• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.92-100
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• 2005

An aircraft wing or fuselage panel of skin-stringer assembly can fail in a variety of instable modes under compression loads. Instability modes can be buckling of the panel, local buckling of the stringer, flexure, torsion, wrinkle and combined flexural/torsional buckling of the panel assembly. Although researches on these buckling behaviors have been carried out for a long time, there are some difficulties to apply to the practice because of complex theoretical and empirical equations. Accordingly, It is well known that leading aerospace companies are using their own in-house programs for the convenience of practical usage, but our domestic situation is that no such program has been ever developed. In this study a comprehensive program has been developed, which can identify the instability modes and the magnitude of reserve factor of the modes for the skin/stringer panel assembly under compression load. The developed program is based on the theory manual of the Airbus program APA114. For the verification, calculation of the instable reserve factors for the A320 wing panel and A380 low wing panel sections were carried out and compared with results by APA114.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.820-829
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• 2003

One of the important function of skin is the protection from harmful environments. Many studies were carried out to keep the skin from wrinkling and pigmenting. Skin wrinkle and pigmentation could be caused' by the unusual disruption of connective tissue, the formation of free radicals and the radiation of ultraviolet. In this study, the extracts obtained from 23 different kinds of medicinal plants were examined whether they have inhibitory effect on tyrosinase and elastase as well as free radical scavenging effect. All the extracts examined were obtained by using 70% (v/v) ethanol at $60^{\circ}C$. It has been found that there were two medicinal plants which have positive effects matching with the purpose of this study. The extract of Ephedra sinica stapf shows an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase ($IC_{50}$ = 83.7~$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), on elastase ($IC_{50}$ = $690{\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml), and also shows free radical scavenging effect ($IC_{50}$ = 29.6$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). The extract of Betula platyphylla Var. shows an inhibitory effect on elastase ($IC_{50}$ = 498.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), and free radical scavenging effect ($IC_{50}$ = 9$\mu\textrm{g}$/ ml). The aim of the study is to find the natural compounds which have function in skin-lightening, anti-wrinkling and anti-oxidation, with safe and active ingredients in cosmetic.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.32 no.2 s.57
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• pp.81-88
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• 2006

Amino acid complex was made with the composition of amino acids quite similar to that of stratum corneum on the skin. In order to evaluate the efficacy of amino acid complex on the skin as an active cosmetic ingredient, we measured cytotoxicity. TIMP-1 expression, moisturizing effect and the amount of horny substance. In cytotoxicity assay, amino acid complex did not show any cytotoxicity. In moisturizing effect test using corneometer, it showed very good moisturizing effect. In TIMP-1 mRNA assay using RT-PCR, moo acid complex showed the increase of TIMP-1 expression, suggesting that amino acid complex have anti-wrinkle effect. Therefore, amino acid complex may be useful as an active ingredient for anti-aging.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

As Korea's representative medical text, "Donguibogam" reveals Korean Medicine's unique perspective on the human body. The text also contains abundant resources related to skin, leading to diverse researches on the subject today. In this paper, authors tried to elicit values of "Donguibogam" in the general cosmetics field, through literature review. First, prescriptions related to main functions of modern cosmetics (anti-aging, whitening, and moisturizing) were classified. In relation to anti-aging, concepts such as 返老 (reversing aging), 還童 (to become young again), 皺 (wrinkle), and 皮急 (tense skin) were extracted and 69 examples of treatments were introduced. For whitening care, 41 treatments were mentioned on hyper-pigmentation and general complexion. Concepts related to moisturizing included expressions such as 潤肌膚 (hydration of skin) and 光澤 (glow), induced by 48 treatment prescriptions. Second, cosmetics related prescriptions were classified according to the application methods of modern cosmetics. 78 prescriptions of cleansing category included washing-off local area with herbal liquid, bathing, washing-off after steaming, and soaking the body in the herbal liquid. Total of 308 topical application prescriptions covered the conditions of various skin inflammations, scalp illnesses, and etc. In conclusion, this research examines the value of "Donguibogam" as a useful of skincare. Further studies are expected to extend our understanding of the field.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.43-50
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the use and satisfaction on cosmetics of middle- and old-aged women with well-being pursuit disposition. A survey was conducted from January 20 to February 10 in 2006. The statistical analysis methods used to analyze the 393 middle- and old- aged female subjects were frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, crosstab, and multiple regression analysis. First, middle- and old-aged women were using functional cosmetics for wrinkle and whitening as well as skin lotion, moisture lotion and nutritive cream. They applied basic skin make-up only or partial make-up on the eyes and lips. Second, the well-being pursuit disposition factors were determined to be eco-friendly pursuit disposition, economical pursuit disposition, and health pursuit disposition. The well-being pursuit disposition factors had an effect on satisfaction of basic cosmetics. While the economical pursuit disposition factor had an effect on satisfaction of colored cosmetics. Third, the clusters from well-being pursuit disposition were determined to be wellbeing unconcerned group, eco-friendly concerned group, economical concerned group, and health concerned group. The proportion of subjects applying basic and colored cosmetics was high in health concerned group.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

The suitability of CPWs, by-products of the juice industry, was investigated as a source for the production of cosmeceuticals. Four kinds of CPWs, CW, CWE, CWER, and CWEA, were examined for their antioxidant potentials in terms of DPPH radical-scavenging ability for anti-wrinkle applications, inhibition of tyrosinase or melanin production for whitening products, and anti-inflammatory effects to treat various skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and acne as well as for anti-bacterial activity against acne-inducing pathogens. Of the four extracts, CWER was the most potent tyrosinase inhibitor ($IC_{50}$ value: $109\;{\mu}g/mL$), and CWEA ($IC_{50}:\;167\;{\mu}g/mL$) showed good antioxidative effects. CWE and CWEA samples had dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the melanin production. The cytotoxic effects of the four CPWs were determined by colorimetric MTT assays using human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Most extracts exhibited low cytotoxicity at $100\;{\mu}g/mL$. These results suggest CPWs are attractive candidates for topical applications on the human skin.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.505-511
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• 2020

In this study, hot water and ethanol, acetone, and hexane extracts of the steamed Deodeok were investigated for use as raw materials for natural cosmetics. Hot water and ethanol, acetone and hexane extracts of steamed Deodeok did not indicate cell toxicity up to 300 ㎍/mL concentration in the MTT assay. The tyrosinase inhibition effects of the ethanol extract were higher than the ascorbic acid. The efficacy of the steamed Deodeok's ethanol extract on the elastase inhibition was similar to that of quercetin at higher concentrations. In conclusion, water, ethanol, acetone and hexane extracts of the steamed Deodeok indicated strong possibility as a whitening and anti-wrinkle functional cosmetic ingredient. Among them, the steamed Deodeok's ethanol extract, which showed excellent activity, is highly available because it has high safety compared to other organic solvent extraction methods used in cosmetics, and has minimal irritation to the skin.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.174-181
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• 1996

The novel synthesis of 3-aminopropyl dihydrogen phosphate(3-APPA; 3-Aminopropane phosphoric acid), and its applicability to the skin as a cosmetic raw material in terms of its efficacy and toxicology were presented. The phosphorylation of 3-amino-1-propanol was carried out via cyclization into 6-membered 2, 6-oxaza-phosphoryl ring in the presence of phosphorous oxychloried and an organic base. The subsequent ring-opening hydrolysis and crystallization afforded the highly purified product in 90% isoloated yield. The method is much superior to the previous literature phosphorylation methodsm, as the procedure is simple and high-yielding. To confirm the efficacy of 3-APPA, several activities related to anti-aging capacity were measured. In-vitro human fibroblast, linear and 3-dimensional collagen matrix culture revealed that 3-APPA stimulated the proliferation of fibroblasts, and enhanced the synthesis of collagen, which showed 3-APPA's potency for skin wrinkle reduction. The toxicolgical aspect of 3-APPA was also extensively examined. In vivo toxicity tests such as acute oral toxicity, eye irritation, human patch, and the repeat insult human patch test proved 3-APPA to be a safe material. Thus 3-APPA can be used as an effective anti-aging agent for various cosmetic formulations.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2016

UV exposure induces matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes expression. We studied the protective effect of Rubus occidentalis seed against UVB-generated skin photoaging using human fibroblast cells (CCD-986sk). We used an ELISA kit to measure the supernatents of procollagen type I and MMP-1 in CCD-986sk cells after they were exposed to UVB irradiation. The CCD-986sk cells that were used with RC-E/E after the UVB irradiation caused higher levels of type I procollagen and lesser levels of MMP-1 compared with the control group. Furthermore, the RC-E/E treated group showed lesser MMP-1 levels and higher procollagen type I levels than the untreated counterpart. Therefore, it can be concluded that Rubus occidentalis seed can prevent from skin photoaging.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.147-154
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aims to examine the improvement against facial wrinkles after needle-embedding therapy. Methods: The study participants were 10 women treated with needle-embedding therapy in the Korean Medical Clinic from September, 2011 to August, 2014. The subjects were treated every ten days for twenty days, totally three times, and the result of treatment was evaluated five times, such as pre-treatment, after each treatments, one month and two months later of the last treatment with ARAMO-SG. Results: 1. Depth and range of facial wrinkles, facial skin pore test, and sensitivity test were visibly improved after needle-embedding therapy and follow-up compared pre-treatment (p<0.05). 2. The significant improvements in facial skin texture test was not observed and sustained until the follow-up measurement at 2 months. 3. Any adverse reaction related to needle-embedding therapy did not happen. Conclusions: This study suggests that needle-embedding therapy can improve facial wrinkles. The positive results of this study support the requirement for additional research investigating the efficacy of needle-embedding therapy in women.