• 토지주택연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.47-62
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• 2023

본 연구는 오피스의 소비재 및 투자재 특성을 고려하여 거시경제변수와 미시특성변수를 포함한 모형을 구성하고, 유효 임대료 자료를 기반으로 국내 주요 업무지구인 도심권과 강남권 중소형 오피스 빌딩 임대료 결정요인을 비교 분석하여 투자적 시사점을 제시하고자 하였다. 분석방법은 시계열자료와 횡단면자료를 함께 포함하여 분석이 가능하며, 추정량 편의 가능성이 낮은 것으로 알려진 동적패널모형을 사용하였다. 두 모형의 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 도심권·강남권 중소형 오피스 빌딩 임대료 영향 요인 분석결과 변수와 계수값 부호 측면에서 도심권 분석 결과와 동일하게 나타났다. 따라서 도심권과 강남권 중소형 오피스 빌딩의 임대료는 건물 및 입지특성과 함께 거시경제환경의 변화에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 나타나 공간 소비재와 투자재의 특성을 모두 가지는 시장으로 해석된다. 위의 분석결과를 바탕으로 투자적 측면의 시사점은 다음과 같이 제시된다. 첫째, 도심권에 위치한 입지는 양호하지만 노후화된 중소형 오피스 빌딩의 재건축은 현실적으로 한계가 있다. 따라서 이러한 중소형 오피스 빌딩의 가치는 지속적으로 낮아질 가능성이 높아질 수 있어 투자시 이에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 둘째, 도심권의 경우 주차여건이 가격에 큰 영향을 줄 수 있으므로 도심권 중소형 오피스 빌딩 투자시 대상 빌딩의 주차환경과 개선 가능성에 대한 고려가 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 마지막으로 강남권 중소형 오피스 시장은 거시경제환경의 변화에 보다 민감한 시장으로 향후 이자율과 경제성장 등에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 통화정책 등의 변화를 주요한 투자기준으로 고려해야 할 필요성이 높다고 할 수 있다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the residents' use and occupancy-behavior in the activity areas of the senior nursing facilities, and to provide basic information to establish the appropriate physical elements for planning the activity areas. For the study, the observations in five facilities were conducted for one day, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m by four researchers. The results of the study are summarized as follows: First, most of the using behaviors in the activity areas were the doing nothing or sleeping. The meals and program services were provided in only one activity area of the floor and it showed that the unit care system was perfunctorily conducted at those facilities. In the representative activity area, its openness was the main physical element influencing the spatial using frequency, while the accessibility and the openness in the sub-activity area were most important. The seating arrangements having comers were helpful for residents' interactions. Second, while facility programs and meals were provided in the specific activity area, there was no residents' occupancy in other activity areas at the same time. There were interactions including residents' conversations and watching/observations in non-designated activity areas such as the nursing stations and near corridors. But the residents' interactions and self-regulations were blocked by absence of territoriality, monotonous spatial compositions and furniture arrangements, insecurity of residents' privacy, wide or narrow areas, and isolated spatial type. Based on the results at the above, basic guidelines for planning the activity areas of senior nursing facilities can be proposed as follows: First, the isolated type and the sight interception should be avoided in representative activity areas. It should be partitioned with couple of areas through the appropriate furniture arrangements, and be prepared semi-private spaces in non-designated areas such as nursing station for the interactions among the residents and the staff. Second, in activity areas for small group, the isolated type is not also good for the residents' accessibility. The residents' privacy should be confirmed through the various spatial compositions, and enough areas need to be sure for the diverse furniture arrangements.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.457-466
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• 2017

The extensive construction works of container terminals progressed since 2006 was converted to small scaled construction works or reclaiming works since 2012 in Busan New Port area. To investigate changes in activity of otters with the change of construction work scales, the linear densities of spraints at 15 localities of 5 areas (I-V) near the Busan New Port construction areas were surveyed during the period from 2012 to 2016. As the results, the average linear density of spraints has a tendency to increase since 2014. That is, the linear densities of spraints have increased at the area II and IV where the reclaiming works have been progressed, although have decreased or unchanged in the areas I, III and V where small scaled construction works have been progressed. Based on the fact that there were habitats at the Honamdo in the area II and the Yeondo in the area IV, otters seemed to restore their activities around the habitats as the center regardless of the reclaiming works.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

This article assumes that the first newtown has declined in Korea. Urban regeneration projects should be implemented for regeneration for CBD in Newtown as well as small local cities. The purpose of this article is to analyze the character of the subway area and to suggest the key issues for regeneartion in the subway area. Especially focussing on the local important commercial function in 5 subway areas. As a result of analyzing 5 subway areas according to basic statistical data, field interviews, and legal decline diagnostic index, all five commercial districts showed decline. In particular, the decline of Baekseok Station area appears to be serious, and there is a key factor that attracts the decline of the commercial area such as the long - term building or the closure rate of each commercial area. In addition, the vacancy rate is increasing due to large distribution facilities in new cities, the entry of new floating facilities on the outskirts, and unsold new stores, and the recession is accelerating. In this way, the signs of decline in the core of the new city are enriched, but the current Urban Regeneration Act is a legal system with a policy goal of regeneration of small and medium cities in the provinces as a system to promote the function of core bases rather than the overall redevelopment of new cities. Therefore, preemptive response is needed for the regeneration in those areas.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Open surface water body extraction is gaining popularity in recent years due to its versatile applications. Multiple techniques are used for water detection based on applications. Different applications of Radar as LADAR, Ground-penetrating, synthetic aperture, and sounding radars are used to detect water. Shortwave infrared, thermal, optical, and multi-spectral sensors are widely used to detect water bodies. A stereo camera is another way to detect water and different methods are applied to the images of stereo cameras such as deep learning, machine learning, polarization, color variations, and descriptors are used to segment water and no water areas. The Satellite is also used at a high level to get water imagery and the captured imagery is processed using various methods such as features extraction, thresholding, entropy-based, and machine learning to find water on the surface. In this paper, we have summarized all the available methods to detect water areas. The main focus of this survey is on water detection especially in small patches or in small areas. The second aim of this survey is to detect water hazards for unmanned vehicles and off-sure navigation.

• 환경생물
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2004

본 연구는 토지피복현황과 수림의 층위구조 등이 다양한 도시녹지를 대상으로 미기상 조절에 미치는 영향을 정성 및 정량적으로 파악하기 위해 녹지내의 기온 및 습도를 관측하였다. 그 데이터를 바탕으로 녹지내의 토지피복 현황과 그 비율, 녹적량과 기온 및 습도와의 관련성을 회귀분석 등에 의해 해석하였다. 그 결과 고온역은 포장면과 나지 주변에서, 저온역은 수림지 및 수면 주변에서 형성되었다. 또한, 수림(교목+소교목)으로 둘러싸인 수면, 소하천 주변에도 저온을 나타냈다. 습도는 기온분포에 거의 대응하는 형태로 고온역이 저습역이고, 저온역이 고습역으로 나타났다. 녹지가 미기상조절효과를 갖는 메커니즘은 토지피복비율의 종류,그 비율의 차이에 따라 미기상조절효과의 정도가 서로 달랐다. 더욱이 각 녹적량의 증가는 수고에 관계없이 모두 기온은 떨어뜨리고 습도는 상승시키는 효과를 보였다. 그 효과의 효율은 교목, 소교목, 관목의 순이다. 지금까지의 실증결과로부터 고온완화에는 수림지, 수면,초지의 순으로, 그 비율을 증가해서 배치하면 효과가 커지고, 같은 방법으로 습도의 상승에는 수면, 수림지, 초지의 순으로 그 비율을 증가해서 배치하면 효과가 높아진다. 그 효율성을 고려하면 수면, 소하천을 핵으로 그 주변은 교목 중심의 수림이 좋고, 그 층위구조는 단층림보다는 2∼3층의 혼효림이 미기상조절에 미치는 효과가 크다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.195-209
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information about design guidelines of activity areas in elderly nursing facilities. For the study, the activity areas of 44 facilities in Korea were investigated to categorize their spatial compositions and forms, and then a case study about 19 facilities was conducted to analyse their hierarchical characteristics. The results of the study were as follows: First, the major type of spatial composition among 44 research facilities was concentration, but compartment type was the main among unit-care facilities. By the year, all the types of spatial composition were evenly distributed during recent five years, while concentration type was about 40% before 2003. Second, the major form of activity areas was hall or corridor extension for large group. But there was more alcove or separation form among small group spaces. Third, in the case analysis about hierarchical characteristics, hall and corridor extension form met the requirements of accessibility and openness of public and semi-public areas. On the other hand, separation form had a problem in satisfying both requirements. The semi-private areas, which were around the elderly bedrooms and the elderly were able to watch activities in, were not sufficient in many facilities. Fourth, the division of public and semi-public area was mainly by furniture, and the individuality of semi-private area was defined by dead-end place and corner seats of the window or the corridor. The diversity of semi-private area was likely to be appeared in connection or distribution type. On the basis of the results, the basic design guidelines for activity areas in elderly nursing facilities could be suggested as follows: On the whole, connection or distribution type in spatial composition is more efficient for hierarchical flow than concentration or compartment type is, especially in Korean facilities having many elderly residents per floor. In detail, the design of public and semi-public area should be focused on their openness and accessibility. The recommended forms of activity areas were hall or corridor extension in public area, and living room, corridor extension, or large corridor in semi-public area to effectively function as large or small group spaces. In semi-private areas, the spatial diversity and individuality should be considered.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.468-471
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• 2015

The study aims to identify the degree and types of spatial decline in Eup/Myun units within Chungcheong region in South Korea to contribute to the efforts being made to diagnose the rural decline and the potentials. To this end, we analyzed 27 Sis and Guns to identify the degree of decline and potentials of rural areas in Chungcheong region. We also carried out the diagnosis and K-Means Clustering on 274 Eups and Myuns, the smallest administrative units, to figure out the types and characteristics of the rural recessions. According to the results of the clustering analysis carried out on the 166 Eups and Myuns, there were five outstanding clusters. They were; areas with housing deterioration (29), areas with poor economic foundation (16), areas with poor accessibility to central areas (42), areas with poor residential environment (51) and areas with aged population (28). The findings and results of the present study are likely to serve as a basis for the design and enforcement of forthcoming rural area activation policies. Also, it would be highly recommended that a more comprehensive diagnosis is taken from a community-level perspective and policy suggestions and strategies tailored for rural communities are further discussed.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.129-138
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• 1994

It is well recognized that accurate analysis of lateral earth pressure is very signficant factor which determines the design amount of braced cut walls and braced systems. Many researchers, Peck, Terzaghi-Peck and so on, make a study about lateral earth pressure to act on the flexible walls. But these studies trouble accurate to multy layered systems like inland areas in Korea. This study is compared with the field messurement data to estimate the earth pressure distributions in multy layered areas and the empirical earth pressure distributions. The conclusions are as follows : At final excavation depth, the lateral earth pressure which messured by field instrument is smaller than the empirical earth pressure. (About 1.85~5.32 times). In the case of considering the soft rock layer to the final excavation depth, the messured earth pressure is safe to be compared with empirical earth pressure. The messured earth pressure distributions are like that the upper soil layer is small the middle soil layer is large, the rock mass layer is very small.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.549-557
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• 2011

In this paper, we apply cluster analysis to "Okayama parking data" that is one of the spatial point patterns data that includes locations and the fare structure of car parking space in Okayama central area. This study classifies the characteristics of small areas through Okayama parking data as well as visualizes the results of the cluster analysis. We develop web applications that connect the results of a cluster analysis and overlay objects including points of balloons and rectangles of small areas over a map of Okayama central area.