• 한국조리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2002

This study was conducted to present the fundamental data on physicochemical properties of chicken foot collagen by the comparison with those from pork skin, which is present used in the factories as evaluate the usability of chicken foot in the industries of collagen production. Moisture content of chicken foot skin (CFS) was higher than that of pork skin (PS), and crude protein content was higher in PS. Content of other compositions was not different in both samples. At the evaluation of the soaking processing, effective time lapsed for soaking the skin in acid solution (acetic acid of 0.1 M) was about 12 hr for efficient extract ion of collagen, when tested by the changes of pH of the soaking solution and the increase of the weight of skins. L-Hydroxyproline of PS was slightly higher than that of CFS. Collagens were loaded in a SDS-PAGE and compared. Separated pattern of collagen of CFS was very similar to that of PS. Major collagen of CFS might be clarified as type I collagen.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.372-379
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• 2014

Methanol extract (1.0 wt%) of Scutellaria baicalensis George satisfied preservation standard of CTFA (The Cosmetics, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association) against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli which were inoculated in skin lotion. Even at a low concentration (0.01 wt%) the extract showed high superoxide dismutase-like activity. The CTFA standard could also be satisfied for the above four strains when methanol extract of Liriope platyphylla were combined with the 1.0 wt% extract of S. baicalensis George. This result suggests that extract of L. platyphylla does not hinder the preservation activity of S. baicalensis George. Moreover, skin moisture content could be maintained for 6 hours after the application of a cream containing the extract of L. platyphylla.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.674-686
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• 2021

This study aimed to enhance the quality of broiler breast meat by adding pig skin collagen to feed. A total of 50 Ross 308 broilers were classified according to the following feeding regime for two weeks: basal diet (NC), basal diet+0.1% fish collagen (PC), basal diet+0.1% pig skin collagen (T1), basal diet+0.5% pig skin collagen (T2), and basal diet+1.0% pig skin collagen (T3). The moisture content was the highest in the PC group, and the protein content was the lowest in the T1 group (p<0.05). The fat content was higher in the T1 and PC groups, whereas the ash content was higher in the T3 group (p<0.05). Drip loss was the highest in the NC group and the lowest in the T2 group (p<0.05). Lightness was low in groups T2 and T3, redness was low in groups T2 and PC, and yellowness was low in groups T1, T2, and PC (p<0.05). The collagen content of the chicken breast was the highest in the T3 group, and that of the skin was the highest in the T1 group (p<0.05). The texture characteristics of springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and hardness were the highest in the T3 group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of a broiler diet with pig skin collagen was found to increase the collagen content of the breast meat, indicating the improved quality of the broiler breast meat.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 1994

The functional properties of mechanically deboned chicken meat(MDCM) from whole carcass, whole carcass without exsanguination, neck without skin, leg hone, and upper back and rib were studied. Also, the effects of adding different levels of gelatin and MDCM to the comminuted meats were investigated. Proximate composition values of MDCM ranged from 54.2 to 68.6% moisture, 14.5 to 19.7% protein, 12.3 to 30.1% fat, and 1.1 to 1.3% ash. The MDCM from leg hone had a higher content of fat, and a lower contents of moisture and protein. The MDCM from neck without skin tended to be opposite to the MDCM from leg hone. The total pigment and myoglobin levels were highest in MDCM from whole carcass without exsanguination such as 3.83 and 0.29 rng /g, and those from the other parts were 1.58~2.93 mg /g and 0. 17~0.31 mg /g, respectively. The emulsifying capacity and water holding capacity were highest in MDCM from neck without skin which contained lower levels of fat, collagen and hydroxyproline, but a higher level of salt soluble protein. The emulsifying capacity of comminuted meat decreased as gelatin content increased. The extractability of hydroxyproline from gelatin showed a higher solubility in acidic solution. The MDCM could he added up to 20% level without detrimentally affecting functional properties of comminuted meats although they had less water holding capacity and cooking loss as the proportion of MDCM increased.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.290-298
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of grape skin on the physicochemical properties and sensory score of ground pork meat. Methods: Four types of ground pork were evaluated: T0 without grape skin, T1 with 0.3% grape skin, T2 with 0.7% grape skin, and T3 with 1.0% grape skin. Results: There was no significant group wise difference in VBN content, L-value, b-value, chemical composition of raw and cooked meat, cooking yield, water holding capacity, moisture retention, fat retention, hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, taste, texture, juiciness, or palatability. Total polyphenol content was highest in T3, and DPPH radical scavenging activity was highest in T2 and T3 (p<0.001). The pH was highest in T0, and was lowest in T3 (p<0.001). The a-value of T2 and T3 were significantly higher than that of T0 (p<0.05). Flavor was highest in T2 among samples (p<0.01). Conclusion: The study results suggest that grape skin may be a useful ingredient in ground pork meat in terms of antioxidant potential, color and flavor.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to compare the color and microstructure of powder, redness, brownness, and antioxidative activity in extruded ginseng, white ginseng and red ginseng extracts. The colors of extruded dry ginseng powder (moisture content 30%, barrel temperature $110^{\circ}C$, and screw speed 200 rpm) were similar to those of red ginseng. Intact cell wall structure was examined in dried root ginseng at $70^{\circ}C$ (A), white ginseng with skin (D), white ginseng without skin (E), and red ginseng (F) under a scanning electron microscope. The cell wall was not detected in samples B and C (dry ginsengs extruded with 25% and 30% moisture contents, respectively). Intact starch granules were detected in samples A, D, and E under a scanning electron microscope. Melted starch granules were detected in samples B, C, and F. Colors (L, a, b) of 50% EtOH extracts were similar in samples C and F. Browniness and redness of extracts were high in extruded dry ginseng and red ginseng extracts. Extruded dry ginseng (B) showed higher electron donation ability and phenolic content than the other samples.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.197-200
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• 2012

보습제 베이스를 립스틱에 사용하여 보습효과가 우수한 제품개발에 응용하고자 DSC에 의한 결합수형성능, 수분보유능을 고찰하였다. 보습제 베이스를 배제한 견본에서 결합수 형성능은 5.12 %임을 알았다. 보습제 베이스함량에 따른 결합수형성능을 측정한 결과 보습제 베이스 함량이 증가함에 따라 결합수 형성능이 비례적으로 증가함을 DSC측정결과 알았다. 한편 DSC측정결과와 in vitro 수분보유능 측정법을 비교 실험한 결과 유사한 경향을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 DSC에 의한 결합수 형성능 측정법은 앞으로 립스틱 제품의 보습효과를 예측 하는데 유용한 방법으로 생각되었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.260-268
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• 2016

Background: During the aging process, skin shows visible changes, characterized by a loss of elasticity and the appearance of wrinkles due to reduced collagen production and decreased elasticity of elastin fibers. Panax ginseng Meyer has been used as a traditional medicine for various diseases due to its wide range of biological activities including skin protective effects. Ginsenosides are the main components responsible for the biological activities of ginseng. However, the protective activities of an enzymatic preparation of red ginseng against human skin aging have not been investigated. Methods: The efficacy of an enzyme-treated powder complex of red ginseng (BG11001) in preventing human skin aging was evaluated by oral administration to 78 randomized individuals. All patients were requested to take three daily capsules containing either 750 mg of BG11001 or a placebo vehicle for 24 wk; at the end of the testing period, skin roughness, elasticity, and skin water content were measured. Results: BG11001 significantly reduced the average roughness of eye wrinkles and the Global Photo Damage Score compared with the placebo, although there were no significant differences in arithmetic roughness average between the groups. In addition, gross elasticity and net elasticity values increased, and transepidermal water loss level decreased, indicating improved skin elasticity and moisture content. Conclusion: In conclusion, enzyme-treated red ginseng extract significantly improved eye wrinkle roughness, skin elasticity, and moisture content. Moreover, enzyme-treated red ginseng extract would be useful substance as a bio-health skin care product.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.1219-1223
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• 2019

피부의 상태는 얼굴부위별로 차이가 있다. 본 연구에서는 안면피부를 9부위로 구획화하여 수분, 유분, 건조감, 각질량, 거칠음 등의 특성을 기준으로 부위별 피부 관리 후 개선효과를 확인하였다. 20~35세 여성 98명을 대상으로 지각하는 피부의 특성을 부위별로 선택하여 순서대로 나열하고 가장 강하게 느끼는 부위에 가중치를 두어 분석하고 그 결과를 토대로 부위별 보습 관리를 시행하였다. 가장 건조감을 느끼는 부위는 입가와 눈가, 각질량이 가장 많은 곳과 거친 곳은 턱으로 나타났다. 또 부위별 관리 후 특정 부위 및 안면 전체 수분량의 유의한 증가를 보였고(p<.05), 90.5%의 건조감 해소에 대한 만족도를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로 안면 부위별 관리는 뷰티 디바이스 또는 안면 마스크팩 응용 개발에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2017

Objectives : This study investigated the anti-oxidant activities and improving effect of Phellinus linteus and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Extract (PGE) on Atopic Dermatitis. Methods : 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical, Hydrogen peroxides scavenging activities and Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities were used for the measurement of anti-oxidant ability. Cytotoxicity of PGE in Raw 264.7 cell was evaluated by MTT assay. To evaluate the anti-atopic dermatitis effect of PGE, a total of 33 patients with atopic dermatitis were observed trans epidermal water loss, skin moisture content, modified SCORAD index of atopic dermatitis and pruritic degree after applying the PGE for 4 weeks. Results : PGE scavenged DPPH ($IC_{50}=25ppm$) effectively, ABTS and Hydrogenperoxides scavenged similar to BHA. As for the SOD-like activity, it had lower effect than ascorbic acid, but it comparable activities in 500ppm. There was no cytotoxicity at PGE at concentrations of 10,000ppm. In clinical research about PGE on patients with atopic dermatitis, skin condition was improved. After 4 weeks, the application of PGE increased skin moisture content from 19.43 to 31.22. Moreover, it reduced the skin temperature (from 32.5 to 31.9), skin pH (from 5.39 to 5.22), trans epidermal water loss (from 39.03 to 24.46) and pruritus score (from 6.07 to 3.87). In addition, the Modified SCORAD index decreased from 31.28 to 20.3. Conclusions : In conclusion, PGE possesses anti-oxidant and anti-atopic dermatitis activities, thus it could be potentially valuable as anti-atopic dermatitis material.