• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.383-396
• /
• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the effects of the progressive muscle relaxation on behavioral states and emotional reactions of adolescent athletes. The participants were 167 adolescent male soccer players aged between 12 and 18 who were junior or high school students in Seoul. Ninety-three of them were assigned to the experimental group, while seventy-four to the control group. The experimental group was treated by 10 sessions (20 min./session) of Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation for two weeks, while the control group was not treated. The self and observer reported behavioral states, general stress by visual analogue scale, physical symptoms of stress, athletic stress, state anxiety, depression, self-esteem were measured before and after two weeks of the progressive muscle relaxation. The results were as follows ; 1. The self and observer reported behavioral states were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared with the control group. 2. The general stress and the gastrointestinal symptoms of stress were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared with the control group. No significant difference on athletic stress was found between the two groups. The depression and the state anxiety were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared with the control group. The self-esteem was significantly increased in the experimental group compared with the control group. 3. The influential factors on behavioral state of adolescent male athlete were depression and state anxiety. The accelerating factor on behavioral state change after the progressive muscle relaxation was state anxiety. These results are suggested that the progressive muscle relaxation could be effective in stabilizing behavioral state, decreasing general stress, gastrointestinal symptoms of stress, depression, state anxiety, in increasing self-esteem of adolescent male athletes. And the behavioral state change after the progressive muscle relaxation was influenced by state anxiety.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2014

Background : The purpose of this study is to verify the type of influence on the skin color according to the photoaging symptoms depending on the degree of external activities among the factors that influence the skin due to UV exposure and to obtain the basic study data on the physical therapy of the skin. Methods : In this study, in order to investigate the type of influence on the skin color according to the photoaging symptoms when the body is exposed to the UV rays having various effects on our body, a study was conducted using questionnaires and skin color measurement tool targeting 20 male college soccer students with many external activities and the senior high school students who has relatively less external activities due to the preparation for college entrance. The skin color was measured and the results were compared. Result : In the test group having relatively higher external activities, while they had less use of the sunscreen, they had more degree of UV exposure, and for the recognition of ultraviolet hazard, more were aware that it was harmful. In addition, in the skin color measurement test conducted targeting the son and the father in order to investigate the association between the skin color and the genetic factors, the experimental group showed a significant difference(p<.05) but the control group did not show any significant difference(p>.05). Conclusion : Based on such study results, the UV exposure time and the use of sunscreen are thought to be an important factor in the skin care.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.2520-2526
• /
• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 텔레비전을 통해 중계되는 스포츠 경기의 결과가 중간광고 회상에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 스포츠 경기로 인해 유발되는 서스펜스의 조절효과를 검증하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2012 런던 올림픽에서 축구 경기를 시청한 257명의 시청자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 경기결과(패배/무승부)와 서스펜스(고/저)에 따른 광고회상에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 경기의 결과는 광고회상에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 시청자들이 지지하는 팀이 경기에서 패배한 경우에는 무승부일 때보다 광고회상이 낮게 나타났다. 그리고 스포츠 경기가 유발하는 서스펜스가 낮은 경우에는 경기결과에 따른 차이가 없는 것으로 확인되었으나, 서스펜스가 높은 경우에는 경기결과가 무승부일 때 서스펜스가 낮은 경우 보다 광고회상이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구의 결론에서는 연구결과 요약 및 시사점, 그리고 향후연구에 대한 제언을 하였다.

• 운동영양학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.10-16
• /
• 2021

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to (i) assess hydration levels in elite male football players during a national team training camp before and during qualifying matches, (ii) evaluate the effect of coaching strategies for hydration based on feedback from hydration monitoring, and (iii) assess possible relationships between hydration status and training load or wellness markers. [Methods] Thirty-one male players (age 27±4 yrs; height 185±6 cm; weight 82.9±6.7 kg; body fat 10.4±2.3%) representing a national team from the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) participated. The players were studied during three different national team training camps related to the UEFA Nations League tournament. Urine specific gravity (U_SG) was measured to assess hydration status. During all camps, the players were actively coached on improving strategies for hydration and given individual feedback on their test results. The training load was measured using GPS technology, and wellness questionnaires were completed. [Results] U_SG decreased progressively and significantly (p<0.005) during camp 1 and hydration status improved over the three camps, with fewer dehydrated and more well-hydrated players identified during the last part of camp 3. Significantly (p<0.05) higher U_SG values were observed 2 days prior to a match (MD-2) than on match day (MD); consequently, 52% of the players were dehydrated on MD-2 and only 6% on MD. No correlations were observed between hydration status and training load or wellness markers. [Conclusion] Dehydration is a challenge in elite male football, but continuous monitoring of hydration status and coaching on hydration strategies can lead to major improvements and reduce the degree of dehydration.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanical properties of shock absorption strategy and postural stability during the drop landing for each types. Methods : The motions were captured with Vicon Motion Capture System, with the fourteen infra-red cameras (100Hz) and synchronized with GRF(ground reaction force) data(1000Hz). Ten male soccer players performed a drop landing with single-leg and bi-legs on the 30cm height box. Dependent variables were the CoM trajectory and the Joint Moment. Statistical computations were performed using the paired t-test and ANOVA with Turkey HSD as post-hoc. Results : The dominant leg was confirmed to show a significant difference between the left leg and right leg as the inverted pendulum model during Drop Landing(Phase 1 & Phase 2). One-leg drop landing type had the higher CoM displacement, the peak of joint moment with the shock absorption than Bi-leg landing type. As a lower extremity joint kinetics analysis, the knee joint showed a function of shock absorption in the anterior-posterior, and the hip joint showed a function of the stability and shock absorption in the medial-lateral directions. Conclusion : These findings indicate that the instant equilibrium of posture balance(phase 1) was assessed by the passive phase as Class 1 leverage on the effect of the stability of shock absorption(phase 2) assessed by the active phase on the effect of Class 2 leverage. Application : This study shows that the cause of musculo-skeletal injuries estimated to be focused on the passive phase of landing and this findings could help the prevention of lower damage from loads involving landing related to the game of sports.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2004

Objectives: The purpose of this study was clinical review of pediatric patients with fracture that visited oriental medicine center. Methods: In retrospective study, the pediatric patients, who were visited to oriental medicine center due to fracture, were classified by sex, age, fracture site, date of accident, injury mechanism, time of treatment, kind of treatment. Results and Conclusion: Total 32 patients were visited due to fracture from April 2001 to March 2004. Male Patients were 27, female were 5. In distribution of age, 10 year-old and 11 year-old were 40.7% of totality. In distribution of month, May was 10(31.3%), June was 6(18.8%), and March was 4(12.5%). There are more patients with fracture in spring than other season. In distribution of fracture site, foot was 15(46.9%), hand was 7(21.9%), ankle was 4(12.5%), upper extremity was 3(9.4%), clavicle was 2(6.3%), tibia was 1(3.1%). In distribution of injury mechanism, slip down was 23(71.9%), impaction 5(15.6%), fall down 3(19.4%), crushing injury 1(13.1%). In distribution of injury motive, soccer was 8(25.0%), basketball 4(12.5%), skating 3(9.4%), cycling 2(6.3%), sliding 1(3.1%), Tae-kwon-do 1(3.1%), other sports 5(15.6%), collision 1(3.1%), walking 2(6.3%), hit 3(9.4%), etc. 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment account, one time was 23(71.9%), twice 3(9.4%), three times 2(6.3%), four times 2(6.3%), five times 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment time, 1 week was 26(81.3%), 2 weeks 4(12.5%), 3 weeks 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment kind, acupuncture treatment was 18(56.3%), negative cupping 7(21.9%), splint 13(40.6%), and other treatment(coban taping, medical patch, and so on) 5(15.6%), transfer 14(43.8%).

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the loss of open space of schools in Ulaanbaatar city and found out main causes of the conversion trend of open space to suggest alternatives. 76 designated sites were selected from 118 public schools within 6 districts of Ulaanbaatar city. These 76 schools were eligible for analysis of the open space change between 2005 and 2015 with Google Earth Pro. The results showed that $175,048m^2$ open space was developed and two dominant types of open space conversion were found; 1) constructions of school facilities such as soccer field, extended school buildings, parking lot, sidewalk, and square, and 2) constructions of apartment buildings and service facilities such as community center, pedestrian, sports facilities, and parking lot. Apartment complex development has commonly happened in all districts and caused bigger open space loss than other types of development. Chingeltei district is located in the center of Ulaanbaatar city, and schools in this district lost the biggest open space, $50,036m^2$/35.24% over 10 years. The rate of open space loss seemed to be related to the distance from the urban center and open space loss was an ongoing event in Ulaanbaatar city. This trend would not be improved without a strong regulation, so, in this study, making strict regulations that prevent conversions of open space were suggested to conserve open space in Ulaanbaatar city.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제10권10호
• /
• pp.456-463
• /
• 2010

프로축구 구단의 경영수지 개선이 요구되는 시점에서 본 연구는 DEA 기법과 Malmquist Index를 이용하여 2006년부터 2009년까지의 한국 프로야구 구단들의 상대적 효율성과 생산성 변화를 측정하였으며, 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 규모의 수익불변을 가정한 CCR 모델에 의한 효율성 결과는 2006년에 대전시티즌과 인천유나이티드 2개 구단, 2007년에 대전시티즌, 인천유나이티드, FC서울 3개 구단, 2008년에 대전시티즌과 인천유나이티드 2개 구단, 2009년도에 경남FC, 인유나이티드, FC서울 3개 구단이 효율적인 구단으로 나타났다. 둘째, 2006-2007 기간의 생산성 변화는 인천유나이티드의 경우 생산성감소, FC서울의 경우 생산성 불변이고, 나머지 3개 구단은 생산성이 증가가 이루어졌음을 알 수 있다. 2007-2008 기간의 생산성 변화를 살펴보면 인천유나이티드의 경우 생산성증가, FC서울의 경우 생산성 불변이고, 나머지 3개 구단은 생산성이 감소한 것으로 나타났음을 알 수 있다. 2008-2009 기간의 생산성 변화를 살펴보면 경남FC는 생산성 증가, FC서울은 생산성 불변이고, 나머지 3개 구단은 생산성이 감소한 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘텐츠학회 2009년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.410-414
• /
• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 울산대학교에서 진행되고 있는 전공체육 강의에서 e-러닝 활용의 제약을 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 e-러닝이 활용된 강의는 이론 과목으로써 여가학(3학점)과 실기 과목으로써 수영(1학점), 축구(1학점), 테니스(1학점) 등이었고, 사용된 홈페이지의 주소는 http://sunghun.ulsan.ac.kr 이었다. 연구방법은 심층면접과 관찰, 그리고 교수자의 서술이었다. 연구결과 e-러닝 활용의 제약은 다음과 같다. 먼저, e-러닝에서 학습자의 제약은 낮은 컴퓨터 활용능력, 정보 공유의 문제, 상호작용의 부족 등으로 나타났다. 둘째, 교수자의 제약은 용어사용의 혼란, 학습자들의 e-러닝에 대한 인식의 부족, e-러닝 강의의 진행에 따른 교수자의 시간 부족과 기술적 제약, 동료 교수자와의 형평성의 문제, 교수자들의 e-러닝에 대한 부담감 등이었다. 셋째, 구조적 제약은 대학의 행정적 기술적 제약 등이었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 몇 가지 제언을 하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 여가제약 이론은 전공체육 강의에서 e-러닝 활용상의 제약을 이론적으로 접근하는데 도움을 주었지만, e-러닝 활용의 제약이 어디에서 가장 많이 발생하고, 어떻게 학습자의 참여수준이 결정되는지 충분하다고는 할 수 없다. 둘째, 전공체육 강의에서 e-러닝이 활용되어 강의의 효과를 극대화하기 위해서는 강의의 계획단계에서 철저하게 준비되어야 한다. 셋째, 전공체육 강의에서 e-러닝 활용은 교수자와 학습자 모두에게 기존의 강의보다 2-3배 이상의 노력이 요구된다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.100-100
• /
• 2018

Zoysia japonica Steud.(Zj) is a typical warm-season Korean lawn grass, which is used in many places such as river banks, roadside and soccer fields in Korea. Recently, it has also been used in school yards and the Saemangeum reclaimed land to reduce water pollution. Although the cultivated area of turfgrass is steadily increasing worldwide, it grows fast requiring frequent mowing and is difficult to grow in shady areas and the cold region. Therefore this study aims searching for useful gene(s) to develop abiotic stress tolerant and dwarf zoysiagrass. We isolated Ycf4 gene based on the sequence from Oryza sativa Japonica through RT-PCR and RACE PCR. Ultimately, open reading frame (ORF) of ZjYcf4 was 558bp long, encoding a protein of 186 amino acid residues. NCBI blast results showed that the ZjYcf4 protein is evolutionarily closely related to Ycf4 protein from Zoysia macrantha and Setaria italica (100% and 98%, respectively). To determine whether ZjYcf4 was involved in environmental stress in wild-type zoysiagrass, expression patterns of the gene were analyzed by real-time PCR under salt, cold and dark conditions. They were analyzed after each stress treatment for 3 hours. In salt and cold stresses, the expression was higher compared to control (3-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively), although there was a 1.6-fold decrease in expression under dark stress treatment. As reported previously, we suggest that ZjYcf4 gene affects abiotic stress such as salt, cold and dark.