• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to suggest methods for the community design through users' behavior study in apartment housing. This study was approached by using both theoretical investigation and empirical research. The theoretical investigation actualized the concept of community design in apartment housing through a literature survey. The empirical survey focused on seeking out a user-oriented design criteria based on the analysis of residents' usage behavior and mental map. The results of this study are as follow: First. regarding the analysis of the residents' attitude toward the share community space(SCS), it was found that the SCS made a sense as community facilities in apartment housing. Second, regarding the SCS through the metal map, it was shown that the sketch map analysis was a useful research method for the community design by actualizing the residents' behavior characteristics. Third. as to the results of analyzing the metal map, it was found that the considered characteristics in recognition of the SCS were related to the liking with the main paths, cross nodes of the moving line, the location of center. and the complexity. In conclusion, the SCS is the main of community design in apartment housing and the above characteristics in recognition are useful as the guidelines in the SCS planning.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.68-76
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• 1996

One of the major problems in GIS(Geographical Information Systems) involves acquiring 3-D terrain data. Because conventional methods such as land surveying or analysis of aerial photographs are costly, the method of using existing paper maps has been gaining considerable attention. This method demands three processing steps: 1) extraction of contours, 2) assignment of height values to the extracted contours, 3) reconstruction of 3-D terrain data. In this paper we systematically develop a procedure for acquiring 3-D terrain data from contour solutions. For the first two steps, we describe the necessary operations and roughly sketch solutions. For the last step, we propose an efficient raster-based algorithm and present the results of experiments with existing paper map images.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.195-199
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• 1998

본 논문은 감성측정평가 시뮬레이터 구축의 일환으로 개발한 3차원 시청각 환경 제시기가 생성하는 가상환경의 현실감 점도를 평가하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 가상환경의 최소 구성성분요소들로 Size, Length, Distance 등을 설정하였으며, 이들에 대하여 가상환경과 실제환경에서 각각 실험을 통해 피실험자들의 인식전도를 측정하였다. 실험에서 사용한 측정방법은 가상세계에 대한 인식실험을 위해 개발된 Size/Distance Estimation, Sketch Map, Object Search 방법 등을 사용하였으며, 가상환경과 실제환경에서 각각 도출된 실험결과의 차이를 토대로 3차원 시청각 환경 제시기의 현실감 수준을 평가하였다. 본 실험을 위해 구성한 피실험자의 집단은 컴퓨터 사용에 익숙한 20대 이공계열 84명(남:56, 여:28)의 학생들을 대상으로 하였다. 본 논문의 의의로는 3차원 시청각 환경 제시기가 생성하는 가상환경의 현실감 수준을 평가함으로써 개발 시스템의 보완 및 발전과 본격적인 감성공학 분야의 활용을 위한 지침을 마련하는데 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.322-325
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• 2004

인터넷 통신과 무선 이동 통신의 발달은 최적 경로 탐색이 인터넷 웹 페이지를 통하여 서비스될 수 있도록 하였으며, CNS(Car Navigation System)를 이용한 서비스도 가능하도록 하였다. 더욱이 개인용 휴대통신 장비인 PDA나 휴대폰을 이용하여서도 그 서비스가 제공되고 있지만, 휴대폰에서의 최적 경로 표현은 화면 크기의 제약성 때문에 많은 정보를 나타내기 어려우며, 휴대폰의 환경에 맞도록 기존의 공간 DB를 수정하는 것 또한 많은 비용과 시간이 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 기존의 DB를 이용하면서 사용자가 입력한 출발지와 목적지 정보를 이용하여 최적 경로 탐색을 수행하고, 탐색된 최적 경로를 일반화 알고리즘을 이용하여 휴대폰의 작은 화면에서 사용자가 쉽게 인지할 수 있도록 약도화 하는 알고리즘을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.109-117
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• 2008

Compared to the existing PC which uses a mouse and a keyboard, the touchscreen-based portable PC allows the user to use fingers, requiring new operation methods. However, current touchscreen-based web browser operations in many cases involve merely having fingers move simply like a mouse and click, or not corresponding well to the user's sensitivity and the structure of one's index finger, making itself difficult to be used during walking. Therefore, the goal of this study is to develop finger gestures which facilitate the interaction between the interface and the user, and make the operation easier. First, based on the frequency of usage in the web browser and preference, top eight functions were extracted. Then, the users' structural knowledge was visualized through sketch maps, and the finger gestures which were applicable in touchscreens were derived through the Meaning in Mediated Action method. For the front/back page, and up/down scroll functions, directional gestures were derived, and for the window closure, refresh, home and print functions, letter-type and icon-type gestures were drawn. A validation experiment was performed to compare the performance between existing operation methods and the proposed one in terms of execution time, error rate, and preference, and as a result, directional gestures and letter-type gestures showed better performance than the existing methods. These results suggest that not only during the operation of touchscreen-based web browser in portable PC but also during the operation of telematics-related functions in automobile, PDA and so on, the new gestures can be used to make operation easier and faster.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.235-240
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to find out users' preference of the shares community space(SCS) for the Community Design. For this, it was analyzed the residents' behavior characteristics of the current multi-family housing and the residents' needs of the SCS. This study focused on seeking out the user-oriented design criteria for the planning of the SCS. The survey was carried out with a structured questionnaire including sketch map from Aug. 13, 2001 to Sept. 14, 2001. The subjects were housewives who's living in Haeuondae of Busan, Korea. Total number of 650 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Especially 439 cases among them were used for analysis of mental map. The SPSS PC＋ was used for the analysis of data. The results of this study are as follows : First, as to the users' behavior for the SCSs, there is a difference in the location of residents' activities by contents of them. And, the range of these locations categorized according to levels of spacial cognition for neighborhoods. Second, as to the analysis of the SCS through a mental maps, it was shown that the residents' pathway and the residents' location are main variables to be considered in the SCS planning. The preferred location of SCS is organized according to the character of the SCS; the one for most residents, is located the surrounding of main enterance or the center of the housing complex, and the one the neighbors living in the same or the near building is located in area of the block of resident buildings. Third, as the results of residents' needs analysis, the SCS has the meaning of community facilities. And there is a difference in the degree of necessity and in the preferred location according to character of the SCS. In detal, for the indoor SCS of a resident building, there is a difference in the preferred location according to the kinds of each SCS. And for the outdoor SCS, it is necessary to divide the planning zone of the SCS into 3 steps(the resident building, the block of resident buildings, and the housing complex).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.4 s.304
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• pp.95-102
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a user friendly object-based image retrieval system using the interaction between cortex and hippocampus. Most existing ways of queries in content-based image retrieval rely on query by example or query by sketch. But these methods of queries are not adequate to needs of people's various queries because they are not easy for people to use and restrict. We propose a method of automatic color object extraction using CSB tree map(Color and Spatial based Binary をn map). Extracted objects were transformed to bit stream representing information such as color, size and location by region labelling algorithm and they are learned by the hippocampal neural network using the interplay between cortex and hippocampus. The cells of exciting at peculiar features in brain generate the special sign when people recognize some patterns. The existing neural networks treat each attribute of features evenly. Proposed hippocampal neural network makes an adaptive fast content-based image retrieval system using excitatory learning method that forwards important features to long-term memories and inhibitory teaming method that forwards unimportant features to short-term memories controlled by impression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.157-163
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• 2007

Recently, industrialization of a country is accelerated and request of society infrastructure is raised so national land development is activity view. Accordingly, the search for a wide-ranging buried heritage do acted in large construction region. Because the buried heritage get buried in land that it is necessary to the precision search and research for a record and a preservation. Until now, Surveying techniques of a historic site have made status map, profile and cross section map through leveling survey, total-station survey and sketch of specialist. So, to solve problems existing relic survey or drawing making method have using digital camera these researches rapidly and economically obtain stereo image of object and present a technique that constructs 3D image model for digital photogrammetry method. Also, these researches construct 3D image model for record and preservation of a historic site through site test and in 3D and graphical express a historic site and support works that produce other maps if we need it. offer base data of GIS (Geographic Information System) to collect and analyze overall, information of a historic site.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.45-64
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• 1991

Each of us has personal and unique "Mental Images" of environment that are the results of a two-way process between an observer and his environment. By understanding of people's image on their physical settings through cognitive maps, congruent with their design environment. In this context, this study is to fine out the characteristics of the resident's image in apartment housing that are modern housing. This paper is theoretically based on Appleyard's cognitive maps types, Lynch's the components of image, Harrison and Howard's image enhancing factors and Applyard's image enhancing factors of buildings. For the purpose of this study, two-instruments were used. One was sketch mapping, that told of visual aspects of cognitive map. Another was verbal questionnaire, which was composed of nonvisual aspects of image components and image enhancing factors. For the methods of research analysis, Percentage, Frequency, and Chi-square test were used. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, as for the types of cognitive maps, the rate of sequential maps and spatial maps are nearly same. Secondly, as for the components of images, landmarks and districts are significant elements in apartment housing, and edges, nodes and paths are rare element. Thirdly, with regard to image enhancing factors, landscaping is shown to be most effective at landmarks and districts. And finally, in examing the differences of images between various social groups, significant variables are years of living and housing size. Age and income are the next. In this study of image, we can learn about manner in which individuals come to see, understand, and cope with the environment at a personal level. So, user-oriented approach is useful in environmental design, and particularly, it is useful in the apartment housing of the future life space.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

Information gathered through experience transforms into knowledge and such knowledge becomes a foundation for intuitive decisions. Based on such background, the following study investigates intuitive decision making on basic elements needed for design concepts and visual conceptualizations. The study consist two phases. first, 12 structural elements of a digital camera and relation between each elements were arranged intuitively on a board. Next, sketches were generated with relationship of structural elements in mind. As a result of the study, concept with intuitive decisions effect structural thinking, various developments, specific operation methods , and sketch expressions. However, study also revealed that the freedom of human emotions don't accord with the qualification map.