Background: Circadian rhythm disturbance caused by shift work has adverse effects on the metabolic homeostasis of the liver. Disruption of the metabolic homeostasis of the liver causes fat accumulation in the liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between shift work and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among male workers in the steel manufacturing industry of Korea. Methods: Based on medical examination data collected in June 2020, 2,511 male subjects from one steel manufacturing company in Korea were selected in total. NAFLD was evaluated using abdominal ultrasound, which was performed by two experienced radiologists. The multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed by adjusting for age, physical activity, smoking history, alcohol consumption, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, lipidemia, liver function test, employment duration, and hepatotoxic materials exposure status. Results: Compared to daytime workers, the odds ratio (OR) of moderate-severe NAFLD in shift workers was 1.449 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.028-2.043). Compared to daytime workers, the ORs of moderate-severe NAFLD were significantly higher for the group that engaged in total shift work for more than 20 years (OR, 2.285; 95% CI, 1.051-4.970), the group that was not allowed to sleep during night shift work (OR, 1.463; 95% CI, 1.030-2.078), and the group that consumed food during night shift work (OR, 1.580; 95% CI, 1.093-2.284). Conclusions: There was a correlation between shift work and moderate-severe NAFLD in male steel manufacturing workers. There will be a need for more research related to the correlation of shift work with steatohepatitis and cirrhosis in the future.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the sociopsychological factors which might influence the course of the temporomandibular disorders and to develop models for prediction of treatment outcome related to pain, dysfunction and sound. For this study, 268 patients with temporomandibular disorders were selected from the patients presented to department of Oral Medicine, Wonkwang university dental hospital. Chief complaints of these subjects were largely grouped into three categories such as pain, dysfunction and sound, and 10 cm visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to record the state of the three complaints every visit and Treatment Index(VAS TI) was calculated from VAS. All the forty-two items obtained from clinical examination or questionnaire were statistically processed with $SPSS^{(R)}$ windows. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The items showed a difference between male and female subjects were maximum mouth opening, palpation score, jaw jerk during mandibular movement, and sleep disturbance. Among questionnaires such as SRRS, HAD scale and PSQI, the HAD scales showed the most highly significant correlation with the each scale item of the SCL-90R. 2. Among the groups classified by VAS TI, the group with the lowest VAS TI showed the highest VAS score in the start of treatment but showed the lowest score in the end of treatment, without respect to the type of chief complaint. From these results, it is assumed that the active treatment duration for the subjects with lower VAS score in the first visit would be longer than the subjects with higher score with the somewhat poor treatment outcome. 3. With regard to all the three complaints, the items showing significant effect in the model for prediction of treatment outcome were from questionnaire, except one item, maximum mouth opening, which suggest that the sociopsychological factors would be strongly related to development and progress of the symptoms.
Oral Medicine includes temporomandibular disorder, orofacial pains such as neuropathic pain, soft tissue diseases, halitosis, laser treatment, snoring, sleep apnea and identification through forensic dentistry etc. Such diseases are relatively common and cause great inconvenience and pain to the patients, as well as incur fatal health scare at times. In terms of oral medicine, the number of orofacial patients is growing due to a change in the life style and an increased stress as time goes in contemporary society and the demand of areas requiring oral medical professionalism, such as soft tissue lesions, snoring and sleep apnea, forensic dentistry evaluation and others are rapidly ascending. Consequently, among the areas in dental science, the calls for the expertism in oral medicine and its role are mounting. Analyzing the distribution according to disease entity, symptoms, duration of disease, and the prehistory courses of new patients visiting the department of oral medicine in a year provides information of the role and the relative importance of oral medicine in prospect and enables effective diagnosis and treatments for the patients. Therefore, in the present study, by analyzing new patients visiting the oral medicine clinic in our dental hospital for a year and by evaluating the role and the professionalism in future oral medicine, the authors concluded the followings: 1. It was founded that new patients to oral medicine mainly had temporomandibular disorders, soft tissue diseases, and neuropathic pains. 2. The number of patients with temporomandibular disorder appeared to be the highest percentage and the order within this was the patients with combined disorders, muscle disorder, and internal derangement of joint disc. 3. The number of patients with xerostomia appeared to be the highest percentage within soft tissue disease, followed by lichen planus and recurrent apthous ulcers. 4. The number of patients with burning mouth syndrome appeared to be the highest percentage within neuropathic pain.
Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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v.7
no.1
/
pp.68-76
/
1996
30 DSM-III or DSM-III-R tic patients were assessed by hospital records and Yale Global Tic Severity Scale to study the common characteristics, clinical course and longterm outcome of tic disorders after 3.1-18.1 years, 73.3% of the patients(treated or untreated) have recovered or partially improved. Identifical precipitating factors were found in 9 patients. Associated disorders were ADHD, sleep disorder, and so on. The outcome according to age of onset, duration of follow-up and diagnoses have no statistically significance. Increased age at follow up was influenced improvement of tic symptoms, though statistically not significant(p=0.327). These results suggest that the outcome of tic disorder is not ominous and they are relatively good social adjustment inspite of carrying the tic symptoms. But this study has some limitations such as retrospective study and sample size. Studies designed prospectively with large sample would be needed to generalize theses results.
This study was conducted to characterize the relationship of rainfall intensity and slope stability by using numerical analysis. The maximum precipitation rate for 10 minutes, 1 hour and 1 day was determined as 28 mm, 70 mm and 271 mm, respectively, by investigating 36 years of KMA data. Then slope infiltration analysis was performed to obtain the ground water level in the slope by using computer programming SEEP/W, and slope stability analysis was done for each time step by using program SLOPE/W. The factor of safety was minimized when the slope was saturated under each rainfall intensity; the time required for saturation was 2 hours with 10 minutes rainfall intensity of 28 mm, 7 hours with 1 hour rainfall intensity of 70 mm and 3 days with 1 day rainfall intensity of 271 mm. When accumulated rainfall was 196 mm for the 10minutes rainfall intensity of 28 mm with duration of 2 hours, the factor of safety was decreased to 1.0, while accumulated rainfall of 468 mm and 820 mm for the 1 hour and 1 day rainfall intensity, respectively, was required to reach the factor of safety, 1.0. Since the normalized rainfall intensity was 13 mm and 1.9 mm for 1 hour and 1 day maximum rainfall, respectively, those results showed that the rainfall intensity could have a more effect on the slope stability than the accumulated rainfall.
The purpose of the study was to identify disease characteristics and behavior pattern of treatment for patients with Fibromyalgia. This study was carried out between May to Aug. in 1998 through direct interview in Rheumatism clinic at H. University Hospital and subject in this study were 125 outpatients diagnosed with Fibromyalgia. Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test, ANOVA using SPSS Window program. The results of this study are as follows. 1. General Characteristics : All of the persons with Fibromyalgia were female who were mostly in their forties(37.5%). A third of them(38.4%) were graduated from high school. The greatest part of them(54.4%) were christians but little part of them(16.8%) were employed 2. Disease Characteristics : They have struggled with Fibromyalgia for 10 years on an average. About half of them(56.9%) suffered from Fibromyalgia only but the others had another diseases which were in greatest part occupied by Osteoarthritis. The number of tender point which is a feature of Fibromyalgia differed according to measuring criteria. Yunus criteria. however, was proved to be the most proper measuring criteria than any other method as it showed high correlations between symptoms and physical activities. The most serious symptoms that complained the patients among subjective symptoms are pain, sleep disorder, and fatigue in sequence, and activities most hard to do among physical activities are washing by hand, scrubbing by hand, and shopping in sequence. 3. Behavior Pattern of Treatment : The largest part of them(42.4%) had received medical treatment after they were determined to have the disease and most of them were taking medicine as prescribed by physician(88.8%) or other medicines(16.8%), Of them, two thirds stated that the medicine they took were effective. Around a third of them took exercises mostly composed of swimming. The medical institution they visited in the past were orthopedic surgical department, Oriental hospital, physical therapy department in sequence and, in a slight percent(11.4%), psychiatric department. 4. Relations between Disease Characteristics and Behavior pattern of Treatment : It shows that number of tender point and level of symptom are significantly different according to duration of disease and medical intervention. As a results, it can be suggest that persons with Fibromyalgia need to take exercises and medicine continually regardless of medical treatment as it is a chronic disease whose symptoms are hardly mitigated.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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v.19
no.1
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pp.355-367
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2018
The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of the quality of life in community dwelling vulnerable older women with chronic joint pain. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 234 participants registered at a visiting health care service in the public health center of C-city. The structured questionnaire were used to collect data on the general characteristics, pain rating index, pain intensity, perceived health status, functional independence, sleep pattern, depression, and quality of life from February 16 to March 13, 2017. The data were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The significant factors of the quality of life including general characteristics were depression (${\beta}=-.60$, p<.001), pain intensity scale (${\beta}=-.15$, p=.007), health insurance type (${\beta}=.15$, p=.001), perceived health status (${\beta}=.14$, p=.007), duration of pain (${\beta}=-.10$, p=.019), marital status (${\beta}=.10$, p=.024), and functional independence (${\beta}=.09$, p=.036). These factors accounted for 63.1% of the total variance in the quality of life. The findings suggest that a public healthcare program on managing depression is effective in improving the quality of life in community dwelling older women with chronic joint pain. Public health nurses should intervene in nursing care for economically vulnerable aged and pain management based on a precise assessment from the beginning of pain.
Headache is a symptom with varied etiologies and extraordinarily frequent. Headaches can be a symptom of another diseases, such as meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage or brain tumor, may represent the disease entity itself as the case in migraine. The international Headache Society criteria were the first to distinguish between primary and secondary headache disorders. When evaluating a patient who presents with headache, the physician abviously needs to identify or exclude the myriad conditions that can cause secondary headache and initial diagnostic workup should be considered. If patient meets the criteria for a primary headache disorder, treatment commonly initiated without additional neurodiagnostic tests. The headache type, its associated feature, and the duration and the intensity of the pain attack all can influence the choice of acute therapy in migraine. Pharmacologically, such as NSAIDs, combination analgesics, vasoactive antimigraineous drugs, neuroleptics, antidepressants, or corticosteroids. Other approches to managing headache include a headache diary to identify triggers, biofeedback, relaxation technique and behavioral modification. Daily preventive medication should be considered by his attack frequency and intensity, and maintained for 4 to 6 months. Tension-type headaches are distinguished between episodic and chronic tension-type headache, but physician must make sure that patient is not drug-overuse or independent during symptomatic abortive therapy or preventive medication. The most difficult headache patients to treat are those with chronic daily headache. They often have physical dependency, low frustration tolerance, sleep problems, and depression. So discontinuation of overused medication is crucial. New developments in migraine therapy are broadening the scope of abortive and prophylactic treatment choices available to the physician. The enhanced ease of the use of sumatriptan and DHE will likely increase patient compliance and satisfaction.
Mitidieri, Andreia;Gurian, Maria Beatriz;Silva, Ana Paula;Tawasha, Kalil;Poli-Neto, Omero;Nogueira, Antonio;Reis, Francisco;Rosa-e-Silva, Julio
Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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v.18
no.4
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pp.26-31
/
2015
Objectives: This study used semiology based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to investigate vital energy (Qi) behavior in women with abdominal myofascial pain syndrome (AMPS). Methods: Fifty women diagnosed with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) secondary to AMPS were evaluated by using a questionnaire based on the theories of "yin-yang," "zang-fu", and "five elements". We assessed the following aspects of the illness: symptomatology; specific location of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs); onset, cause, duration and frequency of symptoms; and patient and family history. The patients tongues, lips, skin colors, and tones of speech were examined. Patients were questioned on various aspects related to breathing, sweating, sleep quality, emotions, and preferences related to color, food, flavors, and weather or seasons. Thirst, gastrointestinal dysfunction, excreta (feces and urine), menstrual cycle, the five senses, and characteristic pain symptoms related to headache, musculoskeletal pain, abdomen, and chest were also investigated. Results: Patients were between 22 and 56 years old, and most were married (78%), possessed a elementary school (66%), and had one or two children (76%). The mean body mass index and body fat were 26.86 kg/cm2 (range: 17.7 - 39.0) and 32.4% (range: 10.7 - 45.7), respectively. A large majority of women (96%) exhibited alterations in the kidney meridian, and 98% had an altered gallbladder meridian. We observed major changes in the kidney and the gallbladder Qi meridians in 76% and 62% of patients, respectively. Five of the twelve meridians analyzed exhibited Qi patterns similar to pelvic innervation Qi and meridians, indicating that the paths of some of these meridians were directly related to innervation of the pelvic floor and abdominal region. Conclusion: The women in this study showed changes in the behavior of the energy meridians, and the paths of some of the meridians were directly related to innervation of the pelvic floor and abdominal region.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Recent studies showed vitamin D deficiency is linked to chronic diseases in addition to skeletal metabolism which could threaten the elderly. We analyzed health conditions and socio-demographic factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in community dwelling people aged 65 years and older. SUBJECTS/METHOD: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010 to 2012 were obtained. A total of 2,687 subjects aged 65 years and older were participated. The cutoff value of the Vitamin D deficiency was considered as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] ${\leq}20ng/mL$ (50 nmol/L). RESULTS: The overall prevalence rate of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly was 62.1%. The factors such as female, obesity, metabolic syndrome, current smoker, and skipping breakfast were positively associated with vitamin D deficiency, but high intensity of physical activity and more than 9 hours of sleep duration were negatively associated with vitamin D deficiency (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is important that health professions know that the factors proved in this study are connected to vitamin D deficiency thus provide information and intervention strategies of vitamin D deficiency to old aged people.
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