• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2011

I take the position of the thirders on the sleeping beauty problem like Elga and criticize Lewisian halfers. In particular, I attack Franceschi's recent arguments for the halfers. In addition, I claim that Bostrom's and Kim's hybrid view is not satisfactory, because it is to pre-empt or to take the burden of proof that the problem is the genuine paradox. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to show that the thirders' argument is more intuitive than others and what the fallacies of the halfer's arguments are.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.59-84
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• 2011

Professor Song criticizes my view on the Sleeping Beauty problem in his recent paper which endorses the thirder solution. I shall argue that his criticism is based upon a strong interpretation on my view and that this interpretation is neither unique nor proper. Critically examining recent discussions on observer-relativity of probability I shall claim that my perspectivistic solution to the Sleeping Beauty problem is still plausible.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.209-216
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• 2009

The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine twenty four hour postsedation events after discharge in children sedated for dental treatment. The sedation sheets of 355 children were selected. Selection criteria excluded no midazolam or nasal route of midazolam, no ASA class I, absent or incomplete questionnaire. Children received orally chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine, nitrous oxide was maintained during the sedation. Midazolam was injected to buccal submucosa with titration. Parents were interviewed via telephone within twenty four hours after sedation. Questionnaire included sleeping response, sleeping time, sleeping behavior, vomiting response at home. Two hundred twenty four (67.8%) children slept and twenty one(6.3%) children had abnormal sleeping behavior. One hundred four(31.0%) children had abnormal behavior after sleep and ten(3.0%) children had vomiting response. In the children took the higher dose of midazolam, there were the great tendency to sleep after discharge (p<0.05), the more negative response to sleeping behavior(p = 0.055), the longer sleeping time(p=0.054). In this study many children slept after sedation and a few children showed negative response. However there were not any considerable emergency events. Further study is required to determine the postsedation safety for the use of submucosal midazolam combination with chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.195-211
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• 2004

Stress is a primary health promotion issue in worksite research because psychological distress is closely related not only to workers' health status but also to their job performance. This study identified the significant health behaviors affecting workers' job-related stress in Korean manufacturing industry with the national survey data conducted by the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency in 2003. A total of 7,818 factory workers in 1,562 manufacturing companies participated in the Korean nation-wide occupational health survey and 3,390 workers answered that they had any stressors in their workplace among the 7,818 workers finally participated in the analysis. Participants were selected by the stratified proportional sampling process by manufacturing industry classification, company size, and company locations (8 metropolitan and 8 non-metropolitan regions) in Korea. Trained interviewers visited the target companies and interviewed the factory workers randomly selected in each company. Smoking, drinking, weight control, exercise, sleeping, break time at work, and perceived fatigue were included in the health behavior construct. Stress symptoms was consisted of physical and psychological stress with 8 items. All survey responses were anonymously coded into the SPSS statistical program and testified using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Male workers were 73.5% and the 30s were 40.0% among the age groups. The married and the high school graduate were majority with 52.1% and 61.8% each. Current smokers were 44.7% and More than 50% of the participants drank alcohol sometimes. No exercise group was 59.3% and the participants who dissatisfied with their daily sleeping hours were 43.5%. In t-test and analysis of variance, the significant general characteristics associated with physical and psychological job stress were young age (p<0.001), single marital status (p<0.001), and short working period at the present company (p<0.001). The health behaviors related to physical job stress were current smoking, weight change during the past one year (p<0.001), weight control effort (p<0.001), exercise (p<0.001), daily sleeping dissatisfaction (p<0.001), break time, and perceived fatigue (p<0.001). All 10 health behavior factors were significantly associated with psychological job stress (p<0.05). Weight change, weight control effort, exercise, daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little break at work, and high perceived fatigue were significant factors affecting job stress. Daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little break at work, little exercise, weight change for the past one year and young age were selected as the significant health behavior and general factors affecting physical job stress symptoms in stepwise multiple regression analysis. The five factors explained 18.9% of the physical stress score variance. Six factors were selected as the significant health behaviors affecting psychological job stress: daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little exercise, frequent drinking alcohol, high perceived fatigue, little break at work, and little weight control effort. The six factors explained 10.6% of the psychological stress score variance.

• 한국논리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.8-24
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• 2009

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.82-90
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• 2005

1. Objectives : There are many studies on the ordinary symptoms based on Sasang constitution. But there are not quite satisfactory between the types of Sasang constitution. So This study is for learning the characteristics of ordinary symptoms depending on Taeyangin Soyangin(the rest Yangin) and Taeumin Soeumin(the rest Eumin) of the Sasang constitution. 2. Methods : We classified them into the each type of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM) by the well-trained SCM specialist, and assessed their ordinary features by the questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the influence of ordinary features to the diagnosis of SCM. 3. Results : There are a result of the binary logistic analysis on the observed questionnaire. 1) Regarding sleeping, Yangin do not dream much as Eumin do when they sleep. The time they are sleeping is not longer, and they usually do not sleep well. 2) Regarding stools, Yangin go to stool more than Eumin do. The constipation does not occur when they are not in a good condition, and they do not feel uncomfortable when they do not go to stool for a day. The length of time taken for emptying the bowels is much longer, and the hardness of their stools is much more, but the hardness does not mean that they have the constipation. 3) Regarding urine, Yangin have much more foam than Eumin. 4. Conclusions: We found that Yangin and Eumin have characteristics of ordinary symptoms, but partly there are not in accordance with ones what Lee Je-ma said in his book. So in future we hope clinical studies are required steadily.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.81-85
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• 2012

Purpose: Saturday night palsy is a transient form of nerve palsy that occurs after a prolonged period of direct pressure on the course of radial nerve by one's own or spouse's head. Although commonly encountered, there have been only few studies concerning its convalescence. The purpose of this study is to predict the prognosis of Saturday night palsy based on the causes, time to recovery and degree of recovery. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of 20 patients who were diagnosed compression radial nerve palsy was performed. The average age was 36.7 years old and the mean follow-up period was 19.6 months. We investigated sleeping hours as an indirect measure of nerve compression time, recovery of wrist and finger extension, DASH score on the monthly based follow up. Results: The mean sleeping hours was 5.8 hours and all patients showed full recovery of wrist and fingers extension with the mean duration of symptom for 3.2 months. DASH score was an average 1.53 at the last follow up and we found no statistical significance between the time to recovery and the sleeping hours. Conclusion: Complete natural recovery can be expected in compression radial nerve palsy in this study without correlation with sleeping time. Accurate diagnosis is important in order to avoid unnecessary therapeutic intervention and further study should be accomplished for clarifying the related prognostic factors in larger scale of the cases.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.15 no.1_2 s.25
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• pp.13-19
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• 1979

Circadian susceptibility of sleeping induced by pentobarbital was observrd in male DDO mouse treated with phenobarbital and ginseng saponin. The pentobarbital elimination rate was also measured in the same animal. The mouse had been maintained for one week under 12 hours of artificial illumination extending from 06:00 to 18:00 hours alternating with 12 hours of darkness. During the period the animals were administered intraperitoneally with 100mg/kg of phenobarbital for three days or 10mg/kg and 100mg/kg of ginseng saponin for seven days. At 24 hours after last injection pentobarbital sleeping time and elimination rate were measured following intraperitoneal administration of 50mg/kg of pentobarbital sodium. In a control group treated with saline, the duration of pentobarbital-induced sleep varied with circadian rhythmicity, which had a trough at 02:00 hours of light phase and a crest at 14:00 hours of dark phase. And the elimination rate measured at 02:00 hours was faster than that at 14:00 hours. Pretreatment with phenobarbital markedly shortened the pentobarbital steeping time and abolished the circadian rhythmicity. Those were correlated with the increased pentobartital elimination by phenobarbital throughout light and dark phases examined. Ginseng saponin, given for seven days in a dose of 10mg/kg or 100mg/kg, did not affect the circadian rhythmicity of sleeping and the elimination rate. Sleeping time during light phase, however, was somewhat shortened in ginseng treated animals, which was not matched with the finding of unaltered elimination rate. It seemed that the central nervous system stimulating effect of ginseng saponin might be involved in the findings observed.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.27-34
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• 1972

The present study is concerned with the demonstration of the influence of long term treatment with caffeine and phenobarbital on pentobarbital sleeping time, gastric secretion, increase rate of body weight and brain and liver weight in rats. The experimental subjects were rats weighing about 140 to 150 g, each of them was isolated in a separate cage. Each group was given 1 ml normal saline solution as control, caffeine 10 mg/kg and phenobarbital 30 mg/kg as experimental groups. All drugs were injected intraperitoneally, daily for 4 weeks. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. There was significant difference between before and after injection of drugs (caffeine citrate 10 mg/kg and phenobarbital 30 mg/kg) on pentobarbital sleeping time. The sleeping time of caffeine treated group was delayed (22.4%, p<0.01) significantly compared with that of before injection. The sleeping time of phenobarbital treated group was markedly shortened (93.6%, p<0.001) compared with that of before injection of drugs. 2. The volume, free and total acidity and pH of gastric juice determined five hours after pyloric ligation in fasting rats were not significantly changed in experimental groups compared with control group. However the volume of gastric juice was increased 25% in both caffeine and phenobardital treated group. 3. The increased ratio of body weight revealed no remarkable difference compared with intial body weight. However, caffeine treated group showed markedly increased body weight after first and second week of injection. 4. The brain and liver weight in experimental group showed no significant difference compared with control group (as percentage of body weight).

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to present controversial point and reform measurements by analysing factors haying important effect on selection of upper gastrointestinal study in total health promotion. We examined 200 persons for this study, who visited for upper gastrointestinal study from January to February in 1999. We classified this group into Endoscopy, Upper gastrointestinal series, and sleeping endoscopy. We also investigated standard of satisfaction and factors having effect on selection of each study. As a results, in the motive of selection, Item of 'making accurate observation' and 'without pain' was 39.3% and 34.7%, respectively. In this study, sleeping endoscopy was 45.7%, but on the other side upper gastrointestinal series was low 22.6%(P<0.05). In the standard of preference of study, the man was 55.7% in the endoscopy, and the woman was 61.8% in the upper gastrointestinal series(P<0.05). The standard of preference of upper gastrointestinal series show that it was satisfied on the whole irrespective of sex, dwelling place, age, occupation, and level of education. In the selection of study, one's own will was showed the highest frequency, and family inducement was showed second(P<0.05). Persons over 60% were examined before the same study. Selection of upper gastrointestinal series was 47.9% of person with normal findings, and endoscopy and sleeping endoscopy was over 70% with gastritis, gastric and duodenal(P<0.01). For one's accurate selection of examination, it is important that objective and credible information should be given to a recipient for examination.