• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2016

Purpose - This study purposes to analyze the impact of regional economic integration and macroeconomic on Indonesian FDI inflows. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected from bilateral relation between Indonesia and 21 home countries whose dominant share FDI to Indonesia from 2005 to 2013. Analysis method was conducted by panel gravity modeI to find the impact of regional economic integration and macroeconomic on Indonesian FDI inflows. Results - The empirical results show that GDP of the home country and Indonesia have a positive impact on Indonesia FDI. Distance and home country real interest rate have a negative impact on Indonesia FDI. Economic integration of European Union (EU) and Indonesia's cooperation with Japan in ASEAN-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership (AJCEP) have created impact of investment creation on Indonesia FDI, unfortunately, economic integration of ASEAN has created impact of investment diversion on Indonesian FDI. Conclusions - In order to increase FDI inflow to Indonesia, Indonesia government should improve the physical and social infrastructures to drive the productivity and economic efficiency. It will increase the GDP and also attract more investors. Low interest rate policy should be considered.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.133-146
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• 2014

자연재해의 경제적 영향평가에 대한 연구는 많으나 화산재해의 영향평가에 대한 연구는 상대적으로 매우 적다. 국내의 경우, 화산 폭발에 대한 국가적, 사회적 관심 부족으로 화산재해 영향평가에 대한 학계 연구도 매우 부족하다. 이러한 연구실정을 고려하여, 본 연구는 자연재해의 경제적 영향평가 연구방법론을 조사하고 향후 예상되는 백두산 화산재해에의 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 본 연구의 주요 내용과 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자연재해 및 화산재해에 대해 조사한 결과, 아시아지역에서 자연재해 피해규모가 가장 컸고 아시아와 아메리카 대륙의 경제적 피해가 가장 많았던 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 최근 30년 사이에 화산분화가 매우 빈번했던 일본에서 화산재해로 인한 피해연구가 활발했던 반면, 화산분화가 드문 한국과 중국에서는 화산재해의 경제적 영향에 대한 연구가 매우 희소하다. 셋째, 자연재해에 의한 피해 유형 및 복합 피해구조에 대하여 살펴보았고, 그 중에서 정량적인 분석이 가능하다고 생각되는 경제적 간접피해를 추정할 수 있는 몇 가지 방법들을 비교 검토해 보았다. 각 방법론을 백두산 화산재해에 적용하는 경우, 모형 고유의 특징 때문에 피해규모가 과대 추정되거나 혹은 과소 추정될 가능성이 있으므로 계산된 피해결과는 사후적인 비교 검토가 필요하다. 마지막으로 일본의 화산재해에 관한 학술적 연구를 백두산 화산폭발의 경제적 영향 평가 연구의 출발점으로 활용할 수도 있겠지만, 미국에서 사용되는 Hazus나 뉴질랜드에서 사용되는 RiskScape와 같은 컴퓨터 SW를 활용하거나 개발하여 백두산 화산재해의 경제적 영향을 예측하는 것도 좋은 방법이라고 생각된다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2022

Nepotism practices have had a severe impact on the social, ethical, and economic culture of not only corporations but also countries in the modern world. Nepotism behavior not only discourages the determined and motivated employee, but also has a detrimental impact on the worker's satisfaction, performance, and contribution to the firm's success. This increases economic tensions due to workers' dissatisfaction with their jobs and occasionally withdrawal intentions, resulting in poor economic activity and a decline in society as a whole. The purpose of this study is to see how organizations' nepotism affects individual work happiness, withdrawal behavior, social and ethical values, and the country's economic development. The study's target audience was private-sector employees, including managers, non-managerial staff, and middle and lower-level employees. Convenient sampling was used to ensure that the target population was accessible and available. The findings demonstrated that organizational nepotism causes substantial harm not only to employees but also to businesses and the economy. The employee who is happy with his or her job and working environment is less likely to withdraw.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2021

The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the issue of poverty is one of the most acute social problems of the beginning of the third millennium. The phenomenon of poverty is widespread in third world countries as well as it is observed in relatively developed countries. Poverty rates in Latin America are threatening. Consequently, the issue of social and economic inequality in these countries has become extremely acute. The purpose of the research: to identify the causes of poverty and social inequality and substantiate the main directions of poverty reduction in third world countries. The research methods: comparative analysis; index method; systematization; grouping; generalization. Results. The classification of the causes of poverty has been carried out and the directions of its overcoming in the countries of Latin America on groups of indicators have been defined, namely: 1) political; 2) economic; 3) demographic; 4) regional-geographical; 5) social; 6) qualification; 7) personal. Based on the Net Domestic Product indicator, a comparison of economic indicators of the studied countries has been carried out. It has been revealed that from 1990 to 2018 income inequality increased in 52 of 119 countries studied, and decreased in 57 states. Inequality has increased in the world's most populous countries, particularly China and India. In general, countries with growing inequality are home to more than two-thirds (71%) of the world's population. Trends in the distribution of income in the world have been investigated by applying the Gini index, the high level of which is observed in Latin America (Colombia 48,9%, Panama 46,1%, Chile and Mexico 45,9%). The forecast of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on this issue has been outlined; the ways of its impact on the economies of the countries have been studied. As a result of the study, the main directions and mechanisms of the strategy for poverty reduction and social inequality in the third world countries have been identified. The implementation of the poverty reduction strategy presented in this academic paper may have a positive impact on the economic situation of the population of Latin American countries.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2000년도 NEW STRATEGY FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN POST-GENOMIC ERA(대한약학회)
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• pp.129.2-129.2
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• 2000

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2019

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), green supply chain management (GSCM) practices, and business performances. After reviewing the extensive literature, we developed a research model including five constructs: CSR, GSCM practices, environmental, economic and operational performances. We conducted the statistical analyses based on the primary data collected from a survey questionnaire, responded by 93 different company managers in the Republic of Guatemala. Furthermore, we utilized structural equation modeling to analyze the data and to test the hypotheses. The results of the analyses showed that there is a significant influence of CSR on the adoption of GSCM practices. It was also found that GSCM practices have a significant influence on environmental, economic and operational performances. In addition, environmental performance has a significant impact on economic and operational performance. Finally, GSCM has a mediating role on the relationship between CSR and environmental and economic performance, but not with operational performance.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.125-150
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• 2021

The paper investigates investor sentiment's role in boosting Japanese companies to enhance their environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) performance. Using ESG scores of 367 firms between 2005 and 2019 from the ASSET4 database, we find that negative sentiment in the previous year, both firm and market level, can be a stimulation for the company's commitments to its ESG activities next year. Notably, the moderating effect of the business sector and economic cycle on the sentiment-ESG inference are detected in our study differentiating between corporate and market sentiment, which have never been reported before. In detail, we discover that the impact of firm-specific sentiment is less pronounced for high-sensitive ESG firms. On the other hand, the driving force of market sentiment on corporate social behaviors weakens when economic recessions happen. Our results are robust after controlling for potential endogeneity issues and using alternative proxies for market sentiment.

• 수완나부미
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.7-35
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• 2021

This research is an attempt to understand the economic and social consequences that are occurring in Indonesia due to the spread of COVID-19. Indonesia, which has maintained solid economic growth since the inauguration of President Jokowi's government, is also experiencing difficulties to deal with unexpected COVID-19 pandemic as the global economic turmoil has had a very significant impact on its economy. The economic impact of COVID-19 can be felt, starting from the phenomenon of panic buying, the free fall of the stock price index, the depreciation of the Rupiah against the Dollar, sluggish activities in the processing industry, and ultimately it has an impact on slowing economic growth. Various policies and measures have been taken by the Indonesian government to minimize the negative impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. One such area is electronic commerce business or e-commerce that witnessed a vast increase of online and non-cash transaction amid rising voices that the country needs to prepare for the advent of a new economic system, the so-called New Normal era. The Covid-19 pandemic will temporarily slow economic growth and delay some development projects and policy initiatives as the Indonesian government diverts capital from infrastructure development to help respond to the crisis. However, the Jokowi administration's efforts for continuous reform are expected to accelerate the transition to the digital economy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2021

This study investigates the long-run relationship between the de jure economic, political, and social globalization and foreign direct investments in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) to establish whether policies that foster trade and investment relations among geographical entities can help revive the GCC countries from the prevailing economic debacles of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is driven by the GCC's quest to fully overcome the economic challenges occasioned by the outbreak of the global pandemic and position itself as the most potent regional economic bloc in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The study employs the panel data of the six GCC countries of Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, and Saudi Arabia from 1971 to 2017. The findings of the panel fully modified ordinary least square regression estimation show that the de jure economic and social globalization have a significant positive impact on the region's foreign direct investment inflows. The impact of the de jure political globalization on foreign direct investment is statistically significant but negatively signed. Based on the preceding findings, we offer some holistic policy recommendations to the GCC region as recipes for timely recovery from the economic impact of COVID-19 and beyond.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.59-71
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• 1993

Evaluation methods are employed in environmental impact assessment to choose between different project site, to determine the required measures to compensate impact and to decide whether the environmental impacts are more important than the social or economic effects of a project. The main obstacles that restrict use of quantitative evaluation method are a Lack of knowledge about the environmental effects (e.g. if impacts on wildlife or landscape amenities are predicted) and the relative importance of economic and social issues compared with nature conservation stability of ecosystem or landscape beauty. In Germany, the most common method for site planning is the "ecological risk analysis". It is a kind of multi-criteria-decision-method based on quantitative and qualitative description and ordinal ranking. The various kinds of "ecological balancing methods" that are more recently developed (within the last decade) to quantify the required amount for compensatory measures instead often use cardinal figures to express the value of ecosystems, the intensity of impacts, the need for additional measures to compensate for long recuperative periods when restoring ecosystems and so on. There are still only a view attempts to quantify decisions between environmental and socio-economic issues. Multicriteria-analysis as well as cost-benifit-analysis was used. Some new approaches which are still in a preliminary status are based on contingent valuation and on calculations for compensatory payments (instead of compensatory measures).