• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2018

The probabilistic seismic safety assessment is one of the methodology to evaluate the seismic safety of the nuclear power plants. The site characteristics of the nuclear power plant should be reflected when evaluating the seismic safety of the nuclear power plant. The Korea seismic characteristics are strong in high frequency region and may be different from NRC Regulatory Guide 1.60, which is the design spectrum of nuclear power plants. In this study, seismic response of a nuclear power plant structure by Pohang earthquake (2017.11.15. (KST)) is investigated. The Pohang earthquake measured at the Cheongsong seismic observation station (CHS) is scaled to the peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.2 g and the seismic acceleration time history curve corresponding to the design spectrum is created. A nuclear power plant of the containment building and the auxiliary buildings are modeled using OPENSEES to analyze the seismic response of the Pohang earthquake. The seismic behavior of the nuclear power plant due to the Pohang earthquake is investigated. And the seismic performances of the equipment of a nuclear power plant are evaluated by the HCLPF. As a result, the seismic safety evaluation of nuclear power plants should be evaluated based on site-specific characteristics of nuclear power plants.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.994-1003
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to develop Web-based multimedia content for Physical Examination and Health Assesment. Method: The multimedia content was developed based on Jung's teaching and learning structure plan model, using the following 5 processes: 1) Analysis Stage, 2) Planning Stage, 3) Storyboard Framing and Production Stage, 4) Program Operation Stage, and 5) Final Evaluation Stage. Results: The web based multimedia content consisted of an intro movie, main page and sub pages. On the main page, there were 6 menu bars that consisted of Announcement center, Information of professors, Lecture guide, Cyber lecture, Q&A, and Data centers, and a site map which introduced 15 week lectures. In the operation of web based multimedia content, HTML, JavaScript, Flash, and multimedia technology(Audio and Video) were utilized and the content consisted of text content, interactive content, animation, and audio & video. Consultation with the experts in context, computer engineering, and educational technology was utilized in the development of these processes. Conclusions: Web-based multimedia content is expected to offer individualized and tailored learning opportunities to maximize and facilitate the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. Therefore, multimedia content should be utilized concurrently with the lecture in the Physical Examination and Health Assesment classes as a vital teaching aid to make up for the weakness of the face-to- face teaching-learning method.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.333-343
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the suitability and readability of printed educational materials for patients with hypertension in Korea. Methods: A total of 33 written educational materials related to hypertension were collected from public health centers, hospitals, and internet web site. Among them, we analyzed 19 materials which fit the inclusion criteria: leaflets (n=9), booklets (n=3), and guide book (n=7). Two trained nurses evaluate the materials using suitability assessment tool (SAM; Doak, Doak, & Root, 1996) and graded lexical items for teaching Korean (Kim, 2003). Results: Overall, 14 (73.7%) of 19 materials scored adequate, and 5 (26.3%) scored inadequate. On the average, the education materials contained 36.1% to 50.5% of 1st grade reading level words and 12.9% to 21.6% of 4th grade level and over. Conclusion: The reading level of the materials was higher than a 6th grade reading level. It is proposed that the written educational materials should be developed by health professionals according to suitability and quality by taking the target group's literacy capacity into consideration.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2004

Reg. Guide 1.109의 농작물내 핵종농도 계산모델을 가동중인 원자력 시설에 적용함에 있어서의 문제점을 분석하고 개선 방안을 제시하였다. 뿌리흡수 평가에 있어서는 가동개시후 침적한 방사성 핵종이 고려될 수 있도록 모델을 변형하였다. 직접침적에 의한 가식부위내 농도 계산식에는 전류계수를 도입하였다. 변형모델의 입력변수에 내하여 국내 특성치를 설정하였다. Reg. Guide 1.109 모델과 변형모델에 동 지침서의 변수치와 국내 특성 변수치를 번갈아 입력하여 쌀알, 배추, 무 뿌리 내 $^{54}Mn,\;^{60}Co,\;^{90}Sr,\;^{137}Cs$의 농도를 다양한 가상의 침적 이력에 대해 계산, 비교하였다. 이를 통해 변형모델에 국내 특성 변수치를 사용함으로써 보다 합리적이고 현실적인 평가가 이루어 질 것으로 기대할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.183-196
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• 2008

원전주변의 주민에 대한방사선량의 대부분을 음식물 섭취에 의한 내부피폭이 차지하고 있다. 그러나 우리나라 원전에 적용하고 있는 음식물 섭취 관련 인자는 1989년 한국원자력연구소가 고리원전 주변지역을 대상으로 수행한 현장조사 결과를 계속 적용하고 있어 최근의 식습관 변화를 적절히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 또한 우리나라는 미국 NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) 에서 적용하고 있는 최대개인에 근거하여 음식물 섭취율을 결정하고 있다. 그러나 최근의 ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection) 의 권고 및 유럽의 관련 지침에서는 결정집단 또는 결정집단을 대표하는 개인에 대해 선량을 평가토록 권고하고 있다. 따라서 이러한 식습관의 변화추이나 피폭평가대상에 대한 국제적인 권고기준에 준하는 음식물 섭취율 설정방법에 대한연구가 필요하다. 보건복지가족부에서는 국민건강증진법에 의거 매 3년마다 전국 규모의 국민의 식품 및 영양섭취실태 조사를 실시하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 정부조사자료를 활용하여 주기적으로 음식물 섭취량 자료를 갱신할 수 있는 방안을 연구하였다. 보건복지가족부에서 $2001{\sim}2002$년에 수행한 국민영양조사원자료(raw data)를 분석하여 결정집단을 대표하는 개인의 음식물 섭취율을 결정하는데 이용할 수 있는 기초통계량을 제시하고, 또한 현재 국내 원전에서 적용하고 있는 최대개인의 음식물 섭취율을 재설정하였다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2023

Objective: It is difficult to predict the treatment response of tissue after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) because radiation necrosis (RN) and tumor recurrence can coexist. Our study aimed to predict tumor recurrence, including the recurrence site, after SRS of brain metastasis by performing a longitudinal tumor habitat analysis. Materials and Methods: Two consecutive multiparametric MRI examinations were performed for 83 adults (mean age, 59.0 years; range, 27-82 years; 44 male and 39 female) with 103 SRS-treated brain metastases. Tumor habitats based on contrast-enhanced T1- and T2-weighted images (structural habitats) and those based on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) images (physiological habitats) were defined using k-means voxel-wise clustering. The reference standard was based on the pathology or Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncologycriteria for brain metastases (RANO-BM). The association between parameters of single-time or longitudinal tumor habitat and the time to recurrence and the site of recurrence were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Dice similarity coefficient, respectively. Results: The mean interval between the two MRI examinations was 99 days. The longitudinal analysis showed that an increase in the hypovascular cellular habitat (low ADC and low CBV) was associated with the risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-4.91; P = 0.001). During the single-time analysis, a solid low-enhancing habitat (low T2 and low contrast-enhanced T1 signal) was associated with the risk of recurrence (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.01-2.35; P = 0.045). A hypovascular cellular habitat was indicative of the future recurrence site (Dice similarity coefficient = 0.423). Conclusion: After SRS of brain metastases, an increased hypovascular cellular habitat observed using a longitudinal MRI analysis was associated with the risk of recurrence (i.e., treatment resistance) and was indicative of recurrence site. A tumor habitat analysis may help guide future treatments for patients with brain metastases.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2009

The study show that things about the noise control are indicated at The Noise & Vibration Control Act and the other Act. Also, the details program and total government ministries' program for the noise control are indicated what are the advance noise control plan. The study consist of the four part which are "Draw up the environmental noise infrastructure plan; the install shall be done the noisemap & the automatic noise measurement devices", "Resetting of environmental noise standard at the application area and Introduce of indoor noise; the guide for region classification of the noise standard & indoor noise", "Setting of aircraft noise standard and Program of measurement point operation; the noise-assessment-standard shall change from WECPN to new index($L_{den}$, $L_{dn}$, $L_{Aeq\;24h}$) & the operation and control of aircraft noise measurement changes from local environmental office to central control center" and "The method of noise regulation at construction site and the plan on making of standard for vibration regulation; It shall be made that the guideline of construction noise should include a target-construction, noise standard etc & the ministries shall unify control about construction vibration of the blasting vibration". The advance noise-policy will improve efficiency to deal with civil appeal & damage on residents about noise.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2007

국내 원자력 발전소의 온배수 배출을 둘러싸고 제기된 각 종 수산업 피해 민원이 발생한지도 20년이 가까워 온다. 온배수에 의한 연안환경 및 수산업 피해를 보다 과학적이고 합리적으로 산정하기 위한 지침이 한국 해양학회, 수산학회 공동의 노력으로 마련되었다. 피해역 산정 방안을 보다 합리적으로 마련하기 위하여 기존의 특정 상승온도 기준을 탈피하고 환경과 생태계의 다양한 영향을 포괄적으로 고려할 수 있는 온배수 영향지수를 제안하였다. 이 영향지수는 UNEP(2002)의 권고안에 따른 지침을 수용하고, 현실성과 경제성 및 미래지향적 특성을 갖출 수 있다. 특정 원자력발전소 현장에 적용 가능한 영향지수의 구현을 위하여 예비 실험의 노력이 요구된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제50권8호
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• pp.1387-1401
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• 2018

An aircraft impact (AI) on a nuclear power plant (NPP) is considered to be a beyond-design-basis event that draws considerable attention in the nuclear field. As some NPPs have already adopted the seismic isolation technology, and there are relevant standards to guide the application of this technology in future NPPs, a new challenge is that nuclear power engineers have to determine a reasonable method for performing AI analysis of base-isolated NPPs. Hence, dynamic influences of the seismic isolation on the vibration and structural damage characteristics of the base-isolated CPR1000 containment are studied under various aircraft loads. Unlike the seismic case, the impact energy of AI is directly impacting on the superstructure. Under the coupled influence of the seismic isolation and the various AI load, the flexible isolation layer weakens the constraint function of the foundation on the superstructure, the results show that the seismic isolation bearings will produce a large horizontal deformation if the AI load is large enough, the acceleration response at the base-mat will also be significantly affected by the different horizontal stiffness of the isolation bearing. These concerns require consideration during the design of the seismic isolation system.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.128-142
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to adapt the previously developed intravenous infusion guidelines with good quality for development of the evidence-based intravenous infusion nursing practice guideline in Korea. Methods: Guideline adaptation process was conducted according to guideline adaptation manual version 2.0 developed by NECA (Kim, Kim et al., 2011) which consisted of three main phases, 9 modules including a total of 24 steps. Results: Adapted intravenous infusion nursing practice guideline was consisted of 19 domains and 180 recommendations. The domains and number of recommendations in each domain were: general guide, 4; assessment, 1; vascular access device selection, 4;site selection, 14;site preparation, 5;site care, 29; maintaining patency, 11; blood sampling via vascular access, 4; vascular access device exchange and removal, 9; add-on device selection, 27; infusion related complications, 63; education, 7; and documentation and report, 2. There were 11.9% of A, 28.4% of B, 58.7% of C in grade of recommendations. Conclusion: Adapted intravenous infusion nursing practice guideline is expected to contribute providing an evidence based practice guides for intravenous infusion. The guideline is recommended to be disseminated to nurses nationwide to improve the efficiency of intravenous infusion practice.