases and it comes from eating prepared or processed foods, an understanding of the underlying mechanisms in salt and sweet perception is crucial in food industry. This review will focus on recent progress of the perception of salt and sweet taste to provide basic knowledge for reducing salt and sugar consumption.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.453-472
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• 1993

Two types of solar energy-latent heat storage system have been developed to minimize the fossil fuel consumption and maximize the solar energy utilization in greenhouse heating during the winter season. The one was installed on the greenhouse floor, and the other in the underground of the greenhouse . Sodium suphate decahydrate was selected as a highly concentrative solar energy storage medium and its unstable thermophysicla properties were adjusted by some additives. Thermal efficiency of them was analyzed by numerical and experimental method.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.557-563
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• 2009

In this study the perception and consumption of processed meat products by students in food service schools was investigated. The total number of subjects in Seoul and Gangwon province used for this survey was 569. The most preferred processed meat product for students was the fried pork cutlet(17.7%), followed by bacon(11.4%), ham(7.9%) and sausage(7.6%). The main reasons for the consumption of these processed meat products were 'good taste'(52.5%), 'convenience in eating'(18.8%) and 'as the parent buy'(18.8%). The preference for the processed meat products had a relatively high perception value(4.0). However, the effect of consuming processed meat products on nutrition and health had a relatively low perception value(2.9). Reasons for distrusting the processed meat products were attributed to 'bad influence by media'(25.9%) and the 'unsanitary manufacture'(23.6%). In regards to the question about sodium nitrite, most of the students(56.2%) replied that they had 'never heard of it' or 'didn't know it well'. In conclusion, an improvement in public information would be a prerequisite for expanding wholesome use of processed meat products.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.90-100
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• 1999

In order to investigate dietary risk factors for hypertension in th elderly, dietary intakes and dietary habits of 405 elderly subjects, aged 60-94, were assessed by the questionnaire, anthropometric measurement and a 24-hour dietary recall. The prevalence of definite (>95mmHg for diastolic or>160mmHg for systeolic blood pressue) and borderline(90-95mmHg for diastolic or 140-160mmHg for systolic blood pressure) hypertensive subjects 33.3% and 19.3%, respectively. The distribution of the subjects for Body Mass Index(BMI), waist-hip ratio, and alcohol consumption were significantly different among definite, borderline, and normal groups(p<0.05). The distribution of the subjects for smoking, exercise, and preference of salty food were not significantly different among definite, borderline, and normal groups(p>0.05). From the generalized logistic regression analysis of the risk factors for the hypertension, the subjects with over 27 of BMI had significantly higher risk of hypertension. Alcohol consumption and preference of salty food were significant risk factors of hypertension in the elderly. Dietary risk factors for the hypertension that had significant relationship to the hypertension were intakes of potassium, calcium, phosphate, sodium, vitamin B1, niacin, and folate. There was no significant difference of consumption frequencies of food and dish among definite, borderline, and normal groups(p>0.05). The amount of intakes for cereals and grain product, bean and their products, eggs were significantly different among definite, borderline, and normal groups(p<0.05). In summary, the amount of dietary intakes to hypertension in elderly population. Longitudinal studies for dietary risk factors on incidence of hypertension are needed in general population, especially in the elderly.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.282-293
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of hypertension is increasing, and noodles have a high sodium content, so noodle consumption might be associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the association between total and types of noodle intake and the risk of hypertension among Korean adults. Subjects aged 40-69 years were selected for this study. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study included 56,580 participants (18,246 men and 38,334 women) aged 40-69 years old from the Health Examinees study. Noodle and nutrient intakes were assessed using the food frequency questionnaire. Hypertension was diagnosed as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or antihypertensive medication use. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for hypertension. RESULTS: Higher noodle consumption was associated with increased hypertension among men (HR, 1.273; 95% CI, 1.166-1.390) and women (HR, 1.116; 95% CI, 1.038-1.199). CONCLUSION: We recommended reducing noodle intake and consuming vegetables and fruits to increase potassium intake, which can prevent vascular diseases.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.672-676
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• 1999

흡착을 이용한 분리공정에서 가장 기본적인 것은 흡착평형식이다. 본 연구에서는 용출곡선법과 frontal analysis(FA)을 사용하여 용출곡선에서 직접 흡착평형식을 구하였다. 역상 액체 크로마토그래피(RP-HPLC)에서 시료는 5'-GMP이고 buffer로서 sodium phosphate를 물에 첨가하여 이동상으로 사용하였다. 이 실험조건에서는 시료의 양이 증가함에 따라서 체류시간이 감소하고 피크의 앞부분이 매우 경사가 심한 Langmuir 흡착평형식이 되었다. 용출곡선을 이용한 방법을 이용하여 Langmuir 흡착평형식의 매개변수를 최적화하여 구하였고 FA 방법을 이용하여 고정상의 농도를 용출곡선으로부터 측정하고 회귀분석에 의하여 흡착평형식을 측정하였다. FA 방법에 비해서 용출곡선법은 시료의 양이 적게 소모되고 실험 횟수도 1-2번 정도로 간편하였다. 이동상에 포함된 sodium phosphate의 농도에 따라서 Langmuir 흡착평형식의 매개변수에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.337-341
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• 2001

A new method to extract gold from pyrite roster cinder, which combines ultra-fine-grinding with resin-in-pulp, has been studied in this paper. Compared with traditional leaching technology, it can short leaching time, avoid complex filter process, lower sodium cyanide consumption and increase gold recovery by 35%. During leaching, aluminium oxide ball was used as stirred medium, hydrogen peroxide as leaching aid and sodium hexametaphosphate as grinding aid. With the high efficiency and chemistry effect of ultra-fine-grinding, the leaching process was developed and the gold leaching rate may reach 88%. With AM-2 Б resin as abosorber and sulfocarbamide (TU) as eluent, gold was recovered from cyanide pulp by resin-in-pulp. AM-2 Б resin has good adsorbability in cyanide solution(pH=10). It was easy to elude gold from the loaded resin with 0.1㏖/L cholhydric acid and 1㏖/L sulfocabamide. The effect of contact time, temperature and acidity etc. on the gold absorption had been examined with static methods. The results showed that the adsorption and desorption of gold could both reach over 98%. The effects of flow rate of solution on dynamic adsorption and elution of gold had been examined with dynamic methods. Breakthrough curve and elution curve had been drawn in this paper. A mild condition was determined through a number of experiments: leaching time 2 hours, liquid solid ratio 4:1, sodium cyanide 3kg/t, hydrogen peroxide 0.05%, sodium hexametaphosphate 0.05%; adsorption time 30 minutes, temperature 10-3$0^{\circ}C$, resin($m\ell$) solid(g) ratio 1:10, eluent resin ratio 10-20:1, velocity of eluent $1.5m\ell$/min. Under the mild condition, the gold recovery may reach 85%.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.38-48
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare regional differences in salty taste assessments, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes and dietary behaviors associated with high-salt diets in four national regions in Korea (Region 1: Seoul, Sokcho, Region 2: Buyeo, Jecheon, Gong Ju, Region 3: Daegu, Gyeongsan, Region 4: Jeon Ju). Subjects were 860 persons who participated in sodium reduction campaign. The result of the salty taste assessment by region was not significantly different. The nutrition knowledge score of subjects in Region 1 was the highest. Dietary attitude scores that showed preference for high-salt diets of Region 2 and Region 4 subjects were higher than those of Regions 1 and 3 subjects (p < 0.001). Dietary behavior scores were not significantly different among regions. The correlation between sodium intake and salty taste assessment was significant (p < 0.01). Older subjects who had high blood pressure levels and lower nutrition knowledge were more likely to have high sodium intakes. Even though the salty taste assessment and dietary behavior scores by region were not significantly different, the salty taste assessment scores had a significant negative correlation with nutrition knowledge and had a significant positive correlation with dietary attitude and dietary behavior in terms of preference for high-salt diets. Therefore, nationwide education regarding salt intake reduction and health and a campaign to encourage favorable attitudes and behavioral changes regarding consumption of a no-salt / low-salt diet is needed.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1983

적출된 개구리 피부에서 $Na^+$이동, 산소소모량 및 Na-K-ATPase활성도에 대한 SITS(4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyano-2, 2'-disulfonic stilbene)의 영향을 연구하였다. 피부를 통한 능동적$Na^+$이동을 추정하기 위하여 short-circuit current(SCC)를 측정하였으며, 산소소모량은 피부조직 및 분리된 표피조직에서 측정하였으며, Na-K-ATPase활성도는 표피조직의 $24,000{\times}g$분획에서 측정하였다. 피부를 통한 SCC는 10 mM SITS가 피부외측용액에 첨가될 때 급격히 하강하였으며, 내측용액에 첨가될 때는 20분정도 지난후 하강하기 시작하였으나 그 하강정도는 전자에 비해 약했다. SITS에 의한 SCC억제현상은 용액내에 $Cl^-$이 없을때도 나타났다. SITS에 의하여 피부 및 표피조직의 산소소모량은 억제되지 않았으나 표피조직분획내 Na-K-ATPase활성도는 심하게 억제되었다. 이상과 같은 성적은 SITS가 개구리 피부에서 능동적 $Na^+$이동을 강력히 억제함을 나타내는데, 이러한 억제작용은 이 약물이 주로 상피세포의 외측막에 작용하여 나타나는 것으로 사료되지만 $Na^+$펌프를 억제할 가능성을 전연 배제할 수는 없다.