• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 2005

Toluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon found in glues, cements, and solvents. It is known to be toxic to the nervous system, hematopoietic system, and causes acid-base and electrolyte disorders. Acute respiratory failure with hypokalemia and rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure should be considered as potential events in protracted glue sniffing. We reported the case of 26-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department with the development of respiratory failure and altered mentality due to hypokalemia after chronic glue sniffing. She was weaned from the ventilator 3 days later after potassium and sodium bicarbonate replacement and was discharged without respiratory symptoms and other complications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.60-60
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• 2006

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether the methane (CH₄) to carbon dioxide (CO₂) ratio (CH₄/CO₂) and methane-related traits obtained by the sniffer method can be used as indicators for genetic selection of Holstein cows with lower CH₄ emissions. Methods: The sniffer method was used to simultaneously measure the concentrations of CH₄ and CO₂ during milking in each milking box of the automatic milking system to obtain CH₄/CO₂. Methane-related traits, which included CH₄ emissions, CH₄ per energy-corrected milk, methane conversion factor (MCF), and residual CH₄, were calculated. First, we investigated the impact of the model with and without body weight (BW) on the lactation stage and parity for predicting methane-related traits using a first on-farm dataset (Farm 1; 400 records for 74 Holstein cows). Second, we estimated the genetic parameters for CH₄/CO₂ and methane-related traits using a second on-farm dataset (Farm 2; 520 records for 182 Holstein cows). Third, we compared the repeatability and environmental effects on these traits in both farm datasets. Results: The data from Farm 1 revealed that MCF can be reliably evaluated during the lactation stage and parity, even when BW is excluded from the model. Farm 2 data revealed low heritability and moderate repeatability for CH₄/CO₂ (0.12 and 0.46, respectively) and MCF (0.13 and 0.38, respectively). In addition, the estimated genetic correlation of milk yield with CH₄/CO₂ was low (0.07) and that with MCF was moderate (-0.53). The on-farm data indicated that CH₄/CO₂ and MCF could be evaluated consistently during the lactation stage and parity with moderate repeatability on both farms. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the on-farm applicability of the sniffer method for selecting cows with low CH₄ emissions.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.327-332
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• 2013

XSS is an attacker on the other party of the browser that is allowed to run the script. It is seized session of the users, or web site modulation, malicious content insertion, and phishing attack which is available. XSS attacks are stored XSS and reflected XSS. In that, two branch attacks. The form of XSS attacks are cookie sniffing, script encryption, bypass, the malignant cord diffusion, Key Logger, Mouse Sniffer, and addition of lie information addition. XSS attacks are target of attack by script language. Therefore, the countermeasure of XSS is presented and proposed to improve web security.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.1572-1582
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• 2011

The rapid growth of UnderWater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UW-ASNs) has led researchers to enhance underwater MAC protocols against limitations existing in underwater environment. We propose the customized robust real-time packet inspection mechanism with addressing the problem of the search for the data packet loss and network performance quality analysis in UW-ASNs, and describe our experiences using this approach. The goal of this work is to provide a framework to assess the network real-time performance quality. We propose a customized and adaptive mechanism to detect, monitor and analyze the data packets according to the MAC protocol standards in UW-ASNs. The packet analyzing method and software we propose is easy to implement, maintain, update and enhance. We take input stream as real data packets from sniffer node in capture mode and perform fully analysis. We were interested in developing software and hardware designed tool with the same capabilities which almost all terrestrial network packet sniffers have. Experimental results confirm that the best way to achieve maximum performance requires the most adaptive algorithm. In this paper, we present and offer the proposed packet analyzer, which can be effectively used for implementing underwater MAC protocols.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2015

Smart Grid is a next-generation intelligent grid to optimize energy efficiency by integrating information and communication technologies to the existing power grid as a two-way exchange of information. HPGP communication standard for smart grid implementation has been developed for the emerging smart energy, home automation, electric vehicle communications applications. HPGP communication standard has the advantage of reducing cost and power consumption. Also, it can be interoperated with the previous HPAV communication standard. For the introduction of a new communication standard, the analysis of the reliability and interoperability verification is required. In this paper, we present sniffer test method as reliability test method about power line communication between PEV(Plug-in Electric Vehicle) and EVSE(Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment). Power line communication between PEV and EVSE is one of the most important Smart Gird applications. Also, we analyzed sniffer test results about power line communication based on HPGP between PEV and EVSE by using QCA7000 device, AVitar and Tool kit.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2013

Connection hijacking attack using the vulnerability of the TCP protocol to redirect TCP stream goes through your machine actively (Active Attack). The SKEY such as one-time password protection mechanisms that are provided by a ticket-based authentication system such as Kerberos or redirection, the attacker can bypass.Someone TCP connection if you have access on TCP packet sniffer or packet generator is very vulnerable. Sniffer to defend against attacks such as one-time passwords and token-based authentication and user identification scheme has been used. Active protection, but these methods does not sign or encrypt the data stream from sniffing passwords over insecure networks, they are still vulnerable from attacks. For many people, an active attack is very difficult and so I think the threat is low, but here to help break the illusion successful intrusion on the UNIX host, a very aggressive attack is presented. The tools available on the Internet that attempt to exploit this vulnerability, known as the recent theoretical measures is required. In this paper, we propose analysis techniques on a wireless network intruder detection.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.166-169
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• 2006

Almost all network systems provide an authentication mechanism based on user ID and password. In such system, it is easy to obtain the user password using a sniffer program with illegal eavesdropping. The one-time password and challenge-response method are useful authentication schemes that protect the user passwords against eavesdropping. In client/server environments, the one-time password scheme using time is especially useful because it solves the synchronization problem. In this paper, we present a new identification scheme: OPI(One Pass Identification). The security of OPI is based on the square root problem, and OPI is secure: against the well known attacks including pre-play attack, off-line dictionary attack and server comprise. A number of pass of OPI is one, and OPI processes the password and does not need the key. We think that OPI is excellent for the consuming time to verify the prover.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.305-307
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• 2012

World Wide Web (WWW)의 지속적인 성장으로 인해 Web Service의 Response Time을 수집하는 방식에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 현재 Client Response Time을 수집하는 방식은 sniffer[1] 를 이용한 Agent 방식을 사용하고 있다. 하지만, 기존의 방식은 클라이언트 PC에 설치되어 수집하게 되므로 Agent의 설치가 쉽지 않고, 관리 또한 어려운 문제점을 갖고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위하여, 본 논문에서는 Web Application Server (WAS)[2] 에서의 Dynamic HTML 변경을 통해 Client에 추가적인 Application을 설치하지 않고도 Client의 Response Time을 Collection하는 방식에 대하여 제안하였다. 이를 통해, 사용자 (End-User)에게 추가적인 응용 프로그램을 설치하지 않고도 Dynamic HTML 을 이용하여 Client Response Time을 수집함과 동시에 Server에 Feedback할 수 있다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.346-350
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• 2007

Almost all network systems provide an authentication mechanism based on user ID and password. In such system, it is easy to obtain the user password using a sniffer program with illegal eavesdropping. The one-time password and challenge-response method are useful authentication schemes that protect the user passwords against eavesdropping. In client/server environments, the one-time password scheme using time is especially useful because it solves the synchronization problem. It is the stability that is based on Square Root Problem, and we would like to suggest PBSI(Password Based Secure Identification), enhancing the stability, for all of the well-known attacks by now including Off-line dictionary attack, password file compromise, Server and so on. The PBSI is also excellent in the aspect of the performance.