• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.355-364
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• 2023

입술은 구조적으로 일반 피부와 다른 특유의 각질, 보습 특성을 갖는다. 특히, 각질의 턴오버 주기가 빠르고 최외곽 각질층이 얇아 비교적 각질의 발생량이 많고, 부속기관이 존재하지 않아 수분 유지에 매우 취약한 환경을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 새롭게 개발될 립케어 제품의 타겟을 각질-보습-장벽 세 가지로 설정하고 각 맞춤 소재의 개선 가능성을 확인하는 것을 목표로 하여 각질 박리 효능이 있는 소재 3 종에 대해, 각질, 보습, 장벽 개선 효능을 검증하였다. 구체적으로 Bacillus clausii extract에 의한 각질 개선, 글루코노락톤에 의한 피부 수분 보유량 개선, 세린에 의한 장벽 기능 강화 효능을 확인하였다. 립케어의 인체 효능 검증을 위해 각 효능 성분의 자극이 없는 범위의 농도를 설정하여 립밤 제조 및 인체 효능 평가를 진행하였고, 입술 각질·보습·탄력·주름 개선의 효능이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 입술의 각질-보습-장벽 케어를 통해 입술의 미용, 건강 지표가 개선될 수 있음을 확인하고 해당 소재들을 립세린 제품에 적용하였다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2000

Development of stabilized enzyme was attempted for cosmetic applications. Papain, a proteolytic enzyme, was stabilized through conjugation with a soluble carbohydrate biopolymer, SC-glucan$^{TM}$ . With a novel structure of the conjugation site, stability of the enzyme was significantly enhanced such that more than 90% of the initial activity retained after a month storage at 45$^{\circ}C$, while no activity were detected in native enzyme or enzyme simply mixed with SC-glucan$^{TM}$ after the storage. Conjugation with SC-glucan$^{TM}$ not only extended the half-life of the enzyme on storage at higher temperature, but was also found to protect enzymes against some components contained in cosmetic products for skin care. Cosmetic lotion containing 1 % papain conjugate was more effective and less irritative in exfoliating stratum corneum of human skin than the lotion containing 5% lactic acid, one of the current popular exfoliating agents.gents.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.218-224
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• 2018

Background: Compound K (CK) is a ginsenoside, a metabolite of Panax ginseng. There is interest both in increasing skin health and antiaging using natural skin care products. In this study, we explored the possibility of using CK as a cosmetic ingredient. Methods: To assess the antiaging effect of CK, RT-PCR was performed, and expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and type I collagen were measured under UVB irradiation conditions. The skin hydrating effect of CK was tested by RT-PCR, and its regulation was explored through immunoblotting. Melanin content, melanin secretion, and tyrosinase activity assays were performed. Results: CK treatment reduced the production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in UVB irradiated NIH3T3 cells and recovered type I collagen expression level. Expression of skin hydrating factors-filaggrin, transglutaminase, and hyaluronic acid synthases-1 and -2-were augmented by CK and were modulated through the inhibitor of ${\kappa}B{\alpha}$, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, or extracellular signal-regulated kinases pathway. In the melanogenic response, CK did not regulate tyrosinase activity and melanin secretion, but increased melanin content in B16F10 cells was observed. Conclusion: Our data showed that CK has antiaging and hydrating effects. We suggest that CK could be used in cosmetic products to protect the skin from UVB rays and increase skin moisture level.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2009

GSE와 PSS를 이용한 피부 외용제를 개발하기 위해, 평판 배지확산법 및 액체배지감수성실험을 이용하여 GSE와 PSS의 비듬균(Malassezia furjur, M. restricta), 여드름균(Propionibacterium acnes) 및 무좀균(Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum)에 대한 항균 활성을 측정하였다. 평판 배지확산법의 경우 GSE가 $10{\mu}l/disk$일 때 M. furfur, M. restricta. P. acnes, T. mentagrophytes 및 T. rubrum은 각각 1.0, 1.0, 12.0, 15.0, 15.0 mm 였으며, PSS가 $10{\mu}l/disk$일 때에는 각각 7.3, 5.7, 2.0, 0 mm 이었다. 또한 액체배지감수성실험에서 GSE에 대한 MIC 값은 각각 3.91, 3.91, 0.004, 0.024, $0.012{\mu}l/ml$ 이었으며 PSS에 대한 MIC 값은 각각 0.03, 0.03, 0.156, 0.003, $0.012{\mu}l/ml$이었다. 또한 GSE 와 PSS가 함유된 에멀전 시제품을 제조하여 농도별 평판배지확산법을 수행한 결과 그 결과 값은 0.5% 농도에서 각각 5.2, 4.3, 8.0, 9.5, 12.8 mm의 값을 나타내었다. GSE 와 PSS가 실험 대상 균주에 대하여 모두 항균력을 가지고 있었으며 비듬균인 M. furfur와 M. restricta는 GSE 보다는 PSS에서 더 강한 항균력을 보였으며 여드름균인 P. acnes와 무좀균인 T. mentagrophytese 및 T. rubrum은 PSS 보다는 GSE에서 더 강한 항균 활성을 보였다. 그러므로 GSE와 PSS의 각각에 효과적인 균주별 피부질환 외용제 뿐만 아니라 GSE와 PSS를 함께 적용한 광범위한 피부질환 외용제의 응용개발이 가능하리라 사료된다. 또한 에멀전 로션 시제품의 물리화학적 특성을 분석한 결과 pH, 점도, 굴절 및 색도 변화에 있어서 모두 안정성을 보였고 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 기능성 화장품과 같은 피부 외용제 제품의 개발 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 원적외선 방사체로 알려져 있는 준 보석 광물인 옥(jade)의 한 종류인 경옥(jadeite) 파우더를 함유하는 스킨 케어용 O/W 유화 제형을 제조하였다. 경옥 파우더는 화장품 원료로 기 등록된 옥의 다른 한 종류인 연옥(nephrite) 파우더나, 자외선 차단을 목적으로 화장품에 적용되는 이산화티탄 파우더와는 달리, 아무런 분산 첨가제 없이도 수상에서 한달 이상 안정하게 분산이 유지되며 저점도 유화 제형에 5 wt% 이상 균질 유화기로 용이하게 분산이 가능하였다. 이렇게 제조된 경옥 파우더가 2% 함유된 제형을 피부에 도포하고 피부의 표면 온도변화를 적외선 열 영상 분석기로 측정한 결과 동일인의 안면 피부에 경옥 파우더가 함유된 O/W 유화제형을 도포한 부위가 30 min 경과 시 대조군을 도포한 부위의 온도 대비 평균 약 $+1.5^{\circ}C$, 최대 $+2^{\circ}C$의 온도차이를 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 이와 같은 현상의 원인을 보다 분명하게 확인하기 위하여 경옥 파우더 자체를 가온한 뒤 복사에 의한 열 방출을 살펴보았고, 전파장대에서의 흡광 분석, 원적외선 방사율 및 표면 원소 분석을 진행한 결과, 이와 같은 피부 온도 변화는 경옥 파우더의 원적외선 방사 효과에 의존하는 것이 아니라 경옥 파우더의 표면에 노출된 원소들과 스킨케어용 화장품에 높은 비율로 포함되어 있는 물 분자와의 수소결합으로 인해 수분 증발을 억제하여 열에너지의 손실을 막기 때문인 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 경옥 파우더는 화장품용 새로운 보습, 보온 소재로서 활용이 가능하며, 흡광 분석결과로 미루어 보아 이산화티탄과 같은 무기 자외선 차단제와 간단히 혼합 병용하여 자외선 및 유해 가시광선 영역의 차단을 증대시키는 보조 소재로도 유용할 것이다.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.469-479
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• 2003

A novel branched wax has been developed for the control of the hardness of oil-wax gels. Using this wax, glossier application and smoother texture but tough lipstick can be obtained. Oil-wax gels are oily solids composed of liquid and crystalline solid oils (waxes). They are widely used in various cosmetic products, especially lipsticks. The control of gel hardness is one of the most important techniques in improvement of the lipstick quality. Addition of small amounts of commercial branched paraffin wax (e.g. microcrystalline wax, b-PW) to n-paraffin wax (n-PW) has been commonly used to increase gel hardness. However, gel hardness is very sensitive to the quantity of b-PW and the gel obtained is not always hard enough for practical use. In this study we examined the relationship between the gel hardness and the properties of the wax crystal in the gel. We have found that, when b-PW is added to n-PW, the wax crystal size becomes smaller (hardening the gels) and its crystallinity is decreased (softening the gels) simultaneously. Considering this result, we have developed a novel branched wax, Bis(polyethylenyl)- tetramethyldisiloxane (named ESE). ESE molecules are composed of a central tetramethyldisiloxane unit (branch unit) with polyethylene units at both ends. The central unit may suppress crystal growth while the ends are expected to prevent a decrease in wax crystallinity during crystallization. When ESE is added to n-PW, the wax crystal obtained becomes smaller without decreasing in crystallinity; consequently, the gel hardness is dramatically increased. By using ESE, the total amount of wax in a lipstick can be decreased by 30％ without spoiling the stick toughness, thereby achieving glossy application and smooth texture.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.191-203
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• 2017

Human eyes and skin are frequently exposed to chemicals accidentally or on purpose due to their external location. Therefore, chemicals are required to undergo the evaluation of the ocular and dermal irritancy for their safe handling and use before release into the market. Draize rabbit eye and skin irritation test developed in 1944, has been a gold standard test which was enlisted as OECD TG 404 and OECD TG 405 but it has been criticized with respect to animal welfare due to invasive and cruel procedure. To replace it, diverse alternatives have been developed: (i) For Draize eye irritation test, organotypic assay, in vitro cytotoxicity-based method, in chemico tests, in silico prediction model, and 3D reconstructed human cornealike epithelium (RhCE); (ii) For Draize skin irritation test, in vitro cytotoxicity-based cell model, and 3D reconstructed human epidermis models (RhE). Of these, RhCE and RhE models are getting spotlight as a promising alternative with a wide applicability domain covering cosmetics and personal care products. In this review, we overviewed the current alternatives to Draize test with a focus on 3D human epithelium models to provide an insight into advancing and widening their utility.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2007

This study is to research how women aging from 20 through 40 Apperance -Mnagement Bhavior and care of their outer looks from a beauty treatment perspective. This research should help satisfy the wants of women who are the main clients of the beauty products and help the beauty industry to produce new products and also to help out on their marketing strategy. In order to search the general characteristics of our target women, Frequency Analysis was used, to find out the sub-factor of interest in beauty Factor Analysis and Reliability Analysis was used. In order to divide the group according to Degree of Apperance Concern 'sub-factor, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, Scheffe'-test, $X^2-test$ was used, and to find out the difference on how they care of beauty analysis of variance was used, and further more to summarize the result of analysis of variance Scheffe'-test was used. As a result, in all different ways of beauty caring, weight resisting, skin care and plastic surgery summed up similarly among the self-care group, hair care ended up with similar results among all three groups: self-caring group, no interest in beauty at all group, and the too conscious of other eyes group, and results on the interest rate of clothing ended up similarly among the other-eye conscious group, beauty care interest group, and the self-care group.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.75-81
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• 1997

It has been used that fluorinated compounds could be applied to cosmetic products. It is that fluorinated conpounds are hydrophobicity and lipophobicity. These fluorinated compounds are reported to form a highly protective and effective film against most aggressive chemical and physical agents. PerfluropolymethyoisopropylEther has homophobicity and are colorless, odorless, tasteless and non-greasy. In this we made a success to formulate the new type of hand care cream using PFPE. PFPE are suitable thickness and chemical inertness to skin. The reason that we select PFPE for this investigation. We developed the new type hand care cream by adsorption and dispersion of PFPE. There are very stable dispersion and highly moisture diffusion control. And these characteristics were verified by actual consumer test.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.137-154
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• 2019

Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial compound used in consumer products. The purpose of current study was to examine toxicology and risk assessment of TCS based on available data. Acute toxicities of oral, transdermal and inhalation routes were low, and phototoxicity and neurotoxicity were not observed. Topical treatment of TCS to animal caused mild irritation. TCS did not induce reproductive and developmental toxicity in rodents. In addition, genotoxicity was not considered based on in vitro and in vivo tests of TCS. It is not classified as a carcinogen in international authorities such as International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). No-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was determined 12 mg/kg bw/day for TCS, based on haematoxicity and reduction of absolute and relative spleen weights in a 104-week oral toxicity study in rats. Percutaneous absorption rate was set as 14%, which was human skin absorption study reported by National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS) (2009). The systemic exposure dosage (SED) of TCS has been derived by two scenarios depending on the cosmetics usage of Koreans. The first scenario is the combined use of representative cosmetics and oral care products. The second scenario is the combined use of rinse-off products of cleansing, deodorants, coloring products, and oral care products. SEDs have been calculated as 0.14337 mg/kg bw/day for the first scenario and 0.04733 mg/kg bw/day for the second scenario. As a result, margin of safety (MOS) for the first and second scenarios was estimated to 84 and 253.5, respectively. Based on these results, exposure of TCS contained in rinse-off products, deodorants, and coloring products would not pose a significant health risk when it is used up to 0.3%.