• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.65-80
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aims to compare changes in physical factors, health behaviors, eating habits, and nutritional intake among Korean male and female adults over a period of three years (2019-2021) before and after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This study utilized raw data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021). The participants in this study included 6,235 individuals in 2019, 5,865 individuals in 2020, and 5,635 individuals in 2021. Individuals whose daily energy intake was less than 500 kcal or exceeded 5,000 kcal were excluded from the study. Results: In comparison to 2019, overweight/obesity rates, weight, waist circumference, weekend sleep hours, and resistance exercise days/week increased in both male and female during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regarding eating habits, the proportions of people skipping breakfast, not eating out, consuming health supplements, and recognizing nutritional labels increased in 2020 and 2021, whereas the rate of skipping dinner decreased. Total energy intake has continued to decrease for the two years since 2019. A comparison of nutrient intake per 1,000 kcal before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 revealed that intake of nutrients, including protein, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and niacin increased, while folic acid intake decreased. In male, calcium, phosphorus, riboflavin, and niacin intakes increased, whereas iron, vitamin C, and folic acid intakes decreased. In female, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin intake increased significantly, while protein and niacin intake decreased significantly. Conclusions: After COVID-19, the obesity rate, breakfast skipping rate, health supplement intake, and nutritional label use increased, while the frequency of eating out, dinner skipping rate, and total energy intake decreased. These environmental changes and social factors highlight the need for nutritional education and management to ensure proper nutritional intake and reduce obesity rates in the post-COVID-19 era.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 2006년도 하계종합학술발표회 논문 초록집
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• pp.398-398
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• 2006

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2001

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.25-28
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• 2002

This paper presents variable bit rate(VBR) rate control scheme based on MPEG-4 VM8 rate control scheme. An initial Q searching method provides more accurate bit allocation for the first frame. A frame skipping and RD Model update scheme when coded frame quality is too low or high prevents image quality fluctuation.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제10A권6호
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• pp.677-684
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• 2003

VOD 서비스의 대부분 정책들은 주로 서버 시스템에 대해 연구되고 있고, 단절감 없는 재생과 재생질 보증의 근간이 되는 클라이언트의 버퍼 안정화 문제에 대해서는 언급되지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 클라이언트의 버퍼 상태가 스타베이션 또는 오버런인 경우 서버에 동적인 제어신호를 발하고, 서버에서는 수신된 제어 요구 신호에 따라 프레임을 생략하여 전송하는 정책을 제안한다. 그리고 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안 정책이 클라이언트의 버퍼 상태 악화로 인한 프레임의 미수신 및 손실을 방지하여 클라이언트의 버퍼를 안정화시켜 재생질 보증에 더 효율적임을 보인다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 프레임 제거시에 화질 개선을 위한 새로운 트랜스코딩 방식을 제안한다. 제안 방식은 연속된 프레임들간의 움직임 벡터들의 상관 관계를 활용하고 있으며, 트랜스코딩시 한 매크로블록당 네 개의 움직임 벡터를 고려한다. 제안 방법은 트랜스코딩시 부호화된 비트스트림으로부터 영상을 복호화할 필요가 없으므로, 움직임 벡터를 산출하는 복잡한 연산이 요구되지 않는다. 실험 결과는 트랜스코딩된 프레임이 I - 픽쳐에서 멀리 떨어질수록, 움직임이 큰 영상일수록 기존 방식에 비하여 더 나은 화질 개선 효과를 나타냄을 보여준다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.823-827
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• 2003

Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 15439 is notable in its ability to produce two distinct groups of macrolactones. It has been reported that the generation of two macrolactone structures results from alternative expression of pikromycin (Pik) polyketide synthase (PKS). It was previously reported that the hybrid pikromycin-tylosin PKS can also produce two different macrolactones but its mechanistic basis remains unclear. In order to address this question, a series of site-directed mutagenesis of tentative alternative ribosome binding site and translation start codons in tylGV were performed. The results suggest that macrolactone ring size is not determined by the alternative expression of TylGV but through other mechanism(s) involving direct interaction between the PikAIII and TE domain or skipping of the final chain elongation step. This provides new insight into the mechanism of macrolactone ring size determination in hybrid PKS as well as an opportunity to develop novel termination activities for combinatorial biosynthesis.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2011

The goal of this study was to determine the nutritional value and nutrients provided by each meal and snack of consumed by university students. Subjects were randomly selected from volunteer students at five universities in Ankara. A sample of 400 students (167 female and 233 male) aged between 19 and 24 years participated in this study. A questionnaire designed to assess general characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and 24 hours dietary records was administered using face to face interviews. According to body mass index classifications, 69.5% of male students, and 77.7% of female students were found to be in the normal weight categories. Overweight categories were found to be 25.1% and 5.6% for males and females, respectively. Breakfast and lunch were the most frequently skipped meals, with a total of 47.7% of students skipping breakfast and 25.2% skipping lunch. The percentages of energy deficiency were found to be 78.4% in males, and 81.1% in females. Dinner was the main meal for consumption of energy and the other nutrients, except saturated fatty acids, for both genders. Also, dinner was the largest contributor of energy in both genders. Students ate more bread, cereals, and meat at dinner than during the other meals and snacks. Fruit was consumed more during snacks than at the other meals by all students. It was concluded that students need more nutritional information about healthy nutritional habits, adequate intake of nutrients, and ideal body weights.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eating behaviors on subjective happiness of adolescents in South Korea. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. Using the statistics of the 13th (2017) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, multiple logistic regression was conducted. The study sample comprised 62,276 middle and high school students aged primarily 12 to 17. Results: The rate of skipping breakfast more than five days per week was 31.5%, the rate of eating fast food more than three times per week was 20.5%, the rate of eating ramen more than three times per week was 25.9%, and the rate of eating at a convenience store more than three times per week was 26.0%. The eating behaviors affecting the subjective happiness of Korean adolescents were skipping breakfast and eating at a convenience store. Conclusion: In order to improve the negative eating behaviors that affect the subjective happiness of adolescents, various efforts will be needed at various levels such as home, school, community, and country.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2013

본 연구에서는, 결과물의 우수함을 유지하면서도 기존 연구결과의 성능을 4-7배 향상시킨 실시간 GPU 등가면 볼륨 레이케스터를 제시한다. 이러한 성능 향상은 효율적인 빈공간 생략법과 분석적 그레디언트 계산법을 도입함으로써 가능하다. 빈공간 생략법은 스플라인 조각들의 BB-형식으로부터 만등어진 최소/최대값 옥트리에 기반하고 있고, 분석적 그레디언트 계산법은 보다 정확한 렌더링 결과를 제공할 뿐 아니라 더욱 빠른 계산이 가능하도록 한다.