• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제39권6호
• /
• pp.739-753
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 과학 논변 활동을 생산적으로 프레이밍하는 초임 과학교사의 반응적 교수 실행의 특징과 한계에 대해 프레이밍 관점에서 분석했다. 논변 수업을 해본 적이 없는 초임 교사와 2개 학급 총 52명의 중학생이 연구에 참여하였고, 자극과 반응 단원에서 논변 활동을 도입하였다. 학생들은 귀의 구조와 기능을 학습한 뒤, 고막이 찢어지면 들을 수 없을까에 대한 개인의 논변을 구성하고 논의를 통해 소집단 논변을 구성하는 활동에 참여하였다. 교사의 반응적 교수 실행이 활발한 집단 중에서 소집단 구성원의 특징이 유사하였으나 논변 활동의 양상이 달랐던 두 소집단을 초점 집단으로 선정하였다. 학생들의 소집단 논의 과정과 교사 면담, 학생 면담, 학생 추가 면담은 녹화·녹음 되었다. 이를 전사하여 인식론적 프레이밍과 위치 짓기 프레이밍의 관점에서 반응적 교수 실행의 특징과 한계에 대하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 교사는 논변 활동에서 촉진자로서 학생들의 아이디어를 공유시킨 후, 서로 다른 의견을 합의해야 한다고 프레이밍하고 있었다. 이는 반응적 교수 실행에서 일치하게 나타났다. 교사는 소집단 과학 논변 활동에서 촉진자로서 학생 사고를 이끌어내고 탐색함으로써 학생 의견을 더욱 명료하게 제시하도록 논의를 아이디어 공유 논의로 프레이밍한 후, 서로 다른 의견의 불일치를 부각시키며 논의를 논쟁적 논의로 전환시키고자 노력하였다. 하지만 교사의 생산적인 프레이밍이 학생들의 생산적인 실행을 보장하지는 않았다. 초임교사는 학습자에 대한 이해가 부족하여 학생들의 추론을 정교화시킬 때 개념을 활성화시켜주는 데에 한계를 보였으며, 학생들의 인식론적 프레이밍에 주목하지 못했다는 한계를 보였다. 본 연구는 과학 수업에서 학생에게 반응적인 교수를 실행하는 문화를 정착시키는 데에 기여할 것이다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제59권2호
• /
• pp.156-163
• /
• 2015

In Malaysia, the students' poor performance in mathematics and sciences needs immediate attention and remedies. In order to tackle this problem, an active learning environment that encourages students' question-asking capability must be molded. Transformation from traditional teacher-based approach to active-learning classroom is the key to develop question-asking capability. The classroom activity that the authors used in this study is based on the uncritical inference test to promote students' deeper thinking which encouraged students to verify facts that was previously learnt in classroom through group discussion activity. Three sets of uncritical inference test were developed and applied to Malaysian college course of basic organic chemistry. Students' answers to the impact of using uncritical inference test with a group discussion on learning and communication skills were positive.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.291-299
• /
• 2017

이 연구에서는 예비 화학교사의 수행평가 개발 과정에서 나타나는 교과교육학 지식(PCK) 요소의 특징을 분석하였다. 예비교사 8명이 연구에 참여하였고, 이들은 수행평가 워크숍 후 구상 단계, 구체화 단계와 조별 논의 단계를 거쳐 수행평가를 개발하였다. 활동 과정에 대한 녹음 및 녹화와 반구조화된 면담을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 개별적인 개발 단계에서 나타난 PCK 요소는 과학 평가에 관한 지식에 편중되어 있었다. 교육과정, 교수 전략, 학생에 관한 지식의 비중은 낮았으며 학생에게 제공되는 피드백도 고려되지 않았다. 구상 단계보다 구체화 단계에서 평가의 공정성과 객관성을 중시하는 전통적 평가 지향이 강하게 나타났다. PCK 요소 사이의 연계는 구상 단계에서 과학 교수 전략에 관한 지식을 중심으로 이루어졌다. 구체화 및 조별 논의 단계에서 PCK 요소 사이의 연계는 거의 나타나지 않았다. 조별 논의에서 나타난 PCK 요소의 특징은 구체화 단계와 유사하였다. 조별 논의를 통하여 예비교사들이 고려하지 못했던 일부 PCK 요소가 보완되었으나 논의가 주로 전통적 관점에서 이루어졌다.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2012

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a problem-based learning model for orthopedic manual physical therapy. A problem-based learning (PBL) model for orthopedic manual physical therapy developed from PBL module of Jeju C university (Halla-Newcastle PBL Center). A summary of this study is as follows: 1) PBL model is comprised of a class of 30 students, operated small group as of 4~5 students. 2) PBL is suggested a scenario of clinical case, induced variety reaction through group discussion and presentation. 3) PBL is occurred wide variety learning through group work activity and self-directed learning. 4) The tutor as a facilitator is played a guide for group discussion, work activity and team learning. 5) The evaluation for PBL is performed such as student self-evaluation, group activity evaluation, individual presentation, and practice. This model is considered wide variety learning through team learning and self-directed learning by clinical reasoning and problem solving for musculoskeletal clinical case. We suggest problem based learning for the education of orthopedic manual physical therapy in which the learners are very interested in and has the effective outcome.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.515-523
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purposes of the study were to determine the effects of AIDS education which includes discussion on knowledge, prejudice, social interaction, and intention for AIDS prevention in college students. Method: A convenience sampling method was used to collect data, and 136 university students participated in the study. One group pretest-post test design was used and questionnaire for measuring knowledge about AIDS and attitude to AIDS were administered before and after 100 minutes of AIDS education, The education program consisted of a 50-minute lecture with video aids and 50 minutes of small group discussion. Means, SD, and paired t-test with the SPSS program were used to analyze the data. Results: There were significant increases in knowledge(p= .000) and social interaction(p= .002) after the education, but no significant changes in prejudice(p= .832) nor in intention for AIDS prevention(p= .074). Conclusion: AIDS education including discussion was found to be an effective method for improving knowledge and social interaction of college students. The results suggest that education which includes discussion sessions should be used with college students to improve social interaction with people who are HIV positive and enhance knowledge about AIDS.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.16-30
• /
• 2008

This study was aimed at finding what effects pro-con discussion classes have on students' environmental decisions and set a series of research questions as follows. First, in a small group discussion, how a student's environmental decision is affected by opinions of other students in the same group. Second, what would be the relations between a students' personal factors including gender, environmental knowledge, attitude, and behavior and their decisions. A decisional experiment was applied to 185 students consisting of 2 girl classes and 4 boy classes of K highschool located in Kongju City, Chungnam. These students were taking 'Ecology and Environment' as one of the few general selective subjects once a week. Decision issue introduced to the experiment was regarding of constructing a wind power station on Baekdu Mountains which is protected by the law. This issue can be characterized as not conflict between conservation and development but conflict between two different types of environment friendly approaches that make students experience more difficult while making a decision. The results of this study an be summarized as follows. First, after taking the class introducing environmental issues and having a debate other students on the issue both within a small group or all classmates together, just less then 30% of the students changed their selections. Second, students were found to be affected by other students' opinion while making his or her own decision. Third, no relationship was found to be statistically considerable between students decisions and their personal factors except of their courses, liberal or science.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.771-782
• /
• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and implement a case-based small group learning program on the care of children with infectious disease, and to examine its effects on knowledge, attitude and preventive practice behaviors of daycare center teachers compared to a control group. Methods: Based on the need assessment, the case-based learning program for the management of infectious children was developed. For this quasi-experimental study, 69 teachers were recruited from 14 child daycare centers in a city located in J province. Thirty four teachers were assigned to experimental group and participated in the case-based small group learning once a week for 5 weeks. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 program to perform ${\chi}^2$-test and t-tests. Analysis of covariance was used to treat the covariate of the number of assigned children between experimental and control groups. Results: The experimental group showed significantly higher posttest scores in knowledge, attitude and preventive practice behaviors than those of control group (p<.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that case-based small group learning is an effective educational strategy for daycare center teachers to learn infection management through the emphasis of self-reflection and discussion.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.28-36
• /
• 2007

이 연구에서는 소집단 토론이 화학 개념 학습에서 제공되는 외적 표상들 간의 연계와 통합을 촉진하는 방안으로서의 그리기와 쓰기에 미치는 영향을 학생들의 시각적 학습 양식에 따라 조사하였다. 남녀공학 중학교 1학년 학생 449명을 개별 그리기 집단, 2인 1조의 소집단 그리기 집단, 개별 쓰기 집단, 2인 1조의 소집단 쓰기 집단에 배치한 후, '보일의 법칙', '샤를의 법칙'에 대하여 2차시 동안 수업을 실시하였다. 개념 이해도 검사 결과, 시각적 학습 양식과 관계없이 개별 그리기 집단보다 소집단 그리기 집단의 점수가 통계적으로 유의미한 차이로 높았다. 쓰기 집단에서는 시각적 학습 선호 학생들의 경우 소집단 쓰기 집단의 점수가 개별 쓰기 집단의 점수보다 통계적으로 유의미한 차이로 높았으나, 시각적 학습 비선호 학생들의 집단 간 점수 차이는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 소집단 그리기 집단의 점수가 소집단 쓰기 집단의 점수보다 통계적으로 높은 경향성을 보였다. 많은 학생들이 소집단 그리기와 소집단 쓰기에 대해 인지적, 동기적 측면에서 긍정적으로 인식하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
• /
• 제56권3호
• /
• pp.301-318
• /
• 2017

This paper explores students' question generation process and their study in small group discussion. The research is based on Anthropological Theory of the Didactic developed by Chevallard. He argues that the savior (knowledge) we are dealing with at school is based on a paradigm that we prevail over whether we 'learn' or 'study' socially. In other words, we haven't provided students with autonomous research and learning opportunities under 'the dominant paradigm of visiting works'. As an alternative, he suggests that we should move on to a new didactic paradigm for 'questioning the world a question', and proposes the Study and Research Courses (SRC) as its pedagogical structure. This study explores the SRC structure of small group activities in solving ill-structured problems. In order to explore the SRC structure generated in the small group discussion, one middle school teacher and 7 middle school students participated in this study. The students were divided into two groups with 4 students and 3 students. The teacher conducted the lesson with ill-structured problems provided by researchers. We collected students' presentation materials and classroom video records, and then analyzed based on SRC structure. As a result, we have identified that students were able to focus on the valuable information they needed to explore. We found that the nature of the questions generated by students focused on details more than the whole of the problem. In the SRC course, we also found pattern of a small group discussion. In other words, they generated questions relatively personally, but sought answer cooperatively. This study identified the possibility of SRC as a tool to provide a holistic learning mode of small group discussions in small class, which bring about future mathematics classrooms. This study is meaningful to investigate how students develop their own mathematical inquiry process through self-directed learning, learner-specific curriculum are emphasized and the paradigm shift is required.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.292-300
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study examined the effects of Testicular Self-Examination (TSE) small-group education on knowledge, self-efficacy, and performance intention in male college students. Method: A non-equivalent pre-post test of quasi-experimental design was used. Out of 74 male college students selected by convenient sampling, 37 students were assigned to the experimental group and were given TSE small-group education. A 60-minute program consisted of lecture, demonstration, practice, discussion, and Q&A. Result: With an initial homogeneity between the two group, scores of knowledge about testicular cancer (p<.001), self-efficacy for TSE (p<.001), and performance intention of TSE (p<.01) of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group after the intervention. Conclusion: Small group education for TSE was effective in improving knowledge about testicular cancer, self-efficacy for TSE, and intention to perform TSE. Thus, this education program is considered to be useful for testicular cancer prevention and reproductive health promotion in male college students.