• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.259-268
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• 2020

The study investigates the association between CEO education and firm performance with a sample of 85 nonfinancial firms listed on the Saudi stock exchange during 2018 applying ordinary least squares method. CEO education is defined by three variables, the level of education, if the degree-granting institution is domestic or foreign, and if the highest degree is in management or other fields of study. Financial performance is measured by return on assets and return on equity. Firm size, age, liquidity and growth are introduced as control variables. The study shows that 58 CEOs of the firms studied are graduates, 38 have obtained their degree from a domestic institution and 44 have a management degree. Graduate CEOs are found to enhance performance. Graduating from a domestic institution influences performance positively. Management degree of CEO does not seem to impact performance. Firm size, liquidity and growth are positively associated with performance. Firm age does not explain performance differences of firms. Results are robust to performance measures. The findings of the study suggest that firms can benefit from a CEO hiring policy that emphasizes on the minimum qualification set as graduation or higher, education from a domestic institution and no undue weight on management qualification.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.461-472
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• 1996

The relationship between plastic deformation and crystal grain change in warm forging processes of SM10C carbon steel is studied. If the carbon steel is deformed at warm forging temperature(about recrystallization range), material properties are changed due to microstructural chanre of the crystal grain and cementite of the internal part. Some experimental values are investigated in terms of the elliptic degree of cementite, the grain size of cementite and ferrite grain size. When plastic deformation proceeds, the elliptic degree of cementite becomes larger and the grain size of cementite particle becomes small. In addition, the size of ferrite grain becomes fines by recrystallization. The elliptic degree of cementite has a considerable effect on formability. The distribution of effective strain in the forging was calculated by the rigid visco-plastic FEM analysis. The effective strain distribution obtained from the FEM simulation is compared with the experimental result, At the level of effective strain 0.3, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization begin and at the level of over 2.5, the organization of material has better internal structure that is suitable for the following cold forming.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.117-122
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• 2013

Hyaluronic acid(HA) microbeads were synthesized by dropping the sodium hyaluronate(Streptococcus) solutions in NaOH into a solution mixture of divinyl sulfone(DVS) in 2-methyl-1-propanol, followed by stirring, cleaning and drying process at room temperature. The initial experimental conditions are crosslinking time(CLTi) of 5 h, crosslinking temperature(CLTe) of room temperature, injection air pressure(IAPr) of 5 psi, and DVS concentration( DVSc) of 0.2 vol%, respectively. Then, parametric studies were performed by varying the parameters to investigate the morphology, the porosity, the swelling ratio and the size of the beads. The microbead size pattern was not regular to function of the degree of crosslink. It was observed that the swelling ratio, the degree of crosslink, and the pore size can be controlled by adjusting the CLTi, CLTe and DVSc. Among the parameters investigated, the smallest bead size can be achieved by varying the CLTi parameter. The lowest swelling ratio, as an indication of the highest degree of crosslink, can be obtained by varying CLTe.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.646-652
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• 1991

Factors affecting gelatinization temperature of rice starches from different varieties were investigated. Birefringence end-point temperature(BEPT), amylose content, granule size distribution and degree of crystallinity of rice starches showed the significant varietal differences at ${\alpha}\;=0.01$. Susceptibility of the granule to gelatininzation was dependent mainly on the degree of crystallinity, as indicated by the significant positive correlation between BEPT and the relative crystallinity(r=0.67, p<0.01). However, granule size distribution did not affect the GT(gelatinization temperature) range, nor did amylose electron microscopy (SEM). SEM also confirmed that there is no relationship between the size and the shape and the amylose content of the rice starch.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.49-63
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to study real body size and ideal body shape by considering the degree of satisfaction of body part and understanding body size by the degree of leanness/obesity. The subjects in this study were 420 males from 18 to 25 years old. Body measurements and surveys were taken and analyzed by mean, standard variation, correlation analysis, regression analysis, crosstabulation analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's Test. The results of analyses indicate that the subjects tended to be satisfied with thick chest and upper limbs, wide shoulder width, and preferred to be tall and have big hands and feet. By cluster analysis of 19 variables, the subjects were divided into 4 groups, each consisting 41, 138, 134, and 47 males. Because the 19 variables were body measurements transformed to eliminate the body size factor, this classification was considered to express how lean or how obese a human body appears. The results of one way ANOVA and Duncan's Test indicate that, according to the degree of leanness/obesity from Group I (lean tendency) to Group IV(obese tendency), characteristics of the body shape changed as follows; height became lower, limbs became shorter, trunk and limbs became thicker and weight became heavier. Also it showed that Group IV were most satisfied with chest girth, upper limb girth and shoulder width and Group I with height, hip girth and waist girth.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.121-127
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• 2019

Background: Posterior decentering is not an uncommon finding on rotator cuff tear patients' shoulder magnetic resonance imaging. No previous study has reported on the relationship between posterior decentering and rotator cuff tear. Methods: We assessed patients' rotator cuff tear humeral head positions based on humeral-scapular alignment (HSA). Subjects were classified into centering and decentering groups based on a <2 mm or >2 mm HSA value, respectively. Differences in rotator cuff tear size, degree of tear, and fatty degeneration between the two groups were evaluated. Results: One hundred seventy-five patients (80 males, 95 females; mean age: $59.7{\pm}6.5$ years old) were selected as subjects (casecontrol study; level of evidence: 3). Tear size, degree of subscapularis tendon tear, and fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and subscapularis muscles were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). Conclusions: The occurrence of decentering was related to rotator cuff tear size, degree of subscapularis tendon tear, and fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff muscles.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 1963

It is well-known that high temperature hurts the sizing effect of rosin size in paper making, mainly owing to the particle size of rosin-aluminium complex in paper stock. In this experiments, author find, when the temperature of stock rises up. the particle size of rosin-aluminium complex of neutral rosin size increases and the degree of sizing decreases finally. However, the behavior of Bewoid size is quite opposite to former. This result showed that, Bewoid size is suitable in hot summer and neutral rosin size in cold winter for better sizing effect.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.3-8
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• 1994

In this paper, the hypergraph is fuzzified. In a hypoergraph, there are 3types of sets which can be fuzzified. According to the fuzzificatioin level, 7 types of fuzzy hypergraphs can be obtained. After defining the 7 thpes of hypergraphs, some interesting concepts are developed such as the order, size and degree of such as the order, size and degree of the fuzzy hypergraph.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 1990

Effects of grain size and cold rolling degree on shape memory ability and transformation temperature were studied in Fe-35% Mn-6% Si shape memory alloy. Md point of the alloy was determined by variation of yield stress with test temperature. The Md point measured in this way was linearly increased with increasing grain size. Shape memory ability of the alloy was decreased with increasing grain size, showing a minimum value at around $63{\mu}m$, and then increased with increasing grain size. From this result, it was concluded that the shape memory ability in the grain size smaller than a critical value is controlled by amount of retained ${\gamma}$ and prior ${\varepsilon}$ phase, but that the shape memory ability in the grain size greater than the critical value is mainly dominated by grain boundary area in unit volume of parent phase. The shape memory ability was decreased with increasing deformation degree. This was because the ${\gamma}$ content being available for the formation of ${\varepsilon}$ martensite during bending was decreased with increasing deformation degree.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between the degree of torn rotator cuff as recorded by MRI and degenerative change of acromion and greater tuberosity of humerus determined by simple radiographs. Materials and Methods: Of the 518 cases included in this study, a group of 234 cases had a chronic rotator cuff tear and a control group of 284 cases had an intact rotator cuff in shoulder MRI. The degree of degenerative changes was classified according to the length of spur and morphological change of acromion and greater tuberosity through the true anteroposterior simple radiograph in supraspinatus outlet view. The degree of tear (partial-thickness or full-thickness tear) and the size of complete rotator cuff tear were analyzed according to the MRI findings of shoulder. The authors also evaluated the correlation between the degree and size of torn rotator cuff and the degenerative change of acromion and greater tuberosity. Results: There were significant differences in the size and extent of torn rotator cuff according to the age, sex and degenerative change of acromion and greater tuberosity of humerus (p<0.001). More degenerative changes of acromion and greater tuberosity in simple shoulder radiographs showed the increased degree and size of torn rotator cuff (p<0.001). In addition, the higher degree and larger size of torn rotator cuff were noted in older age subjects (p<0.001) and in the female group (p<0.001). Conclusion: More degenerative changes of acromion and greater tuberosity in simple shoulder radiographs showed the increased degree and size of torn rotator cuff. Therefore, if a high degree of degenerative change of the acromion and greater tuberosity on simple radiograph is noted, the possibility of degenerative rotator cuff tear should be considered. In addition, the age and sex could be associative factors for larger size of torn rotator cuff.